欧洲标准变应原联合化妆品筛选变应原对女性面部皮炎患者的斑贴试验

目的 采用欧洲标准变应原联合化妆品筛选变应原对女性面部皮炎患者进行斑贴试验,筛查主要致敏原.方法 对门诊女性面部皮炎患者采用化妆品筛选变应原联合欧洲标准变应原进行斑贴试验,按国际接触性皮炎研究组推荐标准判读结果.结果 41例女性患者进行了38种化妆品筛选变应原和26种欧洲标准变应原的斑贴试验.其中阳性率最高的化妆品筛选变应原计有乌洛托品(12.20%)、硫柳汞(9.76%)、双咪唑烷基脲(7.32%)及DMDM海因(7.32%),阳性率最高的欧洲标准变应原计有硫酸镍(22.20%)、甲醛(14.63%)、对苯二胺(9.76%)及香料混合物(9.76%).结论 硫酸镍,甲醛、乌洛托品、硫柳汞、对苯二胺、香料混合物、双咪唑烷基脲、DMDM海因等是女性面部皮炎患者主要致敏原.     

秦皇岛地区面部皮炎患者的临床特征及其发病因素的相关分析

目的:探究秦皇岛地区面部皮炎患者的临床特征以及发病的相关因素。方法:选取2017年7月-2019年7月于秦皇岛军工医院皮肤科门诊诊断为面部皮炎的患者186例,由专业医师对所有患者进行现场问卷调查,并对患者进行斑贴试验和皮肤点刺试验。结果:患者临床分型多为接触性皮炎57例(30.65%)和激素依赖性皮炎39例(20.97%)。面部皮损分布多为全面部(45.16%)和面颊部(20.97%),面部临床表现多为红斑(76.34%)和脱屑(52.15%)。自觉症状多为瘙痒(84.41%)和泛红(69.35%);斑贴试验阳性率81.72%,阳性率较高的变应原分别为芳香混合物36例(23.68%)、硫酸镍32例(21.05%)、甲醛29例(19.08%);皮肤点刺试验阳性率32.79%,阳性率较高的过敏原分别为花粉29例(47.54%)、屋尘螨24例(39.34%)、粉尘螨23例(37.70%)。结论:秦皇岛地区面部皮炎患者的临床分型以接触性皮炎和激素依赖性皮炎为主,面部皮损多为全面部和面颊部,面部临床表现多为红斑和脱屑,自觉症状多为瘙痒和泛红。面部皮炎发病因素为:化妆品、香水、沐浴露等日常用品中的芳香混合物,勺子、手表、首饰、拉链等合金中的硫酸镍,房屋装修过程中的甲醛和某些服装厂家使用含甲醛的染色助剂或非法使用甲醛进行防腐处理的海产品等以及花粉、屋尘螨和粉尘螨等。     

欧洲标准变应原联合化妆品筛选变应原对女性面部皮炎患者的斑贴试验

目的采用欧洲标准变应原联合化妆品筛选变应原对女性面部皮炎患者进行斑贴试验,筛查主要致敏原。方法对门诊女性面部皮炎患者采用化妆品筛选变应原联合欧洲标准变应原进行斑贴试验,按国际接触性皮炎研究组推荐标准判读结果。结果41例女性患者进行了38种化妆品筛选变应原和26种欧洲标准变应原的斑贴试验。其中阳性率最高的化妆品筛选变应原计有乌洛托品（12．20％）、硫柳汞（9．76％）、双咪唑烷基脲（7．32％）及DMDM海因（7．32%）,阳性率最高的欧洲标准变应原计有硫酸镍（22．20％）、甲醛（14．63％）、对苯二胺（9．76％）及香料混合物（9．76％）。结论硫酸镍、甲醛、乌洛托品、硫柳汞、对苯二胺、香料混合物、双咪唑烷基脲、DMDM海因等是女性面部皮炎患者主要致敏原。     

