并列刚性双圆柱流激振动风洞试验研究EI北大核心CSCD

通过风洞试验研究了弹性支撑条件下并列刚性双圆柱的流激振动,试验雷诺数范围Re=3200~36200。圆柱间距比S/D=1.5~4.0,其中S为两圆柱圆心间距,D为圆柱直径。结果表明:随着间距的变化,并列双圆柱的振动幅值呈现涡激振动(vortex-induced vibration,VIV)和尾流耦合涡激振动(wake-coupled vortex-induced vibration,WCVIV)模式。WCVIV发生在间距比S/D≤3.0时,此时双圆柱之间相互干涉作用较强,双圆柱振动幅值响应呈现不一致性,振动位移之间表现为同相位或反相位耦合特征,圆柱尾流场对称点的涡脱频率也不相同,尾流呈现不对称性。而VIV发生在间距比S/D=3.5~4.0时,此时双圆柱相互独立,其振动幅值和涡脱频率几乎相同,尾流的不对称现象消失,振动位移之间相位差不再近似等于恒定值而是随时间周期性的“划动”。无论发生WCVIV还是VIV,振动频率的主频均锁定于1倍的固有频率。     

两自由度椭圆柱体涡激振动的数值模拟

摘要：利用作者编制的基于松耦合方法求解气动弹性问题的程序,对高雷诺数条件下椭圆柱体的涡激振动进行了数值模拟。椭圆柱体的长短轴比接近2,来流和长轴垂直。数值结果表明：尽管椭圆柱体在横向和流向的动力参数不同,结构振动仍以横向振动为主;和圆柱以及方柱一样,两自由度椭圆柱体的涡激振动同样存在流向锁定和横向锁定,并且随着折减风速的增大,旋涡脱落模式从异相2S变化为同相2S。     

高雷诺数下圆柱顺流向和横向涡激振动分析

本文利用CFD方法,研究了较高雷诺数下圆柱流向与横向耦合涡激振动特性。利用FLUENT软件求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、圆柱涡激振动的结构动力响应方程,运用动网格技术,实现流固耦合,对圆柱进行了单自由度和两自由度涡激振动的数值模拟,得到了雷诺数为 范围内的圆柱涡激振动的升力系数、阻力系数、振幅比及频率比随约化速度变化的规律,捕捉到涡激流固耦合振动的“锁定”“相位开关”等现象,结果表明在此雷诺数范围内锁定区域对应的折减速度范围为Ur=3~7.5。对比单自由度及两自由度的模拟结果,表明在低质量比情况下,流向的振动会对横向振动产生影响。     

顺向正弦来流条件下圆柱气动力和绕流流场数值模拟研究

为深入了解顺向阵风来流对圆柱气动力和流场特性的影响,开展了雷诺数(Re)为1 000的圆柱绕流三维大涡模拟,研究了不同频率顺向正弦来流对圆柱气动力和流场结构的影响规律,详细分析了升阻力系数、斯特劳哈尔数(St)、回流长度、分离角和尾流结构等参数的变化规律。顺向正弦来流速度为U=U₀+Asin(2πft),其中来流频率f的变化范围为0～0.3 Hz,U₀为平均速度,A为竖向正弦来流的振幅,设为0.15U₀。研究结果表明：圆柱阻力系数卓越频率(即主导频率)与正弦来流频率基本一致,升力系数存在3个明显的频率峰值,分别对应涡脱频率与来流频率之差、涡脱频率、涡脱频率与来流频率之和。随着正弦来流频率f增大,St先减小后增大,在f=0.25 Hz时达到最小值,而回流长度先增大后减小,且在f=0.15 Hz时达到最大值。当f≤St时,分离角不变,而顺流向最小速度逐渐增大;当f>St时,分离角逐渐增大.     

