Preparation and Performance of Al2 TiO5 -TiO2 -SiO2 Honeycomb Ceramics by Doping Rare Earth

A preferable honeycomb ceramics of Al2TiO5-TiO2-SiO2 doped by CeO2 and Er2O3 with high performance was prepared by means of extrusion molding and the effects of CeO2 and Er2O3 on the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and sintering temperature of ATS ceramics were mainly investigated. The experimental results and the microscopic analysis by scanning electron microscope, X-ray powder diffxaction, and TG-DSC showed that adding CeO2 and Er2O3 into ATS could prohibit the growth of their crystal grains and make their size uniform, which finally decrease its sintering temperature, and also enhance its mechanical performance as well as thermal stability. After the reforming, ATS doped by 0.5% CeO2 ＋0.5% Er2O3 was sintered at 1250 ℃, its bending strength reached to 177A MPa and thermal expansion coefficient was 3.8 ~ 10^-6/℃ at 25 - 1000℃, which provided a promising basis of making monolithic honeycomb catalyst of deNOx.     

Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

Preparation of Cordierite Ceramic Using Mixtures of Ce4+-Modified Amorphous Powder and Oxide Powders

The cordierite ceramic with a high strength and a low thermal expansion coefficient was prepared by using mixtures of Ce4 -modified cordierite amorphous powder and oxide powders of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 as starting materials. The transformation procedure of the powders was analyzed by XRD method and the surface morphology of ceramics was examined by SEM method. The flexural strength was measured in a mechanical property testing machine using the Three-Point-Bending sample. Experimental results show that the ceramic added with 10%(mass fraction) of Ce4 -modified amorphous powder is composed of α-cordierite and small amount of CeO2 particles, and has a porosity of 15%(volume fraction) and a flexural strength of 32.6 MPa when sintered at 1350 ℃ for 3 h. It is suggested that this low-cost process is suitable for preparing the components such as supports of vehicle exhaust converters and diesel particulate trappers.     

Effect of CeO2 on Electrical Properties of （Nb, Mn）-Doped TiO2 Varistor Ceramics

Varistor ceramics are a class of semiconductor de-vices with high non-linearity in their current-voltage(V-I)characteristics.Among these,ZnO varistor isthe most typical material and is commercially used asvoltage suppressor to protect electronic componentsand power systems[1~4].However,ZnOis a kind ofpure resistance component and has low permittivity,high dielectric dissipation,lowresponse speed,andpoor ability to absorb high frequency noise and pulsesurge.Soits applicationis restrictedin el…     

CuO-TiO_2对多孔氧化铝陶瓷支撑体性能的影响

以α-Al2O3为骨料,羧甲基纤维素(CMC)为造孔剂和粘结剂,丙三醇为润滑剂和增塑剂,CuO-TiO_2为烧结助剂,采用挤压成形和固态粒子烧结法制备管式多孔氧化铝陶瓷支撑体。通过X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、抗折强度测试等,研究CuO-TiO_2对氧化铝陶瓷支撑体的晶相组成与微观形貌、孔隙率、抗折强度、耐酸/碱腐蚀等性能的影响。结果表明:TiO_2与Al2O3固相反应生成Al2TiO5,并生成大量正离子空位而提高扩散系数,促进氧化铝陶瓷的致密化,同时CuO的液相润湿作用使TiO_2的固溶温度降低,生成液相低共熔物CuAl2O4,进而实现低温烧结。当TiO_2与CuO的添加量(质量分数)分别为3%和1.5%、烧结温度为1200℃时,获得孔隙率为33%、抗折强度104.4MPa、酸/碱腐蚀后的质量损失率为0.02%/0.09%的性能优异的管式多孔氧化铝陶瓷支撑体。     

Effect of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 on Sintering and Mechanical Behaviors of Alumina Ceramics

The effects of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 doping on the sintering temperature, microstructure and mechanical behaviors of Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the sintering temperature can be decreased and the mechanical behavior can be improved by adding rare earth in alumina ceramics. The relative density of rare-earthdoped alumina ceramics reaches 98.8% after sintering at 1600 ℃ for 2 h, and its bending strength and fracture toughness reach 439 MPa and 5.28 MPa·m1/2,respectively.Introduction of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 in Al2O3 can restrain the growth of grains, refine the size of grains, and thus form a fine-grained structure. The fracture characteristic is the mixed modes of intergranular and transgranular fracture.     

Dielectric Properties of CeO2 -Doped Ba( Zr, Ti)O3 Ceramics

The influence of additive amount of CeO2 on the properties of Ba(Ti, Zr)O3 (BTZ) capacitor ceramics prepared using conventional solid-state reaction method was investigated. The dielectric constant(ε) increases to a maximum when w( CeO2 ) is about 1.0% and then decreases again at higher doping concentration of CeO2. The dielectric constant gets a maximum while w ( CeO2 ) is about 1. 0%, and the dielectric loss is minimum while w ( CeO2 ) is0.5 %. CeO2 can decrease the curie temperature, widen the εr-T peak and decrease the absolute value of dielectric constant temperature coefficient. The influence mechanism of CeO2 additive on the properties of the BTZ ceramics was discussed. The results show that CeO2 additive influences the properties of BTZ ceramics by means of forming defect solid solution , shifting curie temperature peak effect, segregating in crystal boundary , and impeding grain growth.     