苏州工业园区皮炎湿疹类皮肤病斑贴试验结果分析

目的 了解并分析苏州工业园区皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者接触性变应原及其特点。方法 选择2021年 8月-2023年10月就诊于本院皮肤科门诊的102例皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者为研究对象,采用斑贴试验诊断盒 分析患者的接触性变应原情况。结果 102例皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者中,斑贴试验阳性率为43.13%,阳性率 由高至低依次为硫酸镍（21.57%）、氯化钴（16.67%）、重铬酸钾（15.69%）、氯化镍（13.73%）,脂肪酸 硫酸钠（13.73%）等;男女患者的斑贴试验阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。结论 硫酸镍、 氯化钴、重铬酸钾、氯化镍、脂肪酸硫酸钠是苏州工业园区皮炎湿疹类患者的主要接触性致敏原。     

沈阳地区89例湿疹皮炎斑贴试验临床分析

目的 了解沈阳地区湿疹皮炎患者接触性变应原的分布及其特点.方法 收集2008年3～11月诊断为湿疹皮炎患者,应用斑贴试验分析患者接触性变应原.结果 89例检测患者中,25例斑贴试验呈现阳性反应,阳性率为28.09％.对1种变应原致敏阳性者21例(占23.60％),对2种变应原致敏阳性者3例(占3.37％),对3种变应原阳性者0例(占0.00％),对4种及4种以上变应原阳性者1例(占1.12％),阴性者30例(占33.71％).列前4位的常见变应原致敏依次为:硫酸镍、对苯二胺、硫柳汞、芳香混合物.男女斑贴试验阳性率经统计学处理,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).男性患者中阳性率居前3位的变应原是硫酸镍、硫柳汞、甲醛.女性患者中列前3位分别为对苯二胺、硫酸镍、芳香混合物(后2者并列第2).男性患者中硫酸镍、硫柳汞的阳性检出率比女性明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).中青年组与中老年组阳性率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 斑贴试验有助于明确湿疹皮炎患者的接触性变应原,为疾病的预防及治疗有一定的提示及参考意义.     

面部皮炎患者123例斑贴试验分析

目的：回顾分析笔者科室123例面部皮炎患者斑贴试验结果,以明确常见致敏化妆品成分及所致疾病种类.方法：对笔者科室门诊以“面部皮炎”为表现的患者进行化妆品系列变应原斑贴试验（49种变应原）,按国际接触性皮炎研究组推荐标准判读结果,并对结果进行统计分析.结果：共回顾分析123例面部皮炎患者斑贴试验结果,试验阳性患者79例,阳性率64.2％;排在前3位的致敏物质主要是乳化剂和防腐剂：山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯（13.82％）、卡松CG （8.94％）、阿莫醇（5.69％）;临床诊断中炎症性疾病,如：接触性皮炎、敏感皮肤、激素依赖性皮炎等斑贴试验阳性率80％,而色素异常性疾病,如：黑变病等阳性率约60％.结论：化妆品中山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯、卡松CG等是引起化妆品接触性皮炎的主要致敏成分,导致多种炎症性皮肤病和色素异常性皮肤病的发生.     

健康人群镍斑贴试验研究

目的:了解健康人群镍接触过敏情况。方法:对38名健康志愿者进行人体皮肤封闭型硫酸镍斑贴试验。结果:38名受试者中,8名(21.05%)镍斑贴试验阳性。其中,男性阳性率为14.29%(1/7),女性阳性率为22.58%(7/31)。男性与女性的镍斑贴试验阳性率比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:镍接触过敏在健康人群中很常见,重视镍过敏相关教育,对预防镍变应性接触性皮炎有重要的意义。     

L~﹡a~﹡b~﹡色度系统评估硫酸镍斑贴试验结果分析

目的:了解硫酸镍斑贴试验不同结果对L~﹡a~﹡b~﹡色度系统变化的影响。方法:对38名健康志愿者进行人体皮肤封闭型硫酸镍斑贴试验。将2.5%硫酸镍斑试器用胶带贴敷在受试者上背部,同时设空白对照,封包24h后揭去斑试物。分别于试验前(D0)、揭去斑试物后0.5h(D1)、24h(D2)对皮肤反应结果进行临床评估及皮肤颜色L~﹡a~﹡b~﹡值测定。结果:38例受试者中8例在D1和(或)D2时临床评估为阳性。镍斑贴试验阴性组、空白对照组受试者D1、D2时皮肤色度L~﹡值、b~﹡值及a~﹡值较D0均无明显变化;斑贴试验阳性组D1、D2时皮肤色度a~﹡值分别为10.64±1.90和13.22±1.92,较D0时皮肤色度a~﹡值7.80±2.49明显升高(P=0.000)。结论:硫酸镍斑贴诱发的接触性皮炎模型中,L~﹡a~﹡b~﹡色度系统a~﹡值能反映皮肤发生炎症后的红斑变化,可作为评估接触性皮炎的客观评价参数。     

