共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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制备了稳定的TritonX-100/正己醇/环己烷/水四元反相微乳液体系,研究了不同比例TritonX-100、正己醇、环己烷对微乳液体系的影响,绘制了反相微乳液体系的三元相图,确定了微乳液法制取纳米羟基磷灰石的最佳条件,用“微反应器”合成了纳米羟基磷灰石粉体。通过X射线衍射仪、TEM、SEM和IR对羟基磷灰石的颗粒进行表征和分析表明:颗粒分散均匀,呈杆状,a轴尺寸为20~40nm左右,c轴尺寸为60~80nm。此方法可以有效地控制和改变HAP的分散性和粒度大小。 相似文献
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通过红外光谱仪测定两种墨水的微乳液结构。结果表明,醚氧键中的羟基与H2O分子作用后因形成氢键,而且有强烈的相互作用;正己醇分子在该反相微乳液中水分子作用很弱,而且推断它位于反相微乳液的栅状层;随着微乳液中含水量的增大,水分子O-H伸缩振动峰的强度和频率均发生变化,其吸收强度变大,峰面积增加,频率也向低频方向位移;体系中存在三种水:结合水、捕获水和自由水。并探讨了其反应机理。 相似文献
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采用CTAB/正戊醇/正辛烷/水反相微乳液体系,制备了BaF2纳米粉体.研究了微乳液体系中(水与表面活性剂的摩尔比)对BaF2尺寸和形貌的影响.用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪表征样品的形貌和结构.结果表明:所得产物粒径为80nm~800nm. 相似文献
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以环己烷/H_2O/CTAB/正丁醇形成的反相微乳液体系为反应介质,其中,水相为调节Ce(NO_3)_3溶液pH值形成的溶胶,研究了Ce(NO_3)_3浓度、溶胶和反相微乳液体系的温度、反相微乳液体系pH值对CeO_2粒径的影响,并用XRD、激光粒度仪对样品进行了表征。结果表明,可以在1~100 nm内制备出粒径可控的CeO_2颗粒。控制Ce(NO_3)_3浓度为1.2 mol/L、溶胶和反相微乳液体系的温度为25℃、反相微乳液体系pH值为8,可得到D_(90)粒径在25~45 nm的CeO_2颗粒。 相似文献
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采用CTAB/正戊醇/正辛烷/水反相微乳液体系,制备了BaF2纳米粉体。研究了微乳液体系中ω0(水与表面活性剂的摩尔比)对BaF2尺寸和形貌的影响。用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪表征样品的形貌和结构。结果表明:所得产物粒径为80nm-800nm。 相似文献
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系统地研究了Span80-Tween60/助乳化剂/油/FeCl3反相微乳液体系。通过正交实验,进行方差分析,得出最佳反相微乳液体系。通过均匀实验和全面实验,绘制出体系的拟三元相图,并由相图得出体系的最佳比例。绘制出最大溶水量与温度的曲线,从而确定最佳乳化温度。在最佳温度、最佳比例下,配制出两种墨水,并测定了墨水的表面张力、粘度、电导率和稳定性等性能。 相似文献
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通过测定微乳液的电导率值,确定配制W/O型Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水微乳液的最大增溶水量;根据微乳液含水量与电导率关系曲线及体系的拟三元相图,讨论了正构醇种类、正构醇含量、乳化剂与油相质量比对W/O型微乳液的结构、电导率、增溶水量的影响。结果表明:乳化剂与油相质量比大于1时,正戊醇、正己醇和正庚醇为助剂配制的Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系微乳液有较大的增溶水量,而乳化剂与油相质量比大于1.5时,以正丁醇为助剂配制的Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系微乳液才有较大的增溶水量;正构醇的链长及加入量影响微液滴界面膜的强度,从而影响微乳液的增溶水量、电导率及微乳液形成区域的大小;对于Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系,正戊醇是形成W/O型微乳液的较好助剂,当正戊醇与Triton X-100的质量比为0.5时,W/O型微乳液的形成区域最大。 相似文献
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介绍了Triton X-100反相微乳液体系的形成机理、特性和制备纳米粒子的原理,总结了采用Triton X-100体系制备纳米粒子的影响因素。综述了近年来国内外用该微乳液系统制备纳米粒子的新进展,提出了该体系制备纳米颗粒存在的问题。 相似文献
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微乳液法制备纳米球形YAG:Ce3+荧光粉及其发光性能 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用反相微乳液法,以水/曲拉通X-100/正己醇/(环己烷 正己烷)为微乳体系,铝(Al)、钇(Y)和(Ce)的硝酸盐和氯化物作为起始反应物,氨水作为沉淀剂,成功制备了纳米球形铈掺杂钇铝石榴石(cerium doped yttrium aluminum garnet,YAG:Ce3 )荧光粉.实验表明:单相YAG可以在800℃合成,比周相反应法合成温度(1 500℃)大幅度降低.用失重-差热分析仪、Fourier变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、荧光分光光度计等对粉体特性进行了表征.结果表明:粉体颗粒粒径约为50nm,粒度分布均匀,球形度好,分散性好,粉体的激发光谱为双峰结构,主激发波长为469nm,发射波长为532nm,适用于白光发光二极管. 相似文献
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微乳液法制备条件对纳米SiO_2粒子形貌和粒径分布的影响 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
研究TritonX - 10 0 /正辛醇 /环己烷 /水 (或氨水 )微乳液稳定相行为与制备条件的关系 ,发现K〔m(TritonX - 10 0 )∶m(正辛醇 )〕 =1 5 ,而水相是氨水时微乳液系统有较宽单相W/O型微乳区 ,是正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS)水解制备纳米SiO2 粒子的适宜介质系统。在h〔n(H2 O)∶n(TEOS)〕 =4 ,R〔n(H2 O)∶n(TritonX - 10 0 )〕 =6 5和K =1 5的条件下 ,TEOS受控水解制得疏松球形无定形晶态SiO2 粒子 ,粒度分析表明 99 7%粒径为 4 0~ 5 0nm 相似文献
