超支化聚合物吸附金、铂和钯及化学光谱行为的研究

超支化聚合物在盐酸介质中分离富集金、铂和钯,具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大的特点。将吸附后的树脂灰化,用碳粉、硫酸锶和氧化锆作缓冲剂, 采用发射光谱法同时测定金、铂和钯,选择锆作内标线,直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中,测定简便、快速和准确。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究,以此建立测定金、铂和钯的新方法。金、铂和钯的分析线分别为312.3, 306.5和311.4 nm,内标线选择为310.7 nm的锆,金、铂和钯的线性范围分别为0～0.20%,0～0.40%和0～0.20%。金、铂和钯的检测限分别为0.010%,0.003%和0.003%。用于样品的测定获得了满意结果。     

小试金富集ICP-AES法同时测定试样中的铂、钯、金

文章报道了用小试金富集ICP AES法同时测定试样中的铂、钯和金 ,将 1 0～ 2 0g试样中的铂、钯、金富集在毫克量的银合粒中 ,制成溶液后用ICP AES法同时测定铂、钯和金。该方法的检出限 (μg·mL-1 )Pt,Pd ,Au分别为 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 5 ,0 0 1 ,相对标准偏差 (RSD ,n =1 0 )分别为 0 1 % ,0 1 2 % ,0 0 9% ,标准回收率均在 97%以上。生产实践表明 ,本方法是一种快速、简便、准确的分析方法 ,已被我们应用于测定样品中的铂 ,钯和金     

发射光谱法测定乳浊料中的锆和铪

研究了用碳粉和二氧化钛作缓冲剂同时测定乳浊料中的锆和铪的发射光谱法,选择钛作内标线,不需分离、不需化学处理,直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中,具有简便、快速、准确的特点。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究,从而建立测定锆和铪的新方法。锆和铪的分析线分别为327.3和286.6 nm,内标线选择为钛的308.8 nm线,锆和铪的线性范围分别为0～0.50%和0～0.25%。锆和铪的检测限分别为0.001%和0.010%,其回收率为96.67%～105.0%,当n=9时,锆的RSD为3.61%;铪的RSD为4.82%;用于样品的测定取得了满意的结果。     

聚丙烯-二苯氨基脲树脂分离富集原子吸收法测定地质样品中的金

研究了聚丙烯 -二苯氨基脲树脂的合成及其分离富集样品中痕量金的条件。在 p H为 3.0的 HCl介质中 ,金定量吸附在聚丙烯 -二苯氨基脲树脂上 ,3%硫脲 - 0 .1 mol/ L HCl溶液洗脱 ,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。回收率在 91 .6 %— 1 0 1 .6 %之间。可用于实际地质样品中贵金属的分离富集与测定。     

阴离子交换树脂分离－发射光谱法测定地质样品中的金、钯和铂

在１０％盐酸介质中，采用７１７阴离子交换树脂富集金、钯和铂，从而与大部分基体分离。被吸附的金、钯和铂用硫脲解脱后以发射光谱法测定。检出限分别为金：０．０４μｇ，钯：０．０４μｇ，铂：０．０９μｇ。相对标准偏差在１１．２％－１８．５％之间。     

阴离子交换树脂分离—发射光谱法测定地质样品中的金,钯和铂

在１０％盐酸介质中，采用７１７阴离子交换树脂富集金、钯和铂、从而与大部分基体分离。被吸附的金、钯和铂用硫脲解脱后以发射光谱法测定。检出限分别为金：０．０４μｇ，钯０．０４μｇ，铂：０．０９μｇ。相对标准偏差在１１．２％－１８．５％之间。     

ICP-AES测定铂金饰品抛光灰中铂、钯、金和银

提出一种 ICP- AES快速测定铂金饰品抛光灰中铂、钯、金、银的分析方法。 5 g样品经灰化处理后 ,王水提取 ,直接测定 ,该方法的检出限 Pt、Pd、Au、Ag分别为 4 6 .5、4 2 .3、10 .4和 5 .1ng·m L-1。回收率为94 .2 %— 10 3.5 %之间。相对标准偏差为 2 .8%— 4 .4 %。     

光度法同时测定铂和钯

水溶性试剂N-间甲苯基-N’-(对氨基苯磺酸钠)硫脲(MMPT)在HAc-NaAc缓冲介质和CTMAB(溴化十六烷基三甲胺)存在下,与铂(Ⅳ)和钯(Ⅱ)反应形成绿色和褐色水溶性络合物,其最大吸收波长分别为754.4和304.6 nm。符合比尔定律的浓度范围分别为0～32 μg·(25 mL)-1, 0～25 μg·25(mL)-1,摩尔吸光系数为εPt_754.4=8.6×104 L·mol-1·cm-1和εPd304.6=7.4×104 L·mol-1·cm-1。在754.4和304.6 nm波长测定铂,钯混合液的吸光度,换算出铂、钯的含量。50种共存离子中, 仅有Cu2+和Co2+ 对钯的测定有干扰。该法选择性好,用于合成样品、矿石和催化剂样品中铂、钯含量的测定, 其相对标准偏差RSD小于2.0%;回收实验回收率是96%～104%。由于试剂铂、钯形成的络合物都易溶于水、不需予先分离同时测定,操作简便,快速,且环境友好。     

固相萃取-TXRF测定高冰镍中的贵金属

制备了以Dowex1-X10阴离子交换树脂为填料的固相萃取小柱,建立了固相萃取、全反射X射线荧光分析法(TXRF)测定高冰镍中微量贵金属钯、铱、铂和金含量的新方法,解决了复杂体系中微量贵金属检测前的分离富集难的问题.在0.5mol/L盐酸体系中,TXRF测定高冰镍中钯、铱、铂和金的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于3.4％,其仪器检出限分别为0.015、0.011、0.013μg/mL和0.01 5μg/mL,方法检出限分别为0.050、0.036、0.043μg/g和0.050μg/g.实际样品的测定结果与ICP-MS基本一致.用TXRF可以同时、快速地测定高冰镍中的贵金属,样品测定结果可靠.     

