共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 59 毫秒
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南渡江三角洲海岸泥沙纵向运移与岸滩演变的响应 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
南渡三角洲沿岸在盛行NNE向波浪等动力条件的作用下,泥沙产生纵向运移,岸滩遭受侵蚀或堆积,岸滩演变剧烈。本文利用基于网格的波注折射绕射模型,分析南渡江三角洲海岸波浪动力过程、破波带波能与辐射应力分布及其引起的沿岸泥沙纵向运称。浴海岸动力学地貌的角度,通过三角洲沿岸波浪动力特征、泥沙运动的分析,探讨沙质岸滩的动态与地貌演变。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲区域水动力条件下岸滩侵蚀研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
An ideal nature system for the study of post-depositional submarine mass changing under wave loading was selected in the intertidal platform of the subaqueous Huanghe River Delta, a delta formed during period from 1964 to 1976 as the Huanghe River discharged into the Bohai Gulf by Diaokou distributary. A road embankment constructed for petroleum recovery on the inter-tidal platform in 1995 induced the essential varieties of hydrodynamic conditions on the both sides of the road. With both sides sharing similarities in (1) initial sedimentary environment, (2) energetic wave loading, (3) differential hydrodynamic conditions in later stages, (4) enough long-range action, and (5) extreme shallow water inter-tidal platforms; the study is representative and feasible as well. Two study sites were selected on each side of the road, and a series of measurements, samplings, laboratory experiments have been carried out, including morphometry, hydrodynamic conditions, sediment properties, granularity composition, and fractal dimension calculation of the topography in the two adjacent areas. It was observed that in the outer zone, where wave loading with high magnitude prevailed, the tidal flat was bumpy and exhibited a high erosion rate and high fractal dimension. Further, the fractal dimension diminished quickly, keeping with the enlarging of calculative square size. However in the inner zone, where the hydrodynamic condition was weak, the tidal fiat was fiat and exhibited a low erosion rate and low fractal dimensions; the fractal dimension diminished with the enlarging of calcu- lative square size. The fractal dimensions in the different hydrodynamic areas equalized increasingly as the calculative square size accreted to threshold, indicating that the hydrodynamic condition plays a significant role in topography construction and submarine delta erosion process. Additionally, the later differentiation of sediment properties, granularity composition, microstructure characteristics, and mineral composition 相似文献
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黄河三角洲北部海岸地下岸坡蚀退过程及主要特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
周永青 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1998,18(3):79-85
黄河三角洲海岸以其独特的成因,演化有别于其它海岸,本文通过对黄河三角洲北部海岸水下岸坡不同时期地形变化对比,展示了在侵蚀阶段潮间带蚀退变化的特征、潮下带斜坡准平衡带的形成及演化,并就其成因和发展作了探讨。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲北部海岸水下岸坡蚀退过程及主要特征 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
周永青 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1998,(3)
