高校图书馆书架的人性化设计

高校图书馆作为大学生阅览书籍、获取知识的重要场所,在学生的通识培养、人格塑造等方面有着至关重要的作用。书架作为存储、陈列和展示书籍的重要媒介,其设计的合理性和人性化程度直接影响了读者的阅读体验。文章从书架整体尺寸设计、书籍的陈列研究和图书馆环境设计三方面出发,探讨高校图书馆书架人性化设计的设计原则、设计理念与设计方案,并为高校图书馆书架的设计改进提供方向与建议。     

人机工程学在鞋类设计中的应用

本文从人机工程学角度分析鞋类设计的各个要素,即尺寸、功能、样式、材料、色彩以及人的心理六个要素。探讨鞋类设计与人机工程学的关系,力求寻找满足人们需要的最佳鞋类设计原则,从而为人机工程学在鞋类设计中的应用提供有力素材。     

基于人机学的网页设计发展需求的探讨

对新环境下网络发展趋势及人机工程学学科特点进行分析,简述了人机工程学应用于网页设计的必要性,总结出在人机学指导下网页设计的发展需求,其中涉及了网页诚信和网页无障碍等内容。     

汽车头颈保护系统设计

对头颈保护系统的设计主要考虑的是人机工程学的合理与否,满足功能要求是首要目的,同时符合人机工程学原理,充分考虑特定环境下的用户的状态,并给予合理的保护。设计中体现的主要设计出发点是关怀,关怀是设计的目的。     

自动取款机设计的人机工程分析

以人机工程学的原理为依据,从人的因素、机的因素、环境的因素三方面入手,对自动取款机的外部结构设计展开分析。详细论述了自动取款机的尺寸选择、显示装置和控制装置的人机工程学设计,并在此基础上为自动取款机的人机系统设计提供了方法和准则,从而使用户、自动取款机、工作环境三者之间具有一个友好的人机系统关系。     

工业设计中人机工程学应用的发展探研

近年来,学校的人机工程学专业逐渐成为热门专业。因为,现代人的生活充满许多贴近生活和符合人类需要的产品。人机工程学便是以人的需求和追求为基准,设计产品来提高人们的高质量生活,作为朝阳专业,人机工程学在工业设计中的发展是十分突出的。本文将以探讨工业设计中人机工程学应用的发展为话题而展开讨论。     

机械设计中的人机工程学

本文先介绍了人机工程学的概念、发展现状以及怎样在设计中注意运用人机工程学,又从我们日常生活各方面举例论证了人机工程学对我们生活的重要影响,提出了人机工程学已经成为机械设计过程中十分重要的一个考虑因素。     

小学课桌椅设计研究综述

课桌椅是教学环境设计中的重要组成部分,对小学生的心理和生理有重要的影响,设计不得当会影响使用的舒适性,甚至对小学生的身体健康造成损害。文章系统总结了人机工程学在坐姿行为中的研究成果,并以此为基础,对课桌椅设计的原则和设计要素进行了归纳,并提出了未来的研究方向。     

基于RFID技术的高校智能图书馆管理系统的设计

详细阐明了基于RFID技术设计的数字化高校智能图书馆管理系统的工作原理及其整体结构。该系统的图书与借阅证使用RFID标签,通过在每个书架一侧安置终端自助借还机,学生可多节点自助借还书籍,从而避免了高峰期的前台拥堵;同时,要求读者将已借书籍还至指定书架,规范了学生的借还行为,节省了馆员整理上架的工作量,更好地提高了图书流通管理和典藏管理的工作效率。该系统将进出口分隔为两个通道,高校学生可携带图书馆书籍进入馆内阅读,带出时需在出口处检测机进行检验书籍,可方便学生准备考试及阅读,实现了开放化、规范化、智能化的高校图书馆管理,具有安全、可靠、方便、易维护等优点。     

高校图书馆读者借阅行为分析的数据挖掘算法

读者借阅行为分析可以提高高校图书馆书籍利用率,为了解决传统高校图书馆读者借阅行为分析算法存在精度低、效率低等缺陷,以获得理想高校图书馆读者借阅行为分析结果为目标,提出了高校图书馆读者借阅行为分析的数据挖掘算法.首先分析高校图书馆读者借阅行为分析原理,然后采用数据挖掘算法——最小二乘支持向量机对高校图书馆读者借阅行为数据...     

Engineering aesthetics and aesthetic ergonomics: Theoretical foundations and a dual-process research methodology

Although industrial and product designers are keenly aware of the importance of design aesthetics, they make aesthetic design decisions largely on the basis of their intuitive judgments and ‘educated guesses’. Whilst ergonomics and human factors researchers have made great contributions to the safety, productivity, ease-of-use, and comfort of human-machine-environment systems, aesthetics is largely ignored as a topic of systematic scientific research in human factors and ergonomics. This article discusses the need for incorporating the aesthetics dimension in ergonomics and proposes the establishment of a new scientific and engineering discipline that we can call ‘engineering aesthetics’. This discipline addresses two major questions: How do we use engineering and scientific methods to study aesthetics concepts in general and design aesthetics in particular? How do we incorporate engineering and scientific methods in the aesthetic design and evaluation process? This article identifies two special features that distinguish aesthetic appraisal of products and system designs from aesthetic appreciation of art, and lays out a theoretical foundation as well as a dual-process research methodology for ‘engineering aesthetics’. Sample applications of this methodology are also described.     