基于离子交换分离的ICP发射光地测定地质样品中的微量锆,铪研究

在 2 %酒石酸介质中 ,用阳离子交换树脂吸附干扰元素 ,富集的锆和铪直接以 ICP- AES法定 ,锆的检出限为 0 .3× 1 0 - 6,铪为 0 .4× 1 0 - 6。本方法简便、快速 ,应用于分析地球化学标准物质中微量的锆和铪 ,结果满意。     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.     

Spectroscopy and Photophysics of Iso- and Alloxazines: Experimental and Theoretical Study

We present a systematic study of the effect of methyl substitution on iso- and alloxazines in acetonitrile solutions. Substitution patterns have profound effects on both spectral and photophysical properties, with fluorescence quantum yields varying by more than an order of magnitude. TD-DFT calculation were used for the first time to correlate electronic structure changes with the substitution patterns, with good agreement between calculated and theoretical band positions and oscillator strengths. Both n-pi* and pi-pi* states in these compounds are predicted, with the oscillator strengths indicating that only the pi-pi* states should be observable in the absorption spectra. Substitution patterns are shown to be responsible for energy order inversion between these states.     

黑克、布劳、及伯曼-温采尔代数的诱导及分导系数和量子经典李代数的耦合与重新耦合系数

本文总结了计算黑克、布劳、及伯曼 温采尔代数在各种工数链下诱导及分导系数的线性方程方法(LEM)。特别强调了关于A,B,C,D型李代数及其量子情形与其中心代数之间的舒尔 魏尔 布劳双关性关系。这一关系使我们能够利用相应中心代数的诱导及分导系数计算出经典李代数及其量子情形的耦合与重新耦合系数。讨论了从该方法得到B,C,D型李代数不可约表示克罗内克积分解的应用。基于LEM还得到了处理对应于置换群CG系列问题的黑克代数张量积的方法。     

Nano and micro-scale fluid and plasma dynamics: present and future applications

In this letter, we illustrate the importance of fluid dynamics research by considering two particular areas of study: nano- and micro-scale fluid and plasma dynamics. We show how improved scientific knowledge of nano- and micro-fluid dynamics can significantly enhance our future. Application is also discussed regarding environmental aspects.     

国外超导材料技术研究政策和方向

超导材料技术是21世纪具有战略意义的高新技术,极具发展潜力和市场前景。世界各发达国家纷纷制定研发计划,给予高度重视和大力支持,加快超导材料技术的基础研究和产业化发展。主要从美国、日本、欧洲国家、韩国等国家的相关研发计划、政策以及主要科研机构的研发概况出发,阐明目前国外超导材料技术的研究政策和方向。     

激光跟瞄仿真系统及两种跟瞄方法

基于OpenGL和大气传输光学分析的3维全数字仿真是激光跟瞄系统的重要研究手段。为提高跟踪和瞄准精度,从激光跟瞄仿真系统整体出发,研究了目标成像中的投影变换、成像与跟踪的关系、高精度跟踪现有算法的控制过程仿真等内容,并提出了基于大视口、目标大气传输图像序列的跟瞄仿真技术。说明了仿真系统中跟瞄精度分析的特点。就某仿真场景,设计了"头部顶点"和"两点提取"两种跟瞄方法,在不同大气湍流条件下得到了它们的跟瞄精度,说明应用该激光跟瞄仿真系统,能够预先设计、测试和验证一些跟瞄方法,帮助进行算法分析和改进,从而提高工作效率和节约成本。     

Rapid and flexible laser marking and engraving of tilted and curved surfaces

We present a novel method for rapid and flexible laser marking and engraving of tilted, curved and freeform work-piece surfaces. The method is based on integrating a three-dimensional (3D) laser measurement system into a 3D laser marking system. We use the same laser source and optics for measurement and processing with a minimum of additional hardware components. A low power CW laser regime is used to measure the 3D shape of a work-piece surface while a high-peak power-pulsed laser regime is used for processing. The acquired 3D surface data are used to determine the 3D trajectory of the processing beam focus. Neither the 3D shape of the work-piece nor its orientation needs to be known in advance as long as the processed surface lies within the working range of the 3D laser processing system. This eliminates the need for exact work-piece positioning before processing and substantially improves processing flexibility (allowing, e.g. variations in work-piece shape or/and orientation from mark to mark). This paper discusses key issues concerning an implementation of the method and presents typical examples of markings and engravings, which demonstrate the advantages of the method with respect to the existing industrial 2D and 3D laser marking and engraving methods. The method can also be applied to flexible laser structuring and microprocessing of curved surfaces.