还原熔炼回收铜阳极泥熔炼渣中有价金属

以铜阳极泥熔炼渣为原料,采用还原熔炼工艺回收渣中有价金属。探究渣型、Na₂CO₃用量、焦粉用量和保温时间对金属回收率的影响。结果表明,在冶炼温度1 150℃,渣相m(Fe)/m(SiO₂)=0.72,m(CaO)/m(SiO₂)=0.65,Na₂CO₃用量5%,焦粉用量2%,保温时间60 min的最优条件下,渣中Au、Ag、Pb、Bi的回收率分为97.15%、97.78%、91.27%和99.61%。实现了铜阳极泥熔炼渣中有价金属的综合回收。     

铜渣熔融还原回收铁试验研究

以铜浮选尾渣为原料,采用直接熔融还原—磁选的方法回收铁,探讨了在焙烧温度为1 350℃时,碳粉、氧化钙用量及焙烧恒温时间对还原渣磁选过程铁回收率与铁精矿品位的影响。结果表明,在碳粉和氧化钙添加量分别为铜渣质量的32%和10%、恒温100min的条件下对浮选尾渣进行熔融还原,焙烧后的产物破碎磨细至-0.074mm占85%,再进行弱磁选,可获得铁品位为67.47%的还原铁精矿,铁回收率为92.32%。     

铜钴冶炼渣还原造锍熔炼回收铜和钴

从试验上验证了铜钴硫化矿冶炼新工艺的可行性,并着重研究了新工艺中铜钴冶炼渣还原造锍熔炼阶段还原剂焦炭用量、硫化剂黄铁矿用量、熔炼温度和保温时间对铜钴回收率的影响。结果表明,加入铜钴冶炼渣质量分数6%的焦炭和20%的黄铁矿,在1 350℃熔炼3h,弃渣含铜、钴可分别降至0.12%和0.074%,产品铜钴锍中铜、钴回收率分别达到92.95%和89.95%。贫化渣主要物相为铁橄榄石(Fe2SiO4)和磁铁矿(Fe3O4),铜钴锍主要物相为硫化亚铁(FeS)、钴铁硫化物(Fe0.92Co0.08S)、吉硫铜矿(Cu8S5)。     

废加氢催化剂还原熔炼回收有价金属试验

以石化行业重油精炼加氢脱硫过程中产生的废加氢催化剂为原料,采用还原熔炼工艺回收其中的有价金属。结果表明,在SiO2添加量40%、B2O3添加量10%、CaO添加量29%、Na2CO3添加量80%、冰铜添加量100%、褐煤添加量5%、CaF2添加量5%、1 450℃还原3h,渣计Mo、Co、Ni和V的回收率分别为98.54%、96.51%、99.47%和37.41%。     

水浸法回收线路板熔炼烟灰焙烧砂有价元素的试验

采用水浸出废旧线路板熔炼烟灰硫酸化焙烧渣,考察浸出温度、搅拌速率、浸出时间和液固比对铜、锌浸出率及铅富集效果的影响。研究表明,较低温度下铜、锌浸出率均可达到99%以上,而铅也能大部分富集在浸出渣中;搅拌速率、浸出时间和液固比对铜、锌浸出率影响较大,对铅浸出率的影响较小。最佳浸出条件为:浸出温度40℃、搅拌速率175r/min,浸出时间1h、液固比5∶1。在此条件下,铜、锌的浸出率分别达到99.49%和99.58%,浸出渣中铅含量达到50%左右。     

Metal Recovery from Bottom Ash of an Incineration Plant: Laboratory Reactor Tests

The bottom ashes, produced by the industrial incinerators, are an essential secondary raw material resource that has been drawing attention to recover economically important metals. In the present study, a hydrometallurgical process (chemical leaching) has been discussed to recover some economically important metals using lab scale reactors (600 mL and 2L capacity). Prior to the leaching tests, the material was characterized for chemical composition and mineralogical phase analysis through XRD. In addition, the conventional process of magnetic separation was applied before leaching tests to remove some easily separable parts. Two acidic reagents (HCl and H₂SO₄) and an alkali reagent (NaOH) have been used to compare the recovery of metal values from the pre-treated bottom ash samples at varying concentrations. Process parameters such as acid/alkali concentration, working volume and temperature have been optimized and the recoveries of metal values under optimum conditions were recorded. The studies showed that 3M H₂SO_4, 1.5 L working volume and 80°C were sufficient to leach 88% Mo, 82% V, 37% Ni, 37% Fe, and 28% Cu. Acid leaching tests using H₂SO₄ were found to be an economical and appropriate solvent for metal recovery from bottom ash.     

Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction of Fe2O3

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The paper reports successful smelting reduction of iron ore (hematite) in thermal hydrogen plasma. A specially designed reactor with water cooled copper...     

