5-溴-1-甲基吲哚-2,3-二酮的合成

N-甲基-N-对溴苯基-α-甲硫基乙酰胺与高碘酸钠反应得到N-甲基-N-对溴苯基-α-甲亚磺酰基乙酰胺,收率93%,再在对甲苯磺酸作用下发生分子内的Pummerer反应,得到5-溴-1-甲基-3-甲硫基-吲哚-2-酮,收率78%,进一步与二乙酰氧基碘苯反应,得到标题化合物,收率63%,通过IR1、3CNMR1、HNMR等波谱方法证明了产物的结构。     

离子液体中4-苯基-2-芳基氨基噻唑化合物的简便合成

研究了以α-溴代苯乙酮与芳胺为原料在离子液体[bmim]SCN中一锅法合成4-苯基-2-芳基氨基噻唑的绿色化学方法。在离子液体[bmim]SCN中,硫氰酸根取代α-溴代苯乙酮中的溴生成α-硫氰酸根苯乙酮,然后在乙酸催化下与芳胺发生加成环化,以81.6%~95.2%的收率得到4-苯基-2-芳基氨基噻唑,得到的最佳反应条件为:α-溴代苯乙酮10 mmol,芳胺11 mmol,[bmim]SCN 10 m L,乙酸10 mmol,室温取代反应2 h,100℃环化反应3h。离子液体[bmim]SCN重复使用10次目标产物收率无明显降低。     

4-溴甲基-2(H)-喹啉酮的合成研究

以N-乙酰乙酰苯胺为原料,经溴化、PPA环化两步反应制备得到4-溴甲基-2(H)-喹啉酮,总收率66.9%。     

取代吲哚-3-甲醛与3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮的固相缩合反应

在无溶剂、无催化剂、微波辐射条件下,取代吲哚-3-甲醛与3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡哇啉酮通过固相Knoevenagel缩合反应合成了一系列4-(取代吲哚基-3-次甲基)-3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮,产物结构经IR,1H NMR确证.最佳反应条件为:n(吲哚-3-甲醛):n(3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡哇啉酮)＝1....     

2-甲基-4-氯苯丙酮的合成工艺研究

分别采用间氯甲苯、N-间甲苯基乙酰胺、间甲基苯胺和2-甲基-4-氯苯甲腈等不同的起始原料来合成标题化合物,并探讨了各条反应路线的条件、收率及工业生产的可行性,从而确定了以N-间甲苯基乙酰胺为原料的合成路线是一条较佳工业合成工艺路线,其总收率为32.3%.     

N-(4-羟基苯基)-2-(1H-咪唑-1-基)乙酰胺的合成

对硝基苯酚经铁粉/氯化铵还原得到对氨基苯酚,后者经氯乙酰化和N-烷基化反应合成N-(4-羟基苯基)-2-(1H-咪唑-1-基)乙酰胺。并考察了酰化以及N-烷基化等关键步骤的反应条件,较佳的反应条件为酰化反应以乙酸钠作为缚酸剂,反应温度20℃;N-烷基化以碳酸钾作为缚酸剂,碘化钠为催化剂。总收率31.4%,产物经过1H NMR和MS表征。     

AgNO3促进4-芳基喹啉化合物的合成研究

以N-芳基苯丙炔胺为原料,在AgNO_3作用下,通过热环化以45%～92%的较高收率得到14种4-苯基喹啉类衍生物。系统研究了溶剂、催化剂、温度等因素对环化结果的影响,优化了反应条件。合成策略具有反应条件温和、操作简单、收率较高等特点,是一种合成4-苯基喹啉衍生物的新方法。     

离子液体中6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成研究

研究了对甲氧基苯胺经溴化、酰化和Heck反应在离子液体中合成6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的方法。对甲氧基苯胺与离子液体[bmim]Br3发生选择性溴化反应,以98.2%的收率得到质量分数为99.5%的2-溴-4-甲氧基苯胺;2-溴-4-甲氧基苯胺与丙烯酰氯发生酰化反应,以95.7%的收率得到N-(2-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺;在离子液体、醋酸钯、碳酸钾和1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷反应体系中,N-(2-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺顺利地发生分子内Heck反应,以91.5%的收率得到6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮。该方法原料易得,反应条件易于控制,反应收率高,离子液体可以重复使用,对环境友好。     

离子液体中6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成

研究了对甲氧基苯胺经溴化、酰化和Heck反应在离子液体中合成6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的方法。对甲氧基苯胺与离子液体[bmim]Br3发生选择性溴化反应,以98.2%的收率得到质量分数为99.5%的2-溴-4-甲氧基苯胺;2-溴-4-甲氧基苯胺与丙烯酰氯发生酰化反应,以95.7%的收率得到N-(2-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺;在离子液体、醋酸钯、碳酸钾和1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷反应体系中,N-(2-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺顺利地发生分子内Heck反应,以91.5%的收率得到6-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮。该方法原料易得,反应条件易控制,收率高,离子液体可以重复使用,对环境友好。     

4-氯-1-甲基-3-硝基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成

以N-甲基苯胺为起始原料,经过环合反应制得4-羟基-1-甲基-2(1H)-喹啉酮,再经硝化和氯代反应合成了目标化合物,该方法所用原料廉价易得,产物处理简单,适合工业化生产,总收率可达51.9%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.