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为了研究首钢高炉入炉碱负荷与炉内焦炭劣化的关系,利用碱金属循环富集模型计算碱金属在高炉内的最大富集量及在高炉内部不同部位的分布,然后进行焦炭在不同浓度碱蒸气下的熔损试验,通过反推计算最终得到了在不同入炉碱负荷情况下焦炭劣化的程度。结果表面,钾和钠在首钢高炉内最大的富集量分别为34.89和7.44kg/t,炉内焦炭已经发生严重劣化,反应性CRI为53.14%,反应后强度CSR为61.69%。要想控制住碱金属对首钢高炉的危害,入炉K2O和Na2O质量必须分别限制在0.48和3.11kg/t以内。 相似文献
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焦炭是高炉炼铁过程中不可替代的原燃料,石墨化行为是其在高炉内的一个重要劣化机制。由于优质炼焦煤资源短缺及未来高炉大型化的影响,对入炉焦炭的质量要求越来越高,明确焦炭在高炉内的劣化机制及石墨化机理,合理控制焦炭质量是降低冶炼成本以及保证高炉稳定顺行的重要措施。详细阐述了不同的热处理温度、焦炭的灰分以及渣铁成分等因素对焦炭石墨化程度的影响。目前对于焦炭石墨化的理解还停留在宏观尺度,对于其微观反应机理,特别是各种渣铁和矿物的催化石墨化行为认识还有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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随着高炉冶炼的不断强化,炉缸活跃性问题日益引起高炉操作者的重视,为了更加合理地评价炉缸活跃性,进而指导高炉生产,定义了一种炉缸活跃性评价指数,定量分析影响炉缸活跃性的各个因素,同时根据冶炼实践,提出了改善炉缸活跃性的主要措施。研究结果表明,影响炉缸活跃性指数的因素包括料柱的固有属性以及渣铁的物理特性,通过提高炉缸焦炭粒径、孔隙度以及降低炉渣黏度可以提高炉缸活跃性指标。高炉实际生产过程中,应保证全风炉温,同时合理控制喷煤量以及碱金属负荷,从而提高炉缸内焦炭的更新速率,降低焦炭劣化,改善炉缸活跃性。 相似文献
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高炉作为目前世界上最大的移动床式冶金反应器,保持高炉内良好的透气透液性是保证高炉稳定顺行的关键。高炉内部被软熔带分割开来,分为上部固体散料区和下部固液共存区,下部的固液共存区是决定高炉透气透液性和煤气流分布的重要区域,因此若想明晰高炉影响透气透液性的关键,必须对高炉下部固液共存区的反应进行全面研究。高炉高温区焦炭床与渣铁的相互作用行为是决定铁-焦-渣交互作用及高炉透气透液性的重要因素,调控好液态渣铁与焦炭床的润湿性变化,可以有效改善高炉内部的透气透液性,最终会影响高炉生产效率和稳定性。因此,明晰高炉内渣铁焦的界面润湿行为显得尤为重要。首先对界面润湿现象进行了概述;然后详细从铁水成分以及焦炭性质对铁-焦界面润湿行为的影响进行了总结;其次详细分析了炉渣温度、炉渣成分以及焦炭自身性质对渣-焦界面润湿行为的影响。结果表明,目前高炉内渣铁焦界面润湿行为的研究已经从实验室试验以及基础模拟方面进行了研究,研究结果可为高炉操作者理解高炉内渣铁焦界面润湿行为提供初步理论指导,但仍需在可反映高炉内实际复杂情况的润湿行为变化方面进行深入研究。 相似文献
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《河北冶金》2003,(5)
炉况顺行焦炭负荷软熔带渣比上部犤炉料犦调节下部犤鼓风犦调节高炉作业率休风率高炉寿命悬料崩料沟流结瘤炉缸冻结开炉停炉积铁炉型炉喉炉身炉腰炉腹炉缸炉底炉腹角炉身角有效容积工作容积铁口渣口风口窥视孔风口水套渣口水套风口弯头热风围管堵渣机泥炮开铁口机铁水铁[水]罐鱼雷车主铁沟出铁场铁沟渣沟渣罐撇渣器冷却水箱冷却壁汽化冷却热风炉燃烧室燃烧器热风阀furnaceconditionsmoothrunningcokeload,oretocokeratiocohesivezone,softeningzoneslagtoironratio,slagratioburdenconditioningblastconditioningoperatingrateofblastfurnac… 相似文献
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高炉铁口水平线下(死铁层区)死料堆的位置、大小、孔隙度、更新速度等直接决定铁水及炉渣在炉缸内的流动方式,同时影响炉缸传热、耐材的侵蚀、铁水及渣的排出速度等。使用图像处理技术对莱钢1 880 m3高炉浸入死铁层中死料柱下部形状、孔隙度、焦粒尺寸、形貌分布等关键信息进行了提取。通过分析计算得到死料柱下部焦层二维孔隙度为56.73%。该区域焦粒平均粒度为15.3 mm,缩减了约70%。通过形貌分析发现炉缸死铁层中焦炭更接近椭球状,该现象说明自炉顶装入后焦炭各方向消耗速度不一致,具有明显的取向性。该高炉内渣铁通过炉缸该区域死料柱焦粒过程中,水平方向与竖直方向冲刷程度较深。有助于对高炉炉缸“黑箱”进行信息解析,进一步加深操作者对于高炉冶炼过程中死料柱下部及炉缸工作状态的认知。 相似文献
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It is difficult to distinguish tamping coke and top charging coke by conventional testing methods, such as cold strength, abrasion resistance, reactivity and strength after reaction. Some of tamping coke′s properties were even better than those of top charging coke, but from practical using effects of blast furnace, tamping coke was not as good as top charging coke. The reaction conditions were featured as high temperature, high alkali condition, intense reaction atmosphere and short time. Distribution of porosity in profile, microstructure and slag forming property of ash were analyzed and following conclusions were obtained. After alkali-rich reaction, there were obvious differences between top charging coke and tamping coke in microstructure. The porosity′s unevenness of tamping coke was greater than those of top charging coke, and tamping coke was with less and big pores in out space and inner part was dense with more throughout pores. After phase diagram and microstructure analysis, it could be obtained that ash forming characteristics of top charging coke were better than those of tamping coke, and top charging coke′s pores were blocked more seriously than those of tamping coke. From analysis of tuyere samples, it could be found that calcium content of ash in coke′s pores was small and it should belong to coke′s inherent ash; kalium (wK=28%) was unusually high in coke, so the situation of high alkali was close to real blast furnace reaction condition. 相似文献