黄河三角洲海岸以其独特的成因、演化有别于其它海岸,本文通过对黄河三角洲北部海岸水下岸坡不同时期地形变化对比,展示了在侵蚀阶段潮间带蚀退变化的特征、潮下带斜坡准平衡带的形成及演化,并就其成因和发展作了探讨。 相似文献
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基于1959、1979、2010、2013年4个年份的水深资料,采用地理信息技术,研究了1959—2013年间宁波镇海沿岸海域的岸线变化、特征等深线分布变化及剖面变化,并定量计算了水下岸坡的冲淤变化.结果表明,在这54 a间,岸线持续向海推进约3~5 km,0、3、5 m等深线总体上也向海推进,幅度约330~5 600 m;但由于0 m等深线的推进速率小于岸线,因此干出滩面积锐减.相应的,不同时段水下岸坡的淤积速率分别为0. 46、2. 82、14. 14 cm/a,说明该水下岸坡经历了冲淤基本平衡—轻微淤积—较快淤积的调整过程.结合实测水文泥沙资料,探讨了水下岸坡的冲淤原因和动态趋势,得到了杭州湾南岸大规模围垦工程会维持并加快水下岸坡淤积的结论. 相似文献
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多年来山东半岛大范围开采海砂对海岸线造成了巨大破坏,加剧了波浪对海岸的侵蚀,造成海岸线后退。通过取样分析了海床沉积物的中值粒径和分选系数分布特征,在野外调查的基础上得到沉积物类型和黏土含量分布情况。通过布设测站实测数据总结了近海海域含沙量和单宽输沙量特点,并基于悬浮泥沙遥感反演分析了近海海域含沙量分布规律。最后,通过分析泥沙来源和运移趋势,对海床冲淤情况进行了演变分析,得出了海岸线变化过程。自20世纪50年代以来现状海岸线已后退约500m且仍处于侵蚀后退状态,本研究为海岸线修复提供基础技术支撑和依据。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲海岸侵蚀与防护技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
黄河过去每年平均有lO亿多吨泥沙入海,淤积塑造了黄河三角洲,然而20世纪90年代以来由于水沙锐减甚至断流干河,造成海岸严重蚀退。分析了黄河三角洲目前海岸蚀退的3种状况;推荐采用水力插板柱坝新技术建设防潮堤;提出了黄河三角洲海岸工程建设应注意的问题。 相似文献
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黄河水下三角洲沉积物输运及海底冲淤研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据黄河水下三角洲的特点,建立了一个垂直平均二维沉积物输运数学模型,结合潮流和沉积物资料,模拟研究了沉积物输运机制和海底冲淤演变过程。模拟结果表明,垂直河口射流的潮流决定了本区沉积物净输运的总体格局,风应力对悬浮泥沙和推移质泥沙运动也起到重要作用。潮流底应力和活动层厚度分布表明,黄河口门和埕岛油田附近海域是潮流底应力和活动层厚度高值区,为沉积物活跃区,海底稳定性弱,易于侵蚀再搬运。冲淤计算表明,埕岛油田附近海域为冲刷中心区;现在河口水下三角洲在断流时为冲刷区,正常行河时则转为淤积区。 相似文献
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现代黄河三角洲潮滩原状沉积物冲刷试验 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在海岸防护工程决策中,沉积物的抗冲能力成为需要考虑的重要因素之一。以2004年4月在黄河三角洲北部海岸高潮滩取得的一个30 m沉积物柱状样为例,在测定沉积物的结构、颗粒组成、密度、含水率等基础上,进行了分层沉积物的冲刷试验。结果表明,沉积物临界起动切应力与含水率、中值粒径成一定的负相关关系,与粘土含量呈显著正相关关系,同一类型沉积物的临界起动切应力与密度成一定的正相关关系。同时,近表层沉积物抗冲性最差,9.1~13.5 m深度存在抗冲性较强的沉积层。沉积物的颗粒组成、结构、密度、含水率等决定了冲刷率与剪应力的变化关系。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲孤东及新滩海岸侵蚀机制研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
黄河三角洲孤东及新滩地区是黄河1976年以来清水沟流路河口新淤积的滩涂地带。根据孤东及新滩海域1997—2003年16个海岸剖面的实测地形资料以及利津水文站的水沙资料,阐述了黄河口尾闻改道清8出汉后,孤东及新潍海岸剖面的冲淤演变过程,并从动力地貌的角度对其冲淤过程和机制做了重点研究.结果表明,1998年以后,除新口门附近轻微淤积,其它岸段均遭到不同程度的侵蚀.清水沟老河口附近剖面表现为上冲下淤的侵蚀类型;其余侵蚀剖面形态则表现为均衡侵蚀型.近年来黄河入海水沙量的减少以及1996年河口流路的改变,调整了入海水沙、海洋动力和海岸地形之间的动态平衡,海洋动力相对增强,从而导致海岸侵蚀后退。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲飞雁滩海岸的侵蚀与机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
飞雁滩海域是1964—1976 年黄河刁口河流路入海区域。根据地形和断面水深监测资料,阐述了该岸段流路废弃后的岸滩侵蚀特征和地貌变化。研究结果表明,刁口河流路废弃后飞雁滩海岸向海凸出的地形特征,是造成该岸段强烈侵蚀的重要原因。进一步结合波、流动力的对应分析认为,波浪以掀沙为主,潮流以输沙为主,波浪和潮流的联合作用是飞雁滩海岸侵蚀的主要动力机制,其中潮流主要通过余流携沙外输,造成近岸泥沙亏损。 相似文献
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现代黄河三角洲海岸的冲淤及造陆速率 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了现代黄河三角洲海岸带不同时期(1855—1934、1934—1976、1976—2001年)及现今的冲淤速率。探讨了黄河三角洲海岸带不同时期的造陆速率。1976年以前的造陆速率,主要由于黄河的输沙造成,1976年以后的造陆速率,除黄河的输沙因素外,海岸带的人类活动也起了重要作用。 相似文献
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现代黄河水下三角洲土体工程性质及固结沉降特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现代黄河水下三角洲沉积速度快,具有含水量高、密度低的特点,极易因固结压实产生沉降,从而导致地形变化。本文通过收集位于现代黄河水下三角洲的2个钻孔资料,分析了2个钻孔的工程性质,计算了土体的最终固结沉降量和沉降速率。结果表明,由于黄河改道及钻孔所在位置不同,2个钻孔的10m以浅沉积物有明显的差异,ZK-1的表层沉积物有明显的粗化现象,相应的工程性质也有所差别;根据Terzaghi一维固结理论,计算得到ZK-1和ZK-2孔的最终固结沉降量分别为2.08和1.70m,单位厚度土体的沉降量在0.2~9.6cm/m之间;土体达到稳定状态大约需要15~20a,厚度50m以内土体的平均沉降速率为6.5~8.5cm/a。 相似文献
