植酸酶对肉鸡生长及磷利用率的影响

在饲料中降低无机磷用量,添加不同的比例黑曲霉植酸酶,以确定其对鸡的作用效果。结果表明,在０￣３周龄肉鸡饲料中添加质量分数为０．０５％和０．１０％的植酸酶后,无机磷的添加量从对照组的１．３８％降到处理组的１．０６％;添加同样比例的植酸酶,４￣７周龄肉鸡饲料中的无机磷添加量从对照组的１．１４％降到处理组的０．８３％和０．５２％。添加植酸酶,降低无机磷用量后对肉鸡的增重无显著影响。肉鸡血清中无机磷的含量     

植酸酶对肉鸡生长和磷利用率影响的研究

选用５００只１日龄ＡＡ肉鸡仔鸡,随机分为１个对照组和４个处理组,每组设２个重复,通过降低饲料中有效磷的水平,添加不同比例植酸酶的方法进行饲喂试验。研究结果表明,植酸酶对肉鸡生长和饲料中磷利用率有明显促进作用,肉鸡日增重增加２．０１％～５．６７％,料肉比减少１．３８％～２．３１％,血清磷含量提高了１．６０～２．４６倍,植酸磷的利用率提高１１．４５％～３１．３６％,粪磷的排泄率减少了１．５８％～８．３２％,均优于对照组。     

日粮中添加无机磷和植酸酶对肉鸡骨骼及生长性能的影响

【目的】研究不同无机磷水平日粮中添加植酸酶对肉鸡生长性能及骨骼的影响,以确定适宜的无机磷和植酸酶用量。【方法】选取1日龄肉鸡1 500只,随机分为5个处理,对照组日粮中添加16.3 g/kg磷酸氢钙,其余4组分别添加12.3,8.2,4.1和0 g/kg磷酸氢钙后再添加500 FTU/kg植酸酶,各组钙磷比为1.2~1.4,测定各组鸡的生长性能、胫骨鲜重、胫骨脱脂重、胫骨灰分和矿物质元素含量以及胫骨折断强度。【结果】未添加磷酸氢钙组肉鸡的日平均采食量、日增重均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);添加8.2 g/kg磷酸氢钙组肉鸡日增重最高,料重比最低;肉鸡胫骨鲜重、脱脂率在各处理间差异不显著(P>0.05),脱脂率随日粮中添加无机磷水平的降低而升高;胫骨脱脂重随日粮中无机磷水平下降而降低,28日龄未添加磷酸氢钙组肉鸡的胫骨脱脂重显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。28日龄肉鸡胫骨灰分含量以未添加磷酸氢钙组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);胫骨钙、磷含量以未添加磷酸氢钙组低于其他各组,但各组差异不显著(P>0.05);28日龄肉鸡胫骨镁、锰、铜、铁、锌含量随日粮中无机磷添加水平的降低而逐渐升高,42日龄肉鸡胫骨镁、锰、铁含量在添加植酸酶组也有同样变化。肉鸡胫骨折断强度以未添加磷酸氢钙组低于其他各组,其中28日龄肉鸡该组胫骨折断强度显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。【结论】日粮中添加植酸酶能提高肉鸡生长性能及矿物质元素的利用率,但不能完全替代磷酸氢钙,以添加8.2 g/kg磷酸氢钙组(0~4周龄:Ca 7.6 g/kg,总磷(TP)5.4 g/kg;5~7周龄:Ca 7.0 g/kg,TP 5.3 g/kg)后再添加植酸酶对肉鸡的饲养效果较好,鉴于植酸酶对矿物元素的释放作用,有必要重新评定日粮配方中矿物元素的需要量。     

日粮中添加植酸酶对草鱼生长的影响

在饲料中添加植酸酶能增加草鱼的日增重和日采食量,降低饵料系数和死亡率;而且还能提高植酸磷的利用率,减少饲料中无机磷的添加量,减轻植酸磷对养殖水体的污染.     

植酸酶在肉鸡日粮中应用效果的研究进展

植酸酶是一种绿色饲料添加剂,在畜禽饲料中添加能够提高饲料中磷利用率,降低动物排泄物中磷含量,从而减少对环境的污染。文章综述了植酸酶的来源和生理学特性,在肉鸡日粮中添加一定量的植酸酶对肉鸡钙磷利用率、日增重、日采食量和饲料养分利用率以及胫骨钙磷沉积等方面的影响。     