喷射方法对尾流旋涡脱落的抑制

采用数值模拟的方法研究了尾部喷射对波动来流绕圆柱流动旋涡脱落的抑制,进而研究圆柱尾流控制机理.研究流场的无量纲波频范围为0².8,来流波动的无量纲幅值为0.2,雷诺数=200.在圆柱尾部沿圆柱母线开宽度为0.04倍柱体直径的缝隙,从缝隙中射出流体对尾流进行抑制,寻找可有效抑制旋涡脱落的喷射速度范围,进而求出雷诺数=200,无量纲振幅为0.2时有效抑制范围.当喷射速度在一定范围内时,可有效抑制旋涡脱落,并且随着无量纲频率的增大,有效抑制范围逐步减小.     

不同外径输电线风噪声的试验研究

针对不同外径和风速下输电线的风噪声问题,进行了5种输电线在4种风速下的风洞试验,分析了输电线风噪声的频谱特征、卓越频率及对应的斯特罗哈数,探讨了总声压级和A计权总声压级,并对比了相近外径输电线和光滑圆柱风噪声。结果表明:输电线风噪声主要由风流经表面产生的涡脱引起,卓越频率与涡脱频率非常接近;风噪声涡脱的斯托罗哈数随雷诺数增加呈增大趋势;输电线风噪声的A计权总声压级随着风速的增大而增大,随输电线外径的增大而减小;高风速下输电线风噪声的A计权总声压级小于同直径的光滑圆柱,两者差距随着风速的增加而增大。     

小直径附加圆柱对圆柱涡激振动抑制的参数优化

采用基于迭代嵌入式浸入边界法对后方对称布置两个小直径圆柱的单圆柱涡激振动进行了数值模拟研究,对涡激振动抑制进行了参数优化。雷诺数和圆柱直径比分别为Re=100和d/D=0.125,其中D和d分别为大、小圆柱直径。通过改变控制角度(θ)、主圆柱与小圆柱的间隙比(G/D)、小圆柱旋转角速度和旋转方向(α)和阻尼比(ζ)确定的最优控制参数组合为θ=25°、G/D=0.125、α=-2.2和ζ=1.02。小圆柱的旋转角速度和旋转方向对圆柱振幅有一定的影响,其中内向反转会进一步抑制圆柱的振动,外向反转则恰好相反。随着阻尼比的增加,圆柱振幅先增后减,但影响程度较小。     

圆柱高Re数绕流特性的大涡模拟研究

采用大涡模拟方法研究了圆柱在Re=4.1×104下的绕流场,预测了圆柱表面的脉动压力平均值和RMS值,得到了与试验报道接近的阻力系数平均值和升力脉动RMS值,以及涡脱St数,表明了大涡模拟的有效性。揭示了圆柱涡脱的空间不同步和涡脱频率随时间的变化特征,以及涡脱能量的有限频率带宽分布;分析了圆柱表面θ=90°和θ=270°点脉动压力时程的统计特性,表明脉动压力的能量均集中在圆柱的漩涡脱落频率上。提出了基于θ=90°和θ=270°点脉动压力时程的互相关系数和RMS值,合理估算圆柱截面脉动升力RMS值的公式;基于圆柱表面脉动压力时程的相干性分析,揭示了圆柱升力和阻力产生的流动机理。     

不同雷诺数下圆柱绕流气动噪声数值模拟

基于大涡模拟和声类比相结合的混合方法对不同雷诺数下二维圆柱绕流的远场气动噪声进行预测.预测值与试验数据吻合良好.根据预测结果分析圆柱绕流气动噪声的声场特性,研究流场振荡规律对远场噪声的影响和圆柱绕流气动噪声的辐射特性,并寻找降低圆柱绕流气动噪声的途径.结果表明:随着雷诺数的增加,远场各测量点的总声压级增大;声场的最大声...     