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Sediment source and transport trends are influenced by various hydrodynamic factors, and thus play important roles in sedimentary evolution and coastal stability. To examine sediment transport trends around the abandoned Yellow River delta promontory and its erosion mechanism, we employ empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to study sedimentary characteristics and transport trends of the abandoned Yellow River delta in northern Jiangsu Province, China. The results showed that: (1) the main sediment source in the abandoned Yellow River delta is the submarine coastal slope and both sides of the abandoned Yellow River Delta; (2) the main hydrodynamics controlling sediment transport is the current that runs along the shore, coupled with waves, especially southward currents; (3) the sediment of the study area was redistributed under hydrodynamics; coarse sediments were eroded and broadly transported to the south. Therefore, it is concluded that the sediment sources and transport have important influence on coastal evolution: the sediment source area shows mass loss of deposits and erosion; deposits in the submarine coastal slope provide the source and were continuously eroded to provide materials to other places as a sediment source. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the development and evolution of modem Yellow River delta and the erosion or deposition rates of its different sections. In June, 1996.Yellow Rivers terminal course was artificially turned eastwards to empty into the sea and then the 1 lth lobe of the modem Yellow River delta began to form. This course change may mark the beginning of the 3rd subdelta formation. As a result of that. the Yellow River delta advances towards east by north with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd subdeltas arranged in succession. Coast zone in the deltaic area is divided into 7 different sections according to their different erosion or deposition rates: the relatively stable section from Dakou River to Shunjiang Stream, the weakly retreating section from Shunjiang Stream to the Tiaohe River mouth, the strongly retreating section from the Tiaohe River mouth to the station 106. the artificially stable section due to stone dam protection from the station 106 to Gudong Oilfield, the strong deposition section from Gudong Oilfield to Dawenliu Haipu, the weakly deposition section from Dawenliu Haipu to the Zimai Stream mouth, and the stable section from the Zimai Stream mouth to the Jiaolai River mouth. It is predicted that the erosion and deposition situations of the sections will nearly remain the same in 10 years, but the retreating and silting-up rates will tend to become slower gradually. Human activities have an evident influence on the changes of the coastline. 相似文献