植酸酶对草鱼生长性能及植酸磷代谢的影响

选用120尾当年鱼种,随机分为4组(即对照组I、组I、I组I、II组,每组30尾)进行饲养。对照组饲喂基础日粮,I组饲喂基础日粮+500 U植酸酶,II组饲喂基础日粮+1 000 U植酸酶,III组饲喂基础日粮+1 500 U植酸酶。结果表明:在饲料中添加植酸酶,可以提高草鱼的平均日增重、平均日采食量,降低饵料系数和死亡率;而且,饲料中添加植酸酶,提高了植酸磷的利用率,减少饲料中无机磷的添加量,减少植酸磷对养殖水体的污染。     

不同来源的豆饼、日粮中氯和非植酸磷水平对肉用仔鸡胫骨软骨症的影响

 本试验研究不同来源的豆饼、日粮中氯和非植酸磷水平对肉用仔公鸡生长性能和胫骨软骨症（TD）的影响。采用9种不同来源的豆饼，2种日粮，共18个日粮处理。日粮中氯和非植酸磷水平分别为0.15%和0.44%，为对照日粮；0.35%和1.00%，为TD-诱发日粮。试验结果表明，根据饲喂不同来源的豆饼，采食对照日粮的鸡其TD发病率为2.5-38.8%；采食TD-诱发日粮的鸡其TD发病率为61.3%-97.5%。TD发病率与鸡生长速度之间相关系数为r=0.52（P＜0.01）。高磷、高氯日粮导致TD的发病率高，对鸡胫骨灰分无影响（P＜0.05）。商品用豆饼对仔鸡TD发病率的影响存在差异。豆饼中铝、钡、铜、钠、硅、锌元素的水平显著地影响小鸡TD的发病率。     

日粮中添加不同脂肪酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响

试验探讨日粮中添加不同脂肪酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响。结果表明,在日粮降低0.29 MJ·kg~(-1)的基础上,添加不同脂肪酶200 g·t~(-1),可改善黄羽肉鸡均重、耗料增重比等生长性能指标,但不同的脂肪酶改善效果不一。     

日粮添加山梨酸对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响

为了探讨山梨酸对黄羽肉鸡的饲养效果,进行了日粮添加山梨酸对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响试验。选用270只雌性21日龄速生型黄羽肉鸡,分为3组,其日粮分别为基础日粮、基础日粮+土霉素10 mg/kg、基础日粮+山梨酸6 g/kg,在相同的饲养管理条件下,统计比较各组平均日增重、日采食量和料重比。研究结果表明,山梨酸对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能有一定的促进作用。     

低磷日粮添加植酸酶对肉鸡营养学效应影响研究

２８０只同同壳的艾维茵肉鸡,随机分成４组,饲喂玉米－－米糠－－豆饼型日粮,采用饲养试验、代谢试验、生化指标分析等来研究低磷日粮添加植酸酶与磷酸氢钙,对共生长性能、组织中酶活和矿和质含量及蛋白质利用率影响。Ⅰ组为低磷组,Ⅱ组为添加磷酸氢钙组,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为添加３７５,７５０ｕ／ｋｇ的植酸酶组。试验结果表明：（１）添加 酶可提高钙、磷及蛋白质利用率,降低粪中磷的排泄量。（２）各组肝及胫骨中铜、锌、钙、磷含     

Nonphytate Phosphorus Requirement and Efficacy of a Genetically Engineered Yeast Phytase for Yellow Broilers at 22- to 42-d-Old Age

An experiment was conducted to investigate the requirement of nonphytate phosphorus (OP) and efficacy of a genetically engineered yeast phytase (PHY A) for Lingnan yellow broilers from 22- to 42-d-old age. A total of 1320 1 -d-old male chicks were randomly divided into 11 dietary treatment groups, which consisted of 4 replicate floor pens with 30 birds per pen.The control group (treatment 1) was fed with basal diet of nPP 0.08% without dicalcium phosphate or phytase supplementation. Dietary levels of nPP were 0.16, 0.24, 0.32, 0.40, 0.48, and 0.56%, respectively, for treatments 2 to 7,through addition of dicalcium phosphate (chemistry grade) to the basal diet. Diets of treatments 8 to 11 were supplemented with PHY A at 200, 400 and 600 U kg-t, a commercial phytase product (PHY B) at 400 U kg-1 level, respectively. The birds in 0.32-0.56% nPP groups gained more than those of the other groups (P<0.05). The nPP supplementation significantly improved feed intake (P<0.05). The feed gain ratio was significantly decreased by 0.40% nPP diet compared to the control birds (P<0.05). The level of 0.48% nPP was required for optimum tibia development. The additions of PHY A at 400 and 600 U kg-1 level and PHY B all significantly improved ADG (P<0.05), ADFI (P<0.05), and dry defatted tibia weight (P<0.05).Similarly, the percentage of tibia ash was increased by 600 U kg-1 PHY A supplementation (P<0.05). The requirement of nPP for maximal ADG and highest percentage tibia ash both was 0.40%. The phosphorus equivalency value of PHY A was estimated as 685 U kg-1 for male yellow broilers of 22- to 42-d-old age.     