不同入射角下圆柱涡激振动的数值研究

采用二维非定常雷诺平均N-S方程和剪应力运输k-ω模型,结合四阶龙格-库塔法,选取4种不同入射角(α)对二自由度圆柱涡激振动响应影响进行数值研究。比较了不同来流角度下圆柱涡激振动幅值、结构振动频率、锁定区间、漩涡脱落模式、斯特劳哈尔数、水动力系数和捕能效率的影响。数值结果表明,来流角度变化会使圆柱涡激振动响应产生多频率特性,且随着来流角度的增加y方向振幅逐渐减小,x方向振幅逐渐增大。不同来流角度下涡激振动响应均产生明显的锁定现象,锁定区间宽度随来流角度的变化不明显。但随着来流角度的增加,y方向力系数均方根与x方向力系数均值均有下降的趋势。     

Shear flow past a square cylinder near a wall

A numerical study on the wake behind a square cylinder placed parallel to a wall has been made. The cylinder is considered to be within the boundary layer of the wall, so that the outside flow is taken to be due to uniform shear. Flow has been investigated in the laminar Reynolds number (based on the cylinder height) range. The interaction of wall boundary layer on the vortex shedding at Reynolds number up to 1400.0 has been investigated for cylinder to wall gap height 0.5 and 0.25 times the cylinder height. The gap flow between the cylinder and wall during a period of vortex shedding has been obtained. The governing unsteady Navier–Stokes equations are discretised through the finite volume method on staggered grid system. An algorithm SIMPLE has been used to compute the discretised equations iteratively. Our results show that at the gap height 0.5 times the cylinder height the vortex shedding occurs at a Strouhal number greater than for an isolated cylinder. Vortex shedding suppression occurs and wake becomes steady up to a certain value of Reynolds number at gap height 0.25 time the cylinder height. At higher Reynolds number the formation of a single row of negative vortices behind the cylinder when it is in close proximity to wall is noteworthy. Due to the shear, the drag experienced by the cylinder is found to decrease with the reduction of gap height.     

Nonlinear instability of mixed convection flow over a horizontal cylinder

Vortex shedding and instability of the mixed convection flow over a horizontal cylinder have been studied numerically for different flow directions with respect to the direction of buoyancy—with emphasis on assisting and opposing flows. Nonlinear instability and vortex shedding have been investigated with the help of the Landau equation—that is modified to identify critical Reynolds and Richardson numbers. Effects of flow direction are studied for a representative Richardson number. The average Nusselt number is estimated for all the cases to represent average heat transfer.     

Computational study of unsteady viscous flow around a transversely and longitudinally oscillating circular cylinder in a uniform flow at high reynolls numbers

A finite difference simulation method for the time dependent viscous incompressible flow around a transversely and longitudinally oscillating circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers of Re=4×10³ and 4×10⁴ is presented. The Navier-Stokes equations in finite difference form are solved on a moving grid system, based on a time dependent coordinate transformation. Solution of the vortex street development behind the cylinder is obtained when the cylinder remains stationary and also when it is oscillating. Time eholution of the flow configuration is studied by means of stream lines, pressure contours and vorticity contours. The computer results predict the lock-in phenomenon which occurs when the oscillation frequency is close to the vortex shedding frequency in the transverse mode or around double the vortex shedding frequency in the longitudinal mode. The time dependent lift and drag coefficients are obtained by the integration of the pressure and shear forces around the body. The drag, lift and the displacement relations are also discussed.     

Vortex shedding suppression for laminar flow past a square cylinder near a plane wall: a two-dimensional analysis

Summary A numerical study on the uniform shear flow past a long cylinder of square cross-section placed parallel to a plane wall has been made. The cylinder is considered to be within the boundary layer of the wall. The maximum gap between the plane wall to the cylinder is taken to be 0.25 times the cylinder height. We investigated the flow when the regular vortex shedding from the cylinder is suppressed. The governing unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are discretized through the finite volume method on staggered grid system. A pressure correction based iterative algorithm, SIMPLER, has been used to compute the discretised equations iteratively. We found that the critical value of the gap height for which vortex shedding is suppressed depends on the Reynolds number, which is based on the height of the cylinder and the incident stream at the surface of the cylinder. At high Reynolds number (Re ≥ 500) however, a single row of negative vortices occurs for wall to cylinder gap height L ≥ 0.2. The shear layer that emerges from the bottom face of the cylinder reattaches to the cylinder itself at this gap hight.     

