耐热铝合金及其复合材料的制备、应用和强化机制

铝合金及其复合材料(铝基材料)具有低密度、高导热性、高比强度和高比刚度等一系列优点,被广泛应用在航空航天、交通运输以及军工等领域。目前,铝合金及其复合材料在室温力学性能方面和微观结构设计方面的研究已经取得了一定的进展,高温力学性能方面却表现得差强人意。近年来,随着航空航天、军工以及交通运输等领域的快速发展,高强耐热铝合金及其复合材料在实际应用中的需求快速增长。本文综述了耐热铝基材料的制备方法以及应用现状,阐述了现有制备方法的特点与不足之处,指出限制材料实际应用的几点关键因素,包括制备成本问题、工艺方法问题,并分析了耐热铝基材料的强化机制。最后提出设计耐热铝基材料的重点因素,并展望了耐热铝基材料的发展趋势。     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料在航空航天领域的应用

详细介绍了制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料较为成熟的4种工艺,分析了各自的优缺点,综述了颗粒增强铝基复合材料在国内外航空航天领域中的一些成功应用,同时对我国发展颗粒增强铝基复合材料提出了一些建议.     

基于Innography的铝基复合材料专利分析

铝基复合材料(AMC)广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、电子和机械制造等领域。基于Innography分析平台收录的铝基复合材料相关专利数据,从专利申请和授权的年度趋势、发明人所在地、专利申请地、专利分类体系分布以及专利权人的角度,结合产业信息,分析了铝基复合材料专利的整体产出、重点技术领域以及研发机构情况等。研究表明,全球铝基复合材料研究始于20世纪60年代末,随着中国对该领域研发与知识产权重视程度的提高,铝基复合材料相关专利申请数量自2011年起开始快速上升,但在该领域缺少龙头企业,相关研发以大学和科研院所为主,尚需培育其市场需求。     

碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料的航空航天应用

综合评述了近年来碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料在航空航天领域所获得的一系列成功应用，并较为详尽地介绍了它们的具体应用情况以及对相关产品与装备所产生的积极作用。此外，还例举、分析和展望了该种复合材料在我国航空航天飞行器惯寻系统、光机结构及电子元器件中的几个颇具前景的应用方向。     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的摩擦磨损研究进展

对国内外有关SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料摩擦磨损的研究现状进行了系统的综述,分别介绍了内部因素(包括颗粒粒径、颗粒含量、颗粒形貌和基体材料)和外部因素(包括载荷、速度、温度和电流)对SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并总结了SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料在交通运输、航空航天和电子等领域中的应用。     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料强韧化机制的研究新进展

轻质高强高韧铝基复合材料已成为汽车、航空航天及5G通讯等领域轻量化发展的重要基础材料之一.但高强度与高韧性不兼备以及加工成形性差成为限制其发展的瓶颈,铝基复合材料的强韧化成为近年来的研究热点.本文综述了颗粒增强铝基复合材料力学性能的主要影响因素以及强韧化机制方面的最新研究进展,特别是关于增强颗粒的构型化设计对高性能铝基复合材料强韧性的重要影响,以及非均匀材料中的异质变形诱导(HDI)强化新机制,并展望了其未来研究和发展趋势,为开发高性能的铝基复合材料提供理论指导.     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状

本文综合评述了颗粒增强铝基复合材料增强相的选择及其有关性能。着重介绍了颗粒增强铝基复合材料的各种制备工艺及特点，以及颗粒增强铝基复合材料的机械性能和物理性能，并列举了颗粒增强铝基复合材料在一些领域中的应用情况。     

连续纤维增强钛铝金属间化合物基复合材料的研究进展

综合论述了连续纤维增强钛铝金属间化合物基复合材料的进展情况,介绍了复合材料在发动机等航空航天领域应用的优势,总结归纳了基体的特性、常用纤维增强体、复合材料的力学性能、界面问题和制备技术.在此基础之上提出了今后的发展方向.     

等离子弧焊接铝及其复合材料研究进展

铝合金及铝基复合材料在船舶、汽车、电子电器、航空航天等许多行业中有着广阔的应用前景。而焊接技术是其广泛应用的技术关键。重点介绍了等离子弧焊技术在铝合金及铝基复合材料中的应用现状,综述了等离子弧焊接接头的微观组织性能、铝合金等离子弧焊数值模拟及新型等离子弧焊的应用,并总结了等离子弧焊接铝合金及铝基复合材料目前存在的主要问题,展望了其未来的发展趋势。     

原位合成TiB2颗粒增强铝基复合材料研究进展

原位合成技术制备的铝基复合材料,权衡了强度和塑性间的矛盾,有望实现铝基复合材料的结构功能一体化。原位合成TiB₂颗粒增强铝基复合材料比刚度,比模量高,具有优异的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、耐磨性能和抗疲劳性能,是近年来金属基复合材料的研究热点之一,在汽车制造、高铁动车、航空航天和国防军事等领域具有广阔的应用前景。归纳了三种原位合成TiB₂颗粒增强铝基复合材料反应体系(Al-K₂TiF₆-KBF₄体系、Al-TiO₂-B₂O₃体系和Al-Ti-B体系)的特点和优势,概述了原位合成TiB₂颗粒对铝基体晶粒尺寸、界面结合和润湿性产生影响的研究现状,对TiB₂颗粒强化铝复合材料力学性能的作用机制展开了讨论,梳理总结现阶段在此领域研究过程中仍未解决的问题,展望TiB₂颗粒增强铝基复合材料的潜在发展空间,以期为研究和开发原位合成颗粒增强铝基复合材料提供参考。     