产品设计中的人机应用

通过对产品设计具体案例的分析来说明了产品设计中所包含的人机工程学因素,从概念入手,并进一步阐述了在产品设计中的人机工程学的工作步骤,指出产品设计必须符合人机工程学,使设计真正体现出对人的尊重和关心。同时也是最前沿的潮流与趋势,是一种人文关怀的体现,是人与产品完美和谐的结合。     

Green ergonomics: definition and scope

This paper demonstrates that the goals of ergonomics (i.e. effectiveness, efficiency, health, safety and usability) are closely aligned with the goals of design for environmental sustainability. In this paper, the term ‘green ergonomics’ is conceptualised to specifically describe ergonomics interventions with a pro-nature emphasis. Green ergonomics is focused on the bi-directional connections between human systems and nature. This involves looking at (1) how ergonomics design and evaluation might be used to conserve, preserve, and restore nature and (2) how ecosystem services might be harnessed to facilitate the improved wellbeing and effectiveness of human systems. The paper proposes the scope of green ergonomics based on these bi-directional relationships in the areas of the design of low resource systems and products, the design of green jobs, and the design for behaviour change. Suggestions for further work in the green ergonomics domain are also made.

Practitioner Summary: Given the enormous environmental challenges facing modern industrial society, this paper encourages ergonomics science to embrace a pro-nature understanding of work design and research. This paper sets out the role for green ergonomics based on an appreciation of the human–nature connections that have been integrated with our understanding of ergonomics science and practice.     

云计算环境下智能图书借还终端系统设计与实现

针对传统的图书借还系统只能通过条码扫描,获取信息,一直存在工作效率低、用户信任度下降的问题。提出并设计了一种基于RFID技术的智能图书借还终端系统,该系统利用RFID无线射频识别技术采集馆内图书、读者以及书架等信息,采用天线条码标签对智能图书馆内的图书进行监控,实现对图书借还信息进行终端操作,设计了系统软件,并通过实验进行了对比分析,实验表明对RFID系统的硬件和软件测试对传统条码技术的问题有了相对应的解决,从而达到提高智能图书馆借还书和借还终端系统效率的目的。     

On Educational Ergonomics

Abstract

This paper represents an effort to establish an inter-disciplinary field of research toward total educational effectiveness. The traditional educational delivery lacks any systems perspective and precision. The application of ergonomics to education has received only limited attention. A systems analysis has identified 5 components for educational ergonomics: (1) learning ergonomics, (2) instructional ergonomics, (3) orgonomics of educational facilities, (4) ergonomics of educational oqutpment, and (5) the ergonomics of educational environment.

Learning ergonomics explores such areas as educational skills of handwriting, roading, drawing, instrument manipulation, class scheduling and school scheduling, research in examinations, management of learning activities, and grading systems. The instructional ergonomics covers textbook design, teaching devices, instruction techniques, classroom conducts, lecture preparation, and educational T.V. Ergonomics of educational facilities concerns educational furniture, laboratory and library ergonomics, classroom and office design, and equipment allocation. Ergonomics of education equipment investigates needs analysis, C/D design, allocation of equipment, performance analyses, and its safety and construction. Ergonomics of educational environment includes such things as illumination, colour, noise, space utilization, and allocation of equipment. Within each variable, research is reviewed and typical studies are suggested. The value of an integrated discipline of educational ergonomics is also discussed.     

机器人技术在图书馆自动化系统中的应用研究

随着计算机技术的发展,图书馆的信息管理已经实现了自动化,但其自动存取技术仍然落后。旋转柜、自动柜有限地实现了存取操作自动化;自动仓储式图书馆以及可实现自动存取操作的图书馆移动机器人系统是目前研究的新动向。本文在分析这些系统的原理及优缺点基础上,指出能实现自动存取操作的移动机器人系统是最适合于图书文档管理的系统,而针对图书馆自动存取操作的特殊场合,研制功能适合于图书馆书籍操作的机械手,是图书馆机器人技术的瓶颈。     

Performing ergonomics analyses through virtual interactive design: Validity and reliability assessment

Virtual interactive design methodology was initially proposed as an integrated environment for digital human model–based ergonomics analysis of human–machine interactions, which uses a motion capture system and virtual environment to realize task simulation. The validity and reliability of this analysis methodology has not been systematically studied. In this article, potential errors are first investigated based on the technology used in the system structure and work process; then, three experimental integration levels are proposed to use different resources for creating manikin postures. Validity and reliability to use this integrated environment for static ergonomics analysis are then assessed by comparing the ergonomics analysis outputs achieved based on the three integration levels. The results indicate that the reliability of this methodology is good; however, the validity of the integrated system is affected by the limitation of the virtual environment used in the testing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Engineering aesthetics and aesthetic ergonomics: theoretical foundations and a dual-process research methodology

Although industrial and product designers are keenly aware of the importance of design aesthetics, they make aesthetic design decisions largely on the basis of their intuitive judgments and "educated guesses". Whilst ergonomics and human factors researchers have made great contributions to the safety, productivity, ease-of-use, and comfort of human-machine-environment systems, aesthetics is largely ignored as a topic of systematic scientific research in human factors and ergonomics. This article discusses the need for incorporating the aesthetics dimension in ergonomics and proposes the establishment of a new scientific and engineering discipline that we can call "engineering aesthetics". This discipline addresses two major questions: How do we use engineering and scientific methods to study aesthetics concepts in general and design aesthetics in particular? How do we incorporate engineering and scientific methods in the aesthetic design and evaluation process? This article identifies two special features that distinguish aesthetic appraisal of products and system designs from aesthetic appreciation of art, and lays out a theoretical foundation as well as a dual-process research methodology for "engineering aesthetics". Sample applications of this methodology are also described.