血清MMP——3与膝骨关节炎活动性的相关性研究

[目的]探讨基质金属蛋白酶-3(matrix metalloproteinase 3,MMP-3)血清水平与膝骨关节炎活动性的相关性.[方法]采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),检测20例健康人及20例膝骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)患者血清MMP-3水平,以分析其与OA活动性的关系.[结果]OA病人血清中MMP3水平(119±94 ng/ml)明显高于正常对照组(101±72 ng/ml),P＜0.05.[结论]MMP-3是反应OA病情活动的指标,在膝骨关节炎患者血清中高水平存在提示已有关节软骨的破坏.     

应用自适应权值矩阵的图像复原

由于自然图像先验模型的概率密度函数的非高斯性(稀疏性的)会导致图像复原的最优化函数不再是凸的,传统意义上的最大后验估计已不能很好地求得最优估计解,因此本文提出利用自适应权值矩阵来解决这一问题.进行图像复原时,首先利用自然图像先验模型有效地抑制振铃效应,然后利用基于自适应权值矩阵的共轭梯度算法来解决由于稀疏先验模型导致的最优化函数非凸的问题.权值矩阵可根据上一次的迭代结果进行更新,并能够纠正图像在上一次迭代过程中局部区域导数估计的错误.实验结果显示,利用本文方法得到复原图像的峰值信噪比(PSNR)为36.131 6,优于其它算法.最后,用本文方法对全景图像进行复原,得到了很好的复原效果,证明了本文方法的实用性和有效性.     

自适应振动控制中的输出饱和抑制

针对结构振动的自适应控制,讨论控制器输出饱和的影响并给出相应的抑制方法。在跟踪滤波和滤波X LMS(FXLMS)方法的基础上,通过引入Sigmoid函数并进行自适应控制器权系数的约束优化来获得权系数的调整规律,使控制器输出快速脱离饱和区,而且被控对象的振动以更快速度衰减。通过数值仿真研究一个试验系统的自适应控制器的饱和非线性及其抑制效果,结果表明所提方法能够有效地抑制输出饱和的影响,显著改善自适应控制器的性能。     

面向领域自适应的部分最优传输高光谱图像分类

针对高光谱遥感图像分类时有标注的源域训练数据与无标注目标域数据分布不一致的问题,提出基于部分最优传输的无监督领域自适应方法,实现对处于不同数据分布的高光谱遥感地物像素级分类。利用深度卷积神经网络将样本映射到潜在高维空间,根据部分最优传输理论建立样本传输方案,最小化域间分布差异,构建适配模型。采用类感知采样技术和质量分数因子自适应调整策略,促进域间类别对齐,建立全局最优传输。在两组公开高光谱遥感图像数据集上进行实验,从总体分类精度OA（%）、类别平均分类精度AA（%）、分类一致性检验Kappa（×100）等3个评价指标对像素分类结果量化比较。实验结果显示,在两组迁移任务上,相较于仅使用源域数据的基线模型,总体分类准确率分别提升2.21%和2.75%,相较于原始最优传输策略提升1.71%和2.01%,表明模型能够有效提升高光谱遥感影像中像素级地物的分类精度。     

基于自适应特征选择k子凸包的滚动轴承故障诊断

滚动轴承故障诊断中往往将特征选择和分类器的设计分别进行研究,从而难以获得满意的分类精度。将特征选择和分类器寻优结合起来,提出了一种自适应特征选择k子凸包(Adaptive Feature Selection K-sub Convex Hull, AFSKCH)的分类模型,从而实现了故障特征自适应选择和分类的一体化。首先,利用凸包距离函数保持数据流形上的局部邻域结构,通过交替构造k子凸包得到特征权值矩阵;其次,采用线性规划接近度方法求解k子凸包距离,利用乘子交替方向法得到自适应特征空间;最后,根据测试点到k子凸包的最小重构距离进行分类。滚动轴承故障振动信号分析结果表明,该方法特征选择性能优于其他特征选择方法,且具有较高的分类精度。     