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炉缸的运行状况对高炉长寿起着决定性作用。首钢京唐2号高炉2017年8月开始炉缸侧壁温度急剧上升,对高炉的正常生产和人员安全提出了严峻考验。炉缸侧壁高温点的位置坐标表明,首钢京唐2号高炉炉缸侧壁温度异常升高的直接原因是炉缸内部铁水环流加剧对炉缸内衬的化学侵蚀和物理冲刷。进一步从铁水成分、炉底温度、铁口深度和铁水流速等因素分析,证实了2号高炉炉缸侧壁温度升高的根源在于炉缸活跃性恶化。此外,较高的硫负荷和焦炭灰分、较低的终渣碱度及水箱漏水等因素也在一定程度上促成了炉缸不活的状态。 相似文献
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��쿣���ʤ������������������ 《钢铁研究学报》2015,27(11):14-20
A theoretical coke rate calculation model was established based on the traditional engineering method with the consideration of the combustion of pulverized coal, oxygen enrichment, blast humidity and other factors. A coefficient, measuring the amount of heat load with the change of furnace carbon, is proposed to establish the calculation method of heat loss. The theoretical coke rate and appropriate direct reduction rate of some large- scale blast furnace are calculated based on this model. Then the effects of different factors, including blast temperature, blast humidity, top temperature, iron ore grade, ash content and sulfur content of coke, carbonate flux consumption, silicon content of hot metal, direct reduction rate and slag rate, on coke rate were analyzed. The results show that the theoretical coke rate is 277. 15kg/t and appropriate direct reduction rate is 0. 34. The iron ore grade, ash content of coke, silicon content of hot metal and direct reduction rate have significant influences on coke rate. In addition, the calculation values in this model are lower than those of traditional model, which means the degrees of the factors affecting coke rate decrease nowadays. 相似文献
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The theoretical flame temperature(TFT)before tuyere,always highly concerned by blast furnace(BF)operators,is one of the most important parameters for evaluating the thermal state of hearth.However,some influencing parameters,for example,the SiO2 reduction by carbon,were always neglected or inaccurate when calculating the TFT.According to the definition of TFT,the temperature of coke into raceway and the reduction rate of SiO2 in ash of coke and pulverized coal were obtained by analyzing the samples before tuyere in blast furnace.Taking full account of different factors,a modified model for calculating the TFT in blast furnace was established.The effects of the oxygen enrichment rate,the reduction rate of SiO2 in raceway,the ash content in coke and pulverized coal and the pulverized coal injection(PCI)rate on TFT were determined quantitatively.The modified model was applied to selecting the used coal for PCI in blast furnace.Considering the different SiO2 contents of mixed coal,the calculated TFT remained a stable level.This showed that the selected coal could be suitable for PCI in blast furnace. 相似文献
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SymbolList C———Coefficient,1inthepackedbedand0inother place; C1,C2,Cμ,σκ,σε———Empiricalconstant; d———Diameterofcokeparticle; H———Heightofpackedbed,m; P———Pressure,Pa; ui,uj———Velocityalongdirectioni,jrespectively,m·s-1; vA———Vel 相似文献
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沙钢2号高炉经过炉役初期2年多的强化生产后,面临炉缸侧壁温度升高和技术经济指标逐年下滑的难题。结合理论公式和实际生产经验,分析了料柱透气性的影响因素以及炉缸活性的影响因素,提出了钛矿分级护炉的措施。实践表明,通过稳定焦炭用料结构、稳定焦炭质量、加强槽位管理、加强筛分管理来把好原料关,同时提高顶压降低煤气流速,可以提高料柱的透气性,为鼓风动能的提高创造条件;通过缩小风口面积、增加风量可以提高鼓风动能;通过炉渣镁铝比的精细化控制可以改善炉渣黏度,从而提高炉缸活性。同时,适当结合钛矿分级入炉,实现了高炉炉役后期炉缸侧壁温度的下降和技术指标的回升。 相似文献
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沙钢2号高炉经过炉役初期2年多的强化生产后,面临炉缸侧壁温度升高和技术经济指标逐年下滑的难题。结合理论公式和实际生产经验,分析了料柱透气性的影响因素以及炉缸活性的影响因素,提出了钛矿分级护炉的措施。实践表明,通过稳定焦炭用料结构、稳定焦炭质量、加强槽位管理、加强筛分管理来把好原料关,同时提高顶压降低煤气流速,可以提高料柱的透气性,为鼓风动能的提高创造条件;通过缩小风口面积、增加风量可以提高鼓风动能;通过炉渣镁铝比的精细化控制可以改善炉渣黏度,从而提高炉缸活性。同时,适当结合钛矿分级入炉,实现了高炉炉役后期炉缸侧壁温度的下降和技术指标的回升。 相似文献