A novel catalyst of silicon cerium complex oxides for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3

A series of CeO2/SiO2 and SixCe1-xO2 complex oxides supported on an activated Al2TiO5-TiO2-SiO2 complex phase (ATS) ceramics were prepared by step impregnation and co-impregnation methods, and characterized by N2-BET, XRD, SEM and NH3-TPD techniques. The effects of reaction temperature, CeO2/SiO2 loadings and Si/Ce molar ratio on the granular catalysts for NO selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) were studied. Results indicated that both CeO2/SiO2/ATS and CeO2/ATS catalysts showed the same ac...     

CeO2对Fe2O3压团焙烧行为及强度的影响

在 Fe2 O3试剂中添加CeO2制成压团试样，对其进行预热及焙烧，利用 X射线衍射、DSC和 SEM相结合的方法，研究CeO2含量对试样抗压强度的影响机理。结果表明，在975℃预热压团中形成了Ce-Fe-O 固溶体，使Fe2 O3晶粒间的连接增强，预热压团强度增大；在1250℃焙烧压团中Ce-Fe-O 固溶体发生了脱溶和分解，析出的高熔点氧化物CeO2存在于 Fe2 O3晶粒间，阻碍了 Fe2 O3晶粒之间的连晶生长，使焙烧压团的强度随 CeO2含量增多而降低。     

稀土氧化物复合ZrO2陶瓷的制备及应用研究进展

稀土氧化物可作为稳定剂、烧结助剂、掺杂改性剂加入到ZrO₂陶瓷材料中,能极大地提高和改善陶瓷材料的强度、韧性,降低其烧结温度,减少生产成本.文中简要综述了稀土氧化物ZrO₂陶瓷材料的制备及应用研究状况,包括Y₂O₃复合ZrO₂陶瓷粉体、富铈稀土氧化物复合ZrO₂陶瓷粉末、Nd₂O₃复合ZrO₂陶瓷材料、Pr₂O₃\Pr₆O₁₁复合ZrO₂陶瓷、La₂O₃复合ZrO₂陶瓷、Yb₂O₃复合ZrO₂陶瓷、Sm₂O₃复合ZrO₂陶瓷材料及氧化锆中掺杂多种稀土氧化物陶瓷粉体的制备和应用,分析讨论了一些需要解决的问题,并展望了稀土复合ZrO₂陶瓷制备技术及未来研究发展趋势.      

Application of Glass Sealant for SOFC

Glass and glass-ceramic materials were investigated as SOFC seals at 800 ～ 850 ℃. The material was based on the glass and glass-ceramic in the BaO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-La2O3-B2O3 system. The sealant has a minimum thermal expansion mismatch with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)electrolyte and Ni/gYSZ for the anode. The sealant has a superior stability during the process of operation in SOFC and can withstand thermal shock during the process of thermal cycling. The results show that the BaO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-La2O3-B2O3 system sealant can be used as sealing materials for SOFC.     

Effect of Y2O3, CeO2 on Sintering Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics

The effect of rare earth oxides Y203 or Ce02 on sintering properties of Si3N4 ceramics was studied and the mechanism of assisting action during sintering was analyzed. The results in dicate that the best sintering properties appear in Si3N4 ceramics with 5% Y203 or 8% CeO2. Secondary crystallites are formed at grain boundaries after heat treatment,which decreases the amount of glass phase and contributes to the improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties of silicon nitride.     

Study on analysis of crystal structure in CeO₂ doped with Er₂O₃ or Gd₂O₃

To simulate the effects of burnable poison doping in nuclear fuel UO2,Er2O3(or Gd2O3)-doped CeO2 pellets were prepared. Changes in lattice constant and atomic disordering for CeO2 due to the Er2O3 and Gd2O3 doping were measured by means of XRD and XAFS. By the Er2O3 doping,the lattice constant decreased,and a disordering of lattice structure was induced in the samples. The doping with Er2O3 also induced the disordering of atomic arrangement around Er atoms,which was observed through the change in XAFS spectra. In contrast,the effect of Gd2O3 doping was smaller than that of Er2O3 doping. The result was discussed in terms of ionic size of dopants in CeO2 crystal.     

Effect of Y2O3 and Dy2O3 on Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviors of Aluminum Nitride Ceramics

The effects of two types of additives, Y2O3 and Dy2O3, on the sintering and mechanical behaviors of AlN ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the sintering temperature can be decreased and the mechanical behavior can be improved by adding rare earth in AlN ceramics. The strength of AlN ceramics with Y2O3 and Dy2O3 are 326 and 320 MPa, respectively, which are 97.6% and 93.9% higher than the un-doped AlN ceramics. The fracture behavior on the fracture surfaces of rare earth oxide AlN ceramics was found to be a mixed mode of transgranular fracture and intergranular fracture. As a result, it is concluded that the improvement of bending strength of AlN ceramics with Y2O3 and Dy2O3 addition are mainly achieved by strengthening the grain boundary.     