特征融合和模型自适应更新相结合的相关滤波目标跟踪

提出了一种基于自适应特征融合和自适应模型更新的相关滤波跟踪算法(CFT)。该算法在跟踪的训练阶段利用损失函数计算特征的自适应权重,在检测阶段对不同特征的响应图进行加权求和,从而实现了响应图层面的自适应特征融合。设计了自适应的模型更新策略,采用响应图的峰值旁瓣比判断是否发生遮挡或错误跟踪,据此决定是否在当前帧更新目标模型。在11个视频序列上对所提算法进行了实验,验证了所采用的自适应特征融合策略和自适应模型更新策略的有效性。与多个传统的采用单特征的相关滤波跟踪算法进行了比较,结果显示,所提算法的跟踪精度和成功率典型值分别提升了18.2%和11.5%。实验结果验证了特征融合和自适应模型更新对跟踪算法的改进具有指导意义。     

用集成过程神经网络预测民航发动机振动趋势

提出了一种集成过程神经网络预测模型用于民航发动机振动信号趋势预测。首先,对AdaBoost.RT算法的误差函数进行了改进,并采用自适应调整策略在训练过程中自动调节算法的分类阈值;然后,以改进的AdaBoost.RT算法为集成学习框架构建集成过程神经网络(process neural network,简称PNN)预测模型。通过对两组实际民航发动机振动信号序列的预测对集成模型的预测效果进行了评估。结果表明,在具有更加简单网络结构的情况下,集成PNN模型的预测效果好于单一PNN模型。此外,提出的改进AdaBoost.RT算法的效果优于原始AdaBoost.RT以及仅改进了阈值调整方法的AdaBoost.RT算法。对比结果表明,提出的集成PNN模型适用于民航发动机振动信号变化趋势预测。     

用集成过程神经网络预测民航发动机振动趋势

提出了一种集成过程神经网络预测模型用于民航发动机振动信号趋势预测。首先,对AdaBoost.RT算法的误差函数进行了改进,并采用自适应调整策略在训练过程中自动调节算法的分类阈值;然后,以改进的AdaBoost.RT算法为集成学习框架构建集成过程神经网络(process neural network,简称PNN)预测模型。通过对两组实际民航发动机振动信号序列的预测对集成模型的预测效果进行了评估。结果表明,在具有更加简单网络结构的情况下,集成PNN模型的预测效果好于单一PNN模型。此外,提出的改进AdaBoost.RT算法的效果优于原始AdaBoost.RT以及仅改进了阈值调整方法的AdaBoost.RT算法。对比结果表明,提出的集成PNN模型适用于民航发动机振动信号变化趋势预测。     

制造云服务组合异常自适应调整方法

为解决云制造环境下服务组合过程中出现的异常问题,提出了一种制造云服务组合异常自适应调整方法。通过建立异常处理模型对异常信息进行捕获、分类和抽象,并给出了一系列相应的异常调整策略,利用异常处理评测机制和异常自适应调整算法,实现服务组合对异常情况的自适应调整。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地解决异常问题,提高制造云服务组合的柔性。     

考虑含矸率时变性的多臂协同策略优化方法

针对煤炭生产过程中,原煤含矸率时变性引起分拣效率低的问题,本文综合考虑矸石质量、矸石识别置信度、机械臂分拣时间等因素,通过一种多因素融合效益矩阵的方法,优化时变含矸率条件下的多机械臂煤矸分拣策略。提出了一种基于效益矩阵的多机械臂协同策略模型,以分拣效益和拣矸率共同作为策略的评价标准。通过采用相似性原理,构建小样本矸石流模型;利用熵权法量化效益矩阵的元素参量;最后,采用FCFS策略方法及本文策略方法进行多组对比实验,实验结果表明,通过效益矩阵优化的多臂协同策略能够有效解决过矸量大时的矸石任务分配问题,相对FCFS策略方法,提高拣矸率的同时,有效提高了选煤质量。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.