化妆品原物斑贴试验在诊断化妆品皮肤病中的作用评价

目的:分析2003～2007年北京地区化妆品皮肤病不良反应的发生情况特点,探讨化妆品原物斑贴试验在诊断化妆品皮肤病中的作用.方法:对来自空军总医院皮肤科门诊的1 156例化妆品皮肤病患者,进行了2 967种化妆品原物斑贴试验,汇总数据并进行分析.结果:1 156例患者中有557例斑贴试验呈阳性结果,约占总人数的48.18%,599例斑贴试验呈阴性结果,约占试验总人数的51.58%;752种化妆品(557例)斑贴试验呈阳性反应,约占25.36%,9种化妆品斑贴试验呈强阳性反应,约占0.3%,1种化妆品斑贴试验呈极强阳性反应,约占0.03%.结论:我们认为使用患者所用的化妆品原物进行斑贴试验在临床诊断化妆品皮肤病是一项有价值的指标.     

化妆品皮肤损伤989例分析

目的 探讨化妆品皮肤损伤状况和病因及发生规律。方法 对989例化妆品皮肤损伤进行了临床观察，并用辨敏牌标准筛选斑贴试验试剂盒对患者做斑贴试验。结果 临床表现主要为接触性皮炎(70．58％)，其次是色素沉着(11．02％)、痤疮样损害(7．99％)、光感性皮炎(1．01％)、混合性皮损(9．40％)。可疑致病化妆品种类189种。989例患者中阳性者653例，阳性率66．03％。结论 斑贴试验对接触性皮炎、色素沉着类化妆品皮肤损伤有确定的指导、防治意义，化妆品皮肤损伤应进行斑贴试验。     

Allergic contact dermatitis: patch testing results at Mount Sinai Medical Center

Patch testing is an important diagnostic tool commonly used to identify allergens responsible for allergic contact dermatitis, especially in cases where the diagnosis is not clearly apparent. The authors report the patch test results from 2004-2008 and compare the results with the North American Contact Dermatitis Group and Mayo Clinic. Four hundred thirty-four patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis underwent standardized patch testing with a tray consisting of 50 allergens at Mount Sinai Medical Center. Two hundred ninety patients (66.8%) had positive reactions to at least one allergen. The most frequent contact allergens included nickel sulfate (13%), fragrance mix (9.6%), propylene glycol (7.8%), neomycin sulfate (6.6%), thimerosal (6.4%), bacitracin (6.2%), and sodium gold thiosulfate (5.8%).     

Contact sensitivity in patients with venous leg ulcer: A multi‐centric Indian study

Venous leg ulcers are the most common form of non‐healing leg ulcers. They are subjected to treatments such as topical medications, dressings, and compression therapies. This can lead to exposure to a number of allergens with subsequent sensitisation and contact dermatitis of the regional skin. This may contribute to the poor ulcer healing. To detect the various contact sensitisers in patients with venous leg ulcers through patch testing, patients from 6 centres across India with venous leg ulcers of longer than 6 weeks duration were enrolled for the study. They were patch tested using a special parch test kit with 27 antigens. A total of 172 patients were included in the study; 82 (48.2%) tested positive for at least 1 antigen. Among them, polyvalent sensitisation was noted in 71% of patients. Wood tar mix (10.4%) and the framycetin (8.7%) were the most common allergens. There is a high frequency of allergic sensitisation to various ingredients of topical therapies used in the venous ulcer management, which may interfere with wound healing. Avoiding them can help obtain a better therapeutic outcome.     