CeO_2包覆对TiO_2传感器材料的氧敏性能的影响

针对CeO2 具有良好的催化性和稳定性 ,以及TiO2 具有优良的氧敏特性 ,采用溶胶 凝胶法制备CeO2 包覆TiO2 材料 ,并在自行设计的实验装置中对材料进行氧敏测试。该材料的温度系数低于纯TiO2 材料 ,且氧敏性能比纯TiO2 材料显著提高。其原因在于壳层中CeO2 颗粒为氧离子进出包覆体内的TiO2 提供通道 ,并利用CeO2 储、放氧能力 ,促进TiO2 电导率变化。     

Study on thermal expansion behavior of Dy2O3 - Al2O3 - SiO2 glass

Employing Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 as starting materials, several series of Dy2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 sealing glass were prepared. The relationship between their coefficients of thermal expansion and the contents of Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 were studied respectively. Experimental results showed that Dy2O3 and Al2O3 had a positive effect on the coefficient of thermal expansion of glass, whereas, SiO2 had a negative effect. The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass showed an apparent linear relation to the contents of these three raw materials, from which an estimation model was built, to calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion of sealing glass. Relative errors of the calculating results to testing results were no more than 2%, which suggested that the estimation model was reasonable. This study provides a good theory reference for the practical utilizing of this sealing material, through which a proper glass composition for good sealing could be easily found.     

Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Er_2O_3-Doped ZnO-Based Varistor Ceramics Prepared by High-Energy Ball Milling

Zinc oxide (ZnO) varistors exhibit highly nonlin-ear voltage-current (V-I) properties and it is ex-pressed bythe relationI=KVα,whereKis a constantandαis a nonlinear coefficient .They are extensivelyused as surge arresters in electric power lines ,such a…     

Catalytic Reduction of SO2 on CeO2-La2O3 Rare Earth Mixed Compounds

Adding rare earth oxide CeO2 with variable valences to La2O3 formed a mixture of rare earth oxides. By means of dipping CeO2, La2O3 and their mixture, whose carriers were all γ-Al2O3, were used as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO. The activation process of this catalyst and the impact of temperature and reactant concentration on the activation process were investigated. Using X-ray diffraction, the structure characteristics of catalyst before and after reaction were analyzed to reveal the change of phase structure. The result shows that the rare earth oxide mixtures composing of CeO2 and La2O3, as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO, diminish activation temperature 50～100℃ less and have higher activity than a single oxide CeO2 or La2O3. The reason possibl is that La2O3 goes into in the lattice of CeO2 to form solid phase complex CeO2-La2O3 and increases the capability of CeO2-La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst to store oxygen, which supplies the redox of CeO2 reaction with a better condition. At the same time, elemental sulfur formed in the redox reaction impels La203 to be transformed to activation phase La2O2S in a lower temperature, which can be explained with the synergism between redox reaction and COS intermediate mechanism reaction.     

Doping Effects of Rare Earth on Dielectric Properties of Fine－Grained BaTiO3－Based Ceramics

The doping effects of rare earth oxides Ho2O3 and Er2O3 on dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based ceramics were studied. After adding rare earth elements, grain growth in this system was inhibited and the grain size was reduced evidently which realized the fine-grained effect. In this system, the trivalent oxides Ho2O3 and Er2O3 were added to BaTiO3 ceramics. The rare earth oxides do not enter into inner lattice totally to replace A or B sites.Some of additives can improve dielectric strength by forming nonferroelectric phases, and the rest maintained at grain boundaries controls overgrowth of grains. The dielectric constant at room temperature is increased up to 3000 and the curve of TCC becomes flat.Meanwhile, the dielectric strength Eb becomes higher.     

Characterization of CuO Species and Thermal Solid-Solid Interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 Catalyst by In-Situ XRD, Raman Spectroscopy and TPR

Transference of CuO species and thermal solid-solid interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by an impregnation method were characterized by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques. For the catalyst calcined at 300℃, two kinds of CuO species coexist on the surface, that is, highly dispersed and bulk CuO crystalline phase. Four kinds of CuO species are present for the catalyst calcined at 600 ℃, ： （1） highly dispersed CuO, （2） bulk CuO on the surface, （3） bulk CuO in the internal layer of CeO2, and （4） CuAl2O4 formed from CuO-Al2O3 interaction. For the catalyst calcined at 800 ℃,C, besides very little highly dispersed and bulk CuO on the surface, most of the CuO has transferred into the internal layer of CeO2 and the mass of CuAl2O4 are increased. At 900 ℃,, all of CuO has diffused into the internal layer of CeO2 and formed CuAl2O4. The results show that the distribution of CuO species in the catalysts depends on the calcination temperature; the different CuO species can be effectively confirmed by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques.