Comparison of Liver Transplantation and Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Type I and Type II

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and to investigate risk factors affecting prognosis.Materials and MethodsA total of 94 HCC patients with PVTT type I (segmental PVTT) and PVTT type II (lobar PVTT) were involved and divided into LR (n=47) and LT groups (n=47). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared before and after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Prognostic factors for RFS and OS were explored.ResultsTwo treatment groups were well-balanced using IPTW. In the entire cohort, LT provided a better prognosis than LR. Among patients with PVTT type I, RFS was better with LT (p=0.039); OS was not different significantly between LT and LR (p=0.093). In subgroup analysis of PVTT type I patients with α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/mL, LT elicited significantly longer median RFS (18.0 months vs. 2.1 months, p=0.022) and relatively longer median OS time (23.6 months vs. 9.8 months, p=0.065). Among patients with PVTT type II, no significant differences in RFS and OS were found between LT and LR (p=0.115 and 0.335, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed treatment allocation (LR), tumor size (>5 cm), AFP and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels to be risk factors of RFS and treatment allocation (LR), AFP and AST as risk factors for OS.ConclusionLT appeared to afford a better prognosis for HCC with PVTT type I than LR, especially in patients with AFP levels >200 ng/mL.     

Cumulative Recurrence Rate and Risk Factors for Recurrent Abdominal Wall Endometriosis after Surgical Treatment in a Single Institution

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the cumulative recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrent abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) after surgical treatment.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single gynecological surgery center between January 2004 and December 2020. Patients who were surgically treated and followed up for at least 6 months after surgery were selected.ResultsEighteen patients with pathologically diagnosed AWE were included in this study. The median follow-up duration was 22.5 months (range, 6–106). The median age was 37 years (range, 22–48), and 33.3% of the patients were nulliparous. Among the patients included in our study, 55.6% complained of a mass with cyclic pain, and 27.8% had a palpable mass. In addition, 22.2% of patients experienced recurrence with 17.5±9.7 months of mean time to recurrence. The cumulative recurrence rates at 24 and 60 months after surgical treatment of AWE were 23.8% and 39.1%, respectively. There were no statistically significant risk factors for the recurrence of AWE, including postoperative medical treatment.ConclusionThe recurrence rate of AWE appears to be correlated with the follow-up duration. There was no statistically significant risk factor for the recurrence of AWE. Unlike ovarian endometriosis, postoperative hormonal treatment does not seem to lower the recurrence of AWE. The findings of the current study may help healthcare providers in counselling and managing patients with AWE.     

肝癌患者TACE术后血清VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP水平与肝癌复发的相关性分析

目的 观察肝癌患者在TACE术后血清VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP水平与肝癌复发的相关性.方法 选择2010年1月至2012年1月在成都医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科住院采用TACE方式进行治疗的肝细胞癌患者60例为肝癌组,以同期住院的60例肝脏良性病变患者为对照,在肝癌组患者TACE术后1周时检测其血清VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP水平,与对照组的血清VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP水平进行比较,将肝癌组患者按复发情况分类后,观察VEGF、HIF-1 α、CRP与复发的关系,统计VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP预测复发的敏感性、特异性.结果 肝癌组患者的血清VEGF、HIF-1α、CRP水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义;VEGF、HIF-1 o、CRP水平升高与肝癌复发存在相关性,具有统计学意义;VEGF与肝癌复发的敏感性73.4％、特异性81.25％,HIF-1α的敏感性79.6％、特异性83.3％,CRP的敏感性69.4％、特异性71.4％.结论 肝癌患者TACE术后血清VEGF、HIF-1 α、CRP水平可以预测肝癌的发生情况,VEGF、HIF-1α的敏感性与特异性要好于CRP.     

Risk Factors for Patients with Stage IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Extension into the Heart: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

Purpose

To evaluate the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) extension into the right atrium (RA) and determine poor prognostic factors for HCC extension to the heart.

Materials and Methods

A total of 665 patients who were newly diagnosed with HCC were analyzed retrospectively from January 2004 to July 2012. The patients were divided into two groups: 33 patients with HCC extending into the RA and 632 HCC patients during the same period. The patients with HCC extending into the RA were subdivided into shorter survival group (<2 months) and longer survival group (≥2 months).