Contact allergens in a pediatric population: association with atopic dermatitis and comparison with other north american referral centers

Objective: The authors aimed to retrospectively identify associations between allergen sensitization frequencies and specific comorbidities in a patient population in Miami, Florida, tested between November 2004 and July 2006 with a pediatric standard series and to compare their findings to recent pediatric and adult patch testing data published by other North American referral centers. Design: The authors performed a retrospective chart review evaluating the most common, clinically relevant contact allergens against the frequency of specific comorbidities, such as atopic dermatitis. The results were compared with the patch testing data from the Ottawan Contact Dermatitis Group's 1996-2006 study, the North American Contact Dermatitis Group 2001-2004 study, and the Mayo Clinic 1998-2000 study and the 2000-2006 study. Setting: University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Participants: Sixty-nine Miami children and adolescents between age six months and 18 years, having been referred for comprehensive patch testing. Measurements: The frequency of positive patch test reactions and clinical relevance was evaluated against the frequency of comorbidities. Results: Forty-five patients met all the inclusion criteria. Of these, 95.6 percent (43 patients) had at least one positive patch test reaction, with 76.7 percent of them having a personal history of atopic dermatitis. The most common pediatric allergens were found to significantly overlap with those of other North American referral centers. Conclusions: Allergic contact dermatitis is prevalent in atopic dermatitis; however, the authors were not able to demonstrate a statistically significant association, as the majority of patients referred had atopic dermatitis, and thus the control group was inadequate. Furthermore, allergens at the Miami center paralleled those seen at different centers within North America.     

141例化妆品接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验结果分析

目的：检测分析化妆品接触性皮炎患者常见的致敏原种类,为其防治提供依据。方法：2009年10月～2011年2月,对临床诊断的141例化妆品接触性皮炎病例采用患者自用可疑化妆品和欧洲标准27种系列抗原进行斑贴测试;对测试数据进行统计学分析和比较。结果：患者对可疑化妆品斑贴阳性率48.22%（68/141）,阳性反应化妆品为45.69%（90/197）,导致患者阳性率高的化妆品依次是：香体喷雾（80,%44/55,）祛斑霜（56,%14/25）,水剂产品（38.89,%7/18）,清洁用品（31.58,%6/19）和护肤面霜（乳）（25.62,%31/121）。141例患者对欧洲标准27种系列抗原中至少1种过敏者123例,总阳性率87.2%;引起阳性率高的过敏源是：重铬酸钾（43.97%）、硫酸镍（43.26%）、氯化钴（36.17%）、对羟基苯甲酸类混合物（23.40%）、香料混合物（20.57%）、甲基二溴戊二腈（16.31%）、4-苯二胺碱基（15.60%）、苯唑卡因（14.90%）、甲醛（14.89%）、5-氯-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉（13.48%）、芳香混合物Ⅱ（10.64%）。结论：化妆品原料中精炼不良带入的重金属、混合防腐剂、混和香料等是化妆品接触性皮炎的可能过敏源。     

An unusual presentation of a common condition: Allergic contact dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis commonly affects patients with chronic venous leg ulcers and can contribute to impaired wound healing. Many allergens have been identified, and despite the use of advanced dressings, the incidence of allergy has remained high. We discuss an unusual presentation of allergic contact dermatitis in a patient with a chronic wound. The patient's history was consistent with a recurrent venous leg ulcer, but on this occasion, the wound continued to deteriorate despite optimal treatment. This prompted further investigation, which included patch testing. Although the clinical features were not suggestive of allergy, the patch test was positive for several allergens, including Atrauman^® dressings, which the patient was using at the time. This case highlights the importance of regular reassessment and accurate diagnosis for the management of chronic wounds. It also demonstrates that allergic contact dermatitis can contribute to delayed wound healing without causing the classical clinical features of inflammation of the surrounding skin, and even hypoallergenic, non‐adherent dressings can be sensitising.     

Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Patch Testing Beyond the TRUE Test

Epicutaneous patch testing is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. Despite this knowledge, many clinical dermatologists do not offer patch testing in their offices or offer testing with only a limited number of allergens. Introduced in 1995, the Thin-Layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous Test originally contained 23 allergens and one control. In 2007, five additional allergens were added. This United States Food and Drug Administration-approved patch testing system made patch testing more convenient, and after its introduction, more dermatologists offered patch testing services. However, the number of allergens in the Thin-Layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous Test remains relatively low. Every two years, the North American Contact Dermatitis Group collects and reports the data from patch testing among its members to a standardized series of allergens. In 2005-2006, the Group used a series of 65 allergens. Of the top 30 allergens reported in 2005-2006, 10 were not included in the Thin-Layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous Test. Knowledge of and testing for additional allergens such as these may increase patch testing yield.