非连续增强铝基复合材料的研究与应用进展

非连续增强铝基复合材料具有高比强度、高比模量、高导热、低热膨胀、耐磨、耐辐射等优异的综合性能,在航空、航天、空间、电子、信息、先进武器等高技术领域有重要的应用和巨大的应用潜力。主要介绍了非连续增强铝基复合材料的主要制备方法、性能特点、热加工处理,以及国内外在航天航空、电子信息、汽车等领域中的应用进展。     

碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料颗粒表面改性技术研究现状

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料因具有高的比强度、比刚度、耐磨性及较好的高温稳定性而被广泛应用于航空航天、电子、医疗等领域,但由于SiC颗粒高熔点、高硬度的特点以及SiC颗粒与铝基体间存在界面反应,碳化硅铝基复合材料存在加工性差、界面结合力不足等问题,已无法满足航天等领域对材料性能更高的要求,因此开展如何改善基体与颗粒之间界面情况的研究对进一步提升复合材料综合性能具有重要的科学意义。结合国内外现有研究成果,总结了SiC颗粒与铝基体界面强化机制、界面反应特点、表面改性技术原理及数值建模的发展现状,结果表明,现有经单一表面改性方法处理后的增强颗粒对铝基复合材料性能的提升程度有限,因此如何采用新的手段使复合材料性能进一步提升将成为后续研究热点,且基于有限元数值模拟方法进行复合材料设计也是必然趋势。最后针对单一强化性能提升有限的问题,提出了基于表面改性的柔性颗粒多模式强化方法,同时针对现有的技术难点展望了后续的研究方向,以期为颗粒增强复合材料的制备提供理论参考。     

In situ processing of TiCp-Al composites by reacting graphite with AI-Ti melts

Aluminum has been a key material, particularly in the aerospace and automotive industries, owing to its low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and recyclability. Aluminum based metal matrix composites have also become attractive candidates for various applications where monolithic aluminum alloys cannot meet the strict design requirements. Recently, particulate reinforced aluminum composites have attracted a great deal of attention. Among various techniques which have been employed in the synthesis of these composites, incorporation of the reinforcing phase particles directly into the melt is practical and economic; yet it is not trouble-free. In situ processing of particulate reinforced composites, on the other hand, yields superior microstructures and thus better properties. In the present work, such a method to manufacture TiC_p-Al composites and the microstructures obtained thereof will be described.     

Mechanical and tribological behaviour of tungsten carbide reinforced aluminum LM4 matrix composites

Aluminum-based metal matrix composites (AMCs) play a vital role for potential applications in aerospace and automotive industries. This paper explores the experimental analysis of a composite with aluminum LM4 alloy as the matrix and tungsten carbide (WC) as the reinforcement material. The composite specimens were fabricated by the stir casting process. The reinforced ratios of 5, 10 and 15?wt.% of WC particulates were stirred in molten aluminum LM4 alloy (AALM4). Once the composite is solidified, the specimens are prepared to the required ASTM dimensions and tested for various mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and hardness. Moreover, the tribological behavior of the composite was studied using the pin-on-disc wear test apparatus. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was conducted to analyze the various elements present in the composites. Finally, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis reveals the uniform distribution of WC particles in Aluminum LM4 alloy matrix. The improvement in mechanical properties – hardness, impact strength and tensile strength – was achieved for the increase in the addition of wt.% of WC particles in the LM4 matrix. The decrease in mass loss was observed for the composite containing 15?wt.% of WC during the wear test among the various composites tested.     

Effect of heat treatment on strength and abrasive wear behaviour of Al6061-SiC<Subscript>p</Subscript> composites

In recent years, aluminum alloy based metal matrix composites (MMC) are gaining importance in several aerospace and automobile applications. Aluminum 6061 has been used as matrix material owing to its excellent mechanical properties coupled with good formability and its wide applications in industrial sector. Addition of SiC_p as reinforcement in Al6061 alloy system improves its hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance. In the present investigation Al6061-SiC_p composites was fabricated by liquid metallurgy route with percentages of SiC_p varying from 4 wt% to 10 wt% in steps of 2 wt%. The cast matrix alloy and its composites have been subjected to solutionizing treatment at a temperature of 530°C for 1 h followed by quenching in different media such as air, water and ice. The quenched samples are then subjected to both natural and artificial ageing. Microstructural studies have been carried out to understand the nature of structure. Mechanical properties such as microhardness, tensile strength, and abrasive wear tests have been conducted both on matrix Al6061 and Al6061-SiC_p composites before and after heat treatment. However, under identical heat treatment conditions, adopted Al6061-SiC_p composites exhibited better microhardness and tensile strength reduced wear loss when compared with Al matrix alloy.     

Kohlenstoffaserverstärkte Kohlenstoffkörper

Carbon-Carbon Composites . Carbon-carbon composites, i. e. carbon fibre reinforced artifical carbons, are a new type of composite material for high temperature applications. They exhibits strength values up to 100 kp/mm² combined with densities lower than 2 g/cm³. Although at first developed for use in aerospace technology, in the last time they become more interesting for common applications because of their extraordinary properties. A process for the production of carbon carbon composites from commercially available endless carbon fibres and coal tar pitch as matrix precursor is presented. The properties of the composites are discussed in detail in relation to the production conditions. The high temperature strength under inert atmosphere is characterised up to 2000 °C. Literature is given for some newer applications of carbon-carbon composites.     

Reinforcement in Al Matrix