Results

The prevalence of HCC extending to the RA was 4.96%. In multivariate analysis, a modified Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage higher than IVA, hepatic vein invasion, concomitant inferior vena cava and portal vein invasion, and multinodular tumor type were risk factors for HCC extending to the RA. In multivariate analysis, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score >3 (p=0.016, OR: 13.89) and active treatment (p=0.024, OR: 0.054) were associated with prognostic factors in patients HCC extending into the RA. Active treatment such as radiation (n=1), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) (n=11), Sorafenib (n=1), and combined modalities (n=2) were performed.

Conclusion

Modified UICC stage higher than IVA, vascular invasion and multinodular tumor type are independent risk factors for HCC extending to the RA. Active treatment may prolong survival in patients HCC extending into the RA.     

The Effect of Denosumab and Risk Factors for Recurrence in Spinal Giant Cell Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PurposeGiant cell tumors (GCTs) are common benign primary bone tumors and are well known for their locally aggressive performance and tendency to recur. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of denosumab and risk factors for recurrent spinal GCTs.Materials and MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify differences between individuals treated with and without denosumab and risk factors for spinal GCT recurrence. Patient data, including age, sex, tumor resection range, location, denosumab use, Campanacci grade, and radiotherapy, were documented. Comparable factors were evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsSixteen studies were included. The overall incidence of spinal GCT recurrence was 29%. Campanacci grade III tumors showed better recurrence outcomes than grades I and II (OR, 16.36; 95% CI, 4.19–63.93; p<0.001). Gross total resection (OR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.04–0.19; p<0.001), radiotherapy (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.11–0.65; p=0.004), and the use of denosumab during subtotal resection (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.07–8.17; p=0.04) were important factors for reducing recurrence.ConclusionClinicians must consider the effects of gross total resection, radiotherapy use, and denosumab use in cases of subtotal resection during spinal GCT treatment. So far, many researchers have used denosumab in spinal GCT, but none have clearly suggested an endpoint. Most studies, however, recommend using it for more than 6 months.     

老年胃癌合并糖尿病患者术后早期肠内与肠外营养对比研究

目的探讨老年胃癌合并糖尿病患者术后早期肠内营养的合理性和安全性。方法将60例老年胃癌合并糖尿病患者随机分为早期肠内营养组（EEN,30例）和肠外营养组（PN,30例）。检测手术前和手术后第4、10天营养指标和肝功能等变化,详细记录血糖变化,观察临床恢复情况。结果术后肠内营养组血糖水平波动较肠外营养组平稳（P〈0.01）。术后第4天EEN组患者的各项营养指标和肝功能指标恢复明显高于PN组患者（P〈0.01）。并发症发生率EEN组少于PN组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论胃肠肿瘤手术后早期应用肠内营养对老年糖尿病患者是一个较好的方法,方便血糖调控,同时可促进机体康复,减少并发症。     

The Risk Factors and Outcomes for Radiological Abnormalities in Early Convalescence of COVID-19 Patients Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: A Retrospective,Multicenter Follow-up Study

BackgroundThe emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 omicron variant has been triggering the new wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally. However, the risk factors and outcomes for radiological abnormalities in the early convalescent stage (1 month after diagnosis) of omicron infected patients are still unknown.MethodsPatients were retrospectively enrolled if they were admitted to the hospital due to COVID-19. The chest computed tomography (CT) images and clinical data obtained at baseline (at the time of the first CT image that showed abnormalities after diagnosis) and 1 month after diagnosis were longitudinally analyzed. Uni-/multi-variable logistic regression tests were performed to explore independent risk factors for radiological abnormalities at baseline and residual pulmonary abnormalities after 1 month.ResultsWe assessed 316 COVID-19 patients, including 47% with radiological abnormalities at baseline and 23% with residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. In a multivariate regression analysis, age ≥ 50 years, body mass index ≥ 23.87, days after vaccination ≥ 81 days, lymphocyte count ≤ 1.21 × 10^-9/L, interleukin-6 (IL-6) ≥ 10.05 pg/mL and IgG ≤ 14.140 S/CO were independent risk factors for CT abnormalities at baseline. The age ≥ 47 years, presence of interlobular septal thickening and IL-6 ≥ 5.85 pg/mL were the independent risk factors for residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. For residual abnormalities group, the patients with less consolidations and more parenchymal bands at baseline could progress on CT score after 1 month. There were no significant changes in the number of involved lung lobes and total CT score during the early convalescent stage.ConclusionThe higher IL-6 level was a common independent risk factor for CT abnormalities at baseline and residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. There were no obvious radiographic changes during the early convalescent stage in patients with residual pulmonary abnormalities.