Temporal simulation of the wake behind a circular cylinder in the neighborhood of the critical Reynolds number

Summary The two-dimensional flow past a circular cylinder is simulated numerically using a time-dependent finite difference Galerkin method. The temporal evolution of disturbances in the wake of a circular cylinder is examined for the supercritical Reynolds numbers of 55 and 80. After the symmetry condition is relaxed, antisymmetric disturbances emerge in the wake at a pure frequency and at a well-defined exponential growth rate. The predicted critical Reynolds number of 42 is in reasonable agreement with the experimentally determined value of 46. An important aspect of this work examines the stabilizing influence a second smaller cylinder has on the formation of vortex shedding behind the main cylinder. The placement of this second cylinder is shown to completely suppress vortex shedding at a Reynolds number of 55.     

波浪锥型圆柱流固耦合振动机理研究EI北大核心CSCD

为增强及控制无叶片风力俘能结构能量采集效率,该研究将表面结构斜率参数引入波浪型圆柱,发展了一种新型波浪锥型圆柱,试验研究在雷诺数Re=3900下不同波长比、波幅比、斜率参数的波浪锥型圆柱涡激振动响应特性。研究发现:在不同折合流速下,斜率k=0.05的锥型圆柱和波长比λ/D _(m)=1.75、波幅比α/D _(m)=0.10、斜率k=0.05的波浪锥型圆柱最大振幅较直圆柱分别增长26.4%和12.6%,且锁频区间得以拓展;当折合流速在锁频区间内时,在波浪锥型圆柱绕流尾流中观察到了“2S”、“2P”漩涡脱落模式,并且“2P”漩涡脱落模式在往下游发展的过程中有转变为“2C”模式的趋势。该研究可为无叶片风力俘能结构涡致振动的增大和发电效率的提升提供理论支持。     

Dependence of flow characteristics of rectangular cylinders near a wall on the incident velocity

Numerically simulated results are presented for a family of rectangular cylinders with aspect ratios r ₁ (=b/a with height a and width b) ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 (square cylinder) to gain a better insight into the dependency of the aerodynamic characteristics on the operational dimensionless parameters, namely Reynolds number Re and aspect ratio r ₁. This work describes the flow from a long cylinder of rectangular cross-section placed parallel to a wall and subjected to a uniform shear flow. The flow is investigated in the laminar Reynolds number range (based on the incident stream at the cylinder upstream face and the height of the cylinder) at cylinder to wall gap height 0.5 times the cylinder height. The governing unsteady Navier?CStokes equations are solved numerically through a finite volume method on a staggered grid system using QUICK scheme for convective terms. The resulting equations are then solved by an implicit, time-marching, pressure correction-based SIMPLE algorithm for Reynolds number up to 1,000. The critical Reynolds numbers at which vortex shedding from the cylinder is started are specified for both the cases: far from the wall and near to the wall. It is reported that the vortex shedding from the rectangular cylinder of lower aspect ratio r ₁ (???0.25) becomes regular and insensitive to the Reynolds number, while the aerodynamic characteristics of the rectangular cylinders with higher aspect ratio r ₁ (???0.5) are strongly dependent on the Reynolds number.     

直径30cm圆柱的气动力参数和绕流特性研究

为研究光滑圆柱的气动力系数和绕流特性,在均匀流中进行不同风速下的测压风洞试验,试验获得了阻力系数、升力系数、表面风压分布、风压相关性系数、斯托罗哈数等随雷诺数的变化特征,并将试验结果与以往结果进行比较。研究表明:升力系数的脉动值大于阻力系数的脉动值,说明涡脱造成的横风向激励比顺风向紊流激励剧烈;雷诺数位于临界区域时,圆柱表面风压分布呈现出对称-不对称-对称的变化过程,反映了由层流分离转化为湍流分离的全过程;在雷诺数为352000时呈现一侧为层流分离、另一侧为湍流分离的临界流态,风压呈现出左右不对称的单边泡形式;获得层流分离和湍流分离时的表面风压相关性分布特征,层流分离时圆柱同一侧的风压测点均呈较强的正相关,而湍流分离时在分离点前的区域相关性较强,分离点之后的区域相关性较弱;层流分离的升力系数谱有显著的峰值,表明尾流是规则的漩涡脱落,而湍流分离的升力系数谱没有明显峰值,表明尾流是随机的漩涡脱落。