熔炼法从失效汽车尾气催化剂中富集回收铂钯铑

采用火法熔炼技术对失效汽车尾气催化剂中铂族金属的熔炼富集进行了研究。主要考察捕集剂、还原剂、造渣剂等用量对铂钯铑综合回收率的影响。最佳熔炼工艺条件:反应时间4h、捕集剂Fe3O4用量为物料量的20%、还原剂用量9%、CaO用量40%、熔炼温度1 450℃,金属铂钯铑的综合回收率可达到97%以上。熔炼产物PGM-Fe合金的主要成分是单质铁,含量为91%~93%,铂族金属含量在4%~5%。     

微波氧化辅助铜冶炼烟灰选择性浸出脱砷

采用微波氧化辅助Na_2S-NaOH浸出体系对铜冶炼烟灰(简称烟灰)进行研究,在微波时间180s、微波档位7档(560 W)和氧气流量10L/min的条件下,砷、铜、锌、铅的浸出率分别为98.45%、3.64%、3.88%、0.41%,实现了砷的选择性分离。XPS、XRD、SEM和重金属形态分析结果表明,微波氧化有利于砷的选择性分离。     

铜冶炼渣选铜尾矿还原焙烧—磁选回收铁工艺研究

以炭粉为还原剂,通过还原焙烧—磁选工艺从铜冶炼渣选铜尾矿中回收铁,考察了影响铁回收效果的主要工艺参数,并通过试验验证。结果表明,在炭粉用量为铜渣量的25%、氧化钙用量为铜渣量的10%、焙烧温度1 300℃、焙烧时间1.5h、焙烧产物磨细度为-0.074mm占55%的条件下,磁选精矿(即还原铁粉)铁含量可达92.16%,尾矿铁含量可降低至3.91%,铁回收率87.65%。     

氧气底吹熔炼-鼓风炉还原炼铅新技术及应用

评述了氧气底吹熔炼—鼓风炉还原炼铅新技术的特点和生产实践。     

底吹电热熔融还原炉余热锅炉设计及应用

介绍了余热锅炉主要功能、系统和结构特点,对底吹电热熔融还原炉余热锅炉运行中存在的积灰、爆管、给水泵能力不足、出口烟温偏高等一系列问题进行了分析,通过更换设备以及改进工艺,保证了余热锅炉的连续稳定运行。     

Ilmenite Smelted by Oxygen-Enriched Top-Blown Smelting Reduction

 Total ilmenite from Yunnan, China, difficult to smelt in blast furnace, was smelted by oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting reduction ironmaking technology. Much more details on smelting were discussed. Specifically, the influence of reduction temperature, slag basicity and molar ratio of carbon to oxygen on the reduction quality level including iron recovery and titanium and sulfur contents in the pig iron produced in the experiment was investigated. Iron recovery rate could reach 95% with titanium content below 005% in pig iron produced, under the conditions of holding time of 30 min at 1823 K, basicity of 11, carbon to oxygen molar ratio of 10 and oxygen-enriched flow rate of 250 L/h. Oxidization potential of top-space of smelting reduction vessel and slag combination could create the driving force to partition phosphorous, titanium and silicon into the slag, which ensured low contents of the impurities involved above and carbon in pig iron. In addition, it avoided the generation of Ti(C,N) that could reduce interfacial tension of slag, which induced the formation of foaming slag seriously. Furthermore, jam of chargings and bubble flooding would be triggered, resulting in deterioration of BF state, increase of iron loss and decline of desulfurization rate.     

提高反射炉炼锑直收率的措施探讨

我国锑资源丰富,随着市场需求的不断增加,火法炼锑也不断发展。从工艺来看,基本上还是以反射炉还原熔炼为主,但直收率低是火法炼锑中一个较普遍的问题。文章根据生产实践,分析了华锡集团河池冶金化工厂反射炉炼锑过程中,锑金属的损失途径及直收率偏低的现状原因,并就如何提高该过程的冶炼直收率提出几点措施。     

黄金冶炼废水铜的萃取回收

采用萃取工艺从黄金冶炼废水中回收铜,考查了萃取剂浓度、相比O/A、混合时间、pH值等因素对铜萃取率的影响,获得优化工艺条件:萃取剂浓度为20%,相比O/A=2:1,混合时间为3 min,pH值1.5～2。在优化工艺条件下开展了工业试验,铜萃取率可达95%以上,反萃液铜离子浓度可达到36 g/L以上,满足铜电积工序要求,实现了铜的高效回收。     

某含铜物料综合回收镍铜工艺研究

对某含铜物料进行常压通氧酸浸研究,考察液固比、加酸量、温度、浸出时间对含铜物料中镍、铜浸出率的影响。结果表明,在常压条件下通过酸浸能够将含铜物料中的铜浸出,镍部分浸出,在下述最佳浸出条件下,铜、镍、铁的浸出率分别为96.65%、7.63%、39.84%:液固比8∶1、温度85℃、加酸量120g/L、时间6h。     

还原挥发法从低品位含锗煤灰中提取锗

以褐煤经过一次挥发焙烧后获得的煤灰为原料、碳作为发热剂和还原剂,采用还原焙烧法富集其中的锗,考察煤灰和球团粒度、焙烧温度和时间、还原气氛等对锗挥发率的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内,还原气氛越强,锗的挥发率越高;煤灰和球团粒度对锗挥发率的影响较小;在不需额外补充气体和活性炭的条件下,在1000℃焙烧2h可使锗挥发率达到99.33%以上。     

含钴铜水淬渣还原熔炼综合回收研究

以焦炭和粉煤为还原剂,分别研究了还原温度、还原剂配入量、还原时间对渣中钴和铜的回收率的影响。实验结果表明,以粉煤为还原剂进行还原熔炼时,铜和钴的回收率较高。当还原温度为1300℃、粉煤配入量15%、还原时间1 h、石灰加入量3%~5%时,钴和铜的回收率分别为97.06%和93.42%。     

从锌冶炼废渣中回收银的生产实践

介绍陕西锌业有限公司年产10t银锭的生产运行情况。含银0.015%的酸浸底流矿浆经过浮选,得到含银0.5%的银精矿。银精矿经硫脲浸出,浸出率达90%。7个月生产含银99.99%的银锭7t,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。