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对表面活性剂SDS、CTAB、Triton X-114和Triton X-100水溶液物性及其池核沸腾传热进行了试验,重点探讨了表面活性剂分子结构参数和溶液物性对沸腾传热的影响。结果表明:表面活性剂溶液沸腾传热效果、表面活性剂相对分子质量对表面活性剂溶液沸腾传热的影响规律都与表面活性剂的电离特性密切相关,离子型表面活性剂SDS与CTAB溶液的沸腾传热系数比值与相对分子质量的比值成-0.22的指数关系,而非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114和Triton X-100溶液不存在指数关系。动态表面张力和热流密度相等时,SDS和CTAB溶液沸腾传热特性差异主要受相对分子质量和平衡接触角的影响,而Triton X-100和Triton X-114溶液则受质量分数、EO基团数、浊点和动力黏度的综合作用。 相似文献
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A two-reverse-microemulsion precipitation technique was applied to synthesize nanocrystalline tetragonal zirconia using H2O solution/CTAB/hexanol as the microemulsion system. Two solutions of reverse microemulsion, one containing Zr4+ aqueous droplets and the other aqueous ammonia droplets with the same water/surfactant ratio, were prepared separately and mixed together to form a slurry of nanosized ZrO2 precursors, which filled the matrix of the surfactant, CTAB. The precursors were recovered, calcined to form nanocrystalline zirconia powder, and then characterized by using a transmission electron microscope to determine the particle size, a scanning electron microscope to examine the microstructure of the zirconia powder, and an X-ray diffractometer to determine the crystal phase and crystallite size. It is concluded that the primary particle size of the precursor determines the transformation temperature of the precursor and the crystal structure of the calcined zirconia. 相似文献
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The electrochemical oxidation of propyl gallate (PG) in various surfactant solutions (AOT, Triton X-100 and CTAB) and microemulsions
stabilised by the anionic surfactant SDS was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. This method has been widely applied to
determine the role of microenvironment on antioxidative properties of natural and synthetic substances used to protect food
and other products against oxidation. In general, the addition of surface-active agents to the system makes the oxidation
of propyl gallate more difficult. The peak potential is shifted to more positive values due to the interaction of the electroactive
substance with the surfactant structures at the electrode and with micelles in the bulk solution. In microemulsions the oxidation
process is even more difficult than in the surfactant containing solutions. The oxidation potential increases significantly
when the O/W microemulsion converts to W/O microemulsion through the bicontinuous phase. 相似文献
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A two-reverse-microemulsion precipitation technique was applied to synthesize nanocrystalline tetragonal zirconia using H2O solution/CTAB/hexanol as the microemulsion system. Two solutions of reverse microemulsion, one containing Zr4+ aqueous droplets and the other aqueous ammonia droplets with the same water/surfactant ratio, were prepared separately and mixed together to form a slurry of nanosized ZrO2 precursors, which filled the matrix of the surfactant, CTAB. The precursors were recovered, calcined to form nanocrystalline zirconia powder, and then characterized by using a transmission electron microscope to determine the particle size, a scanning electron microscope to examine the microstructure of the zirconia powder, and an X-ray diffractometer to determine the crystal phase and crystallite size. It is concluded that the primary particle size of the precursor determines the transformation temperature of the precursor and the crystal structure of the calcined zirconia. 相似文献