植酸酶对仔鸡生长和磷利用率的影响

选用180只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为对照组和试验组,研究在低有效磷日粮中添加AsN1980植酸酶干曲对肉仔鸡生长性能及磷利用的影响。研究结果表明:植酸酶对肉鸡生长和饲料中磷的利用率有明显促进作用,料肉比减少0 233～0 256,磷的利用率提高7 63%～8 27%,均优于对照组(P<0 05)。     

饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对黄羽肉鸡生产性能 和肉品质的影响

【目的】研究43-63日龄阶段饲粮代谢能（ME）和粗蛋白质（CP）水平对快大型黄羽肉鸡生产性能和肉品质的影响及其生化机制。【方法】试验采用两因子完全随机设计（ME：11.93和12.98 MJ•kg-1）×3（CP：14.6%、15.8%和17.0%）,选用43日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡公鸡840只,以体重一致原则分为6个处理,每个处理4重复,每个重复35只鸡,试验期21 d。各处理组饲粮赖氨酸和蛋氨酸水平与CP水平的比例保持一致,其它营养水平各处理组均一致。试验期间试验鸡地面平养,自由采食颗粒料和自由饮水。【结果】①与饲粮11.93 MJ•kg-1 ME组比较,12.98 MJ•kg-1组试验鸡平均日增重、胸肌pH和肉色a*值、腿肌中乳酸含量、血浆中游离脂肪酸含量显著提高（P＜0.05）,料重比、肉色b*值、血浆脂蛋白脂酶活性显著降低（P＜0.05）。②饲粮CP17%组料重比显著低于15.8%（P＜0.05）和14.6%组（P＜0.05）,半净膛率显著高于14.6%组（P＜0.05）,血浆甘油三酯含量显著低于14.6%组（P＜0.05）,胸肌谷氨酸含量显著低于15.8%（P＜0.05）。饲粮CP水平为17%组胸肌b*值显著高于15.8%和14.6%组（P＜0.05）。③饲粮ME和CP水平对试验鸡胸肌中谷氨酸含量、腿肌纤维直径与密度、血浆中游离脂肪酸含量有显著交互作用（P＜0.05）。【结论】若以生长性能和胴体品质为评定指标,43—63日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡饲粮适宜的ME 和CP水平分别为12.98 MJ•kg-1和17%,此时的饲粮蛋能比为13.10 g•MJ-1;综合考虑肉品质指标评定,饲粮适宜的ME 和CP水平分别为12.98 MJ•kg-1和15.8%,此时的饲粮蛋能比为12.17 g•MJ-1。     

The Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Phytase Transgenic Corn on Growth Performance,Phosphorus Utilization and Excretion in Growing Pigs （Sus scrofa）

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with phytase transgenic corn (PTC)on growth performance, phosphorus (P) utilization and excretion in growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 180 pigs (Large White ×Landrace, BW=37.7 kg) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments with 5 replicates of 9 pigs each in order to evaluate the effect of PTC supplementation in low-P diets on growth performance. Four corn soybean meal-based diets consisted of a positive control (PC) diet, a diet containing 500 units (U) of exogenous phytase kg-1 (EP) on the basis of low-P (inorganic P reduced by 0.05% from PC diet) and the low-P+500 (PTC1) or 750 (PTC2) phytase U ofPTC kg-1. In Exp. 2, 20 barrows (Large White×Landrace, BW=31 kg, 4 treatments with 5 replicates of 1 pig each) were randomly selected to evaluate the effect of PTC in low-P diets on serum parameters and nutrient utilization. Diets in Exp. 2 were similar to those in Exp. 1except that the EP group was replaced by a low-P diet without exogenous phytase supplementation as a negative control (NC) group. The results from Exp. 1 showed that the average daily gain (ADG) in the PTC2 group was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than that in the EP group over all periods. On the other hand, the feed:gain (F:G) ratio of the EP group was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than that of the PTC2 group during 1-21 and 1-42 d, respectively. There were no differences in average daily feed intake (ADFI) among all treatments (P＞0.05). The results from Exp. 2 showed that the concentration of serum Ca in the NC group was the highest (P＜0.05), while the concentration of serum P in the PTC2 group was the highest (P＜0.05) among all treatments. There was a significant decrease (P＜0.05) in the P apparent digestibility of the NC group compared with the other groups, and that of PTC2 group was the best. Furthermore, fecal P excretion was reduced (P＜0.05) from 1.80 g d-1 in the PC group to 1.28 g d-1 in the PTC2 group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PTC could reduce the application of inorganic P, decrease fecal P excretion, and improve the growth performance of growing pigs.