半全局立体匹配算法的改进研究

针对半全局立体匹配中单一 Census 精度不足且边缘区域视差效果较差的问题,提出一种基于颜色差信息 BTCensus 和加入分割约束的半全局匹配算法。首先该算法采用联合三通道 BT 算法和 Census 变换的计算方式实现代价计算,缓解重复纹理歧义并提高不连续区域配精度;同时将图像分割得到的场景信息作为约束对代价聚合函数进行改进,保证割块内部的纹理平滑,提高边界纹理区域的匹配精度;最后引入图像分割信息进行分步中值滤波,平滑视差图。实验表明,该算法在重复纹理区域、视差不连续区域和弱纹理区域都取得了较好的视差效果,可获得高匹配率的视差图。     

基于极线距离变换的人脸立体匹配算法

针对人脸立体匹配中低纹理区域的误匹配率较高的问题,将极线距离变换应用到人脸立体匹配当中。这种变换将图像中像素点的灰度值转化为极线方向上相应区域的位置,使得在低纹理区域中灰度值相似的像素点变得容易区分。因此可以用于提高立体匹配算法在低纹理区域的匹配精度。但是在应用到人脸立体匹配过程中会出现高纹理区域的鲁棒性和精度下降的问题,通过对不同极线长度的极线距离变换结果提取有利的部分进行匹配来解决这一问题。实验结果表明,采用改进后的方法,在人脸的低纹理区域仍然能获得较高的匹配精度,并且降低了计算的复杂度,同时对于人脸中的高纹理区域具有较好的鲁棒性。     

融合多尺度信息的各向异性立体匹配

针对传统立体匹配算法准确率低且在弱纹理区域存在误匹配的问题，提出融合多尺度信息的各向异性立体匹配算法(ASMSI)。首先构造各向异性的匹配代价计算函数，将梯度和相角信息引入代价计算过程中用于剔除弱纹理区域的离群点；随后采用融合多尺度信息十字交叉代价聚合计算每个支持域内的匹配代价；进一步经赢家通吃策略生成初始视差图；在此基础上进行左右一致性检测及后处理得到精修后的视差图；最后通过仿真实验对比图像中非遮挡、深度不连续区域的误匹配率和运行时间来评价算法模型。实验结果表明：所提算法能有效解决弱纹理区域的误匹配问题，使匹配准确率提高了5.02%,能够满足立体匹配过程中高效率、高精度的要求。     

摄影测量中单一纹理的立体匹配方法研究

综合边缘检测、极线几何和立体图像边缘的相关性确定图像的匹配约束和搜索范围,对相应区域进行由粗到精的渐次匹配,通过全局松弛和滤波得到高密度高质量的视差图.实验证明该方法提高了匹配效率,一定程度上消除了单一纹理的影响,所得结果可用于机械零件的三维重建.     

摄影测量中单一纹理的立体匹配方法研究

综合边缘检测、极线几何和立体图像边缘的相关性确定图像的匹配约束和搜索范围,对相应区域进行由粗到精的渐次匹配,通过全局松弛和滤波得到高密度高质量的视差图。实验证明该方法提高了匹配效率,一定程度上消除了单一纹理的影响,所得结果可用于机械零件的三维重建。
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加权支持域硬件友好型立体匹配技术

为了准确获取实际场景中的深度信息,本文通过引入空间距离权重,提出了同时考虑局部区域相似度和接近度的加权支持域立体匹配方法。首先,对输入图像进行滤波,去除图像中的噪声,并通过Mini-Census变换求取Hamming距离。然后,建立加权支持域,求取代价累积;进而通过winner-take-all方法求取最小匹配代价和原始视差图。最后,对原始视差图进行细化处理,得到优化的视差图,并反演出空间的深度分布。实验结果表明,利用该算法在不同光照、不同场景下均能够正确地产生视差图;对标准数据库图片进行处理时,平均错误率仅为6.77%。该算法有效地降低了计算复杂度,具有计算精度高、适应性强、鲁棒性好、便于硬件实现等特点,可为高精度实时立体匹配专用处理硬件的设计和实现提供基础。     

利用平面约束的月球车立体匹配

为了满足月球车视觉系统检测障碍物的时效性和可靠性需求,提出了一种基于平面约束和自适应惩罚参数的半全局立体匹配算法。首先,对极线校正后的两幅图像进行SIFT特征点提取与匹配,同时提取边缘特征;然后,利用匹配的SIFT特征点拟合空间平面,并根据平面估计左右图像所有像素点的视差搜索范围;最后,基于传统的半全局匹配算法,采用自适应惩罚参数对左右图像进行立体匹配。实验结果表明:所提出的算法有效地降低了计算复杂度,其计算复杂度只有传统方法的19.9%,对于视差不连续区域以及遮挡区域都能够获得正确的匹配结果。较传统半全局匹配方法无论在速度还是匹配精度上都得到明显提高,为立体匹配的实际应用奠定了基础。     

利用平面约束的月球车立体匹配方法

为了满足月球车视觉系统对检测障碍物检测的时效性和可靠性的需求,提出了一种基于平面约束和自适应惩罚参数的半全局立体匹配算法。首先,对极线校正后的两幅图像进行SIFT特征点提取与匹配,同时提取边缘特征;然后,利用匹配的SIFT特征点拟合空间平面,并根据平面估计左右图像所有像素点的视差搜索范围;最后,基于传统的半全局匹配算法,采用自适应惩罚参数的策略对左右图像进行立体匹配。实验结果表明：所提出的算法有效地降低了计算复杂度,其计算复杂度只有传统方法的19.9%,对于视差不连续区域以及遮挡区域都能够获得正确的匹配结果。较传统半全局匹配方法无论在速度还是匹配精度上都得到明显提高,为对立体匹配的实际应用奠定了基础。     

利用自适应窗口实现不连续保护立体匹配

摘 要：针对计算机视觉中图像对应点的误匹配问题,提出了一种以扫描线优化为能量最小化框架,以最佳自适应窗口为匹配基元的立体匹配算法。该算法首先采用一种融合亮度和梯度信息的非相似度,然后通过平均匹配误差、匹配误差方差及较大窗口的偏移组成的窗口代价函数选取每个视差的最佳窗口作为匹配基元,并利用扫描线优化法及视差变化伴随亮度变化的约束寻找一条最优的匹配路径,最后通过回溯最佳路径得到稠密的视差图。实验结果表明,所提算法不仅能够保留基于自适应窗口的匹配算法能较好地处理大的低纹理区域和视差不连续区域的优点,而且可以加强相邻匹配基元间的视差连续性,从而获得更平滑、准确的视差图,另外所提算法的计算量比原有算法缩短了约3/ 4 。     

基于改进Census变换的图像立体匹配算法研究

针对传统的 Census 区域匹配算法过分依赖窗口中心像素信息,导致算法受到噪声干扰时匹配精度降低的问题,提出一种基于改进 Census 变换的匹配算法.采用局部像素反差值为中心像素选择的评判标准,对传统的 Census 变换进行改进,增强了窗口像素信息的利用,提高了算法对像素值突变的适应性,使算法有更好的鲁棒性;代价聚合阶段采用引导图滤波算法并结合多尺度聚合模型,增强平坦区域像素间的区分度;采用 win-take-all 算法选取最优视差值,完成视差计算;采用区域投票策略和中值滤波算法完成视差精化.利用该改进算法对 Middlebury 平台提供的标准图像进行实验,实验结果表明该算法较传统Census 算法有较好的抗噪能力和立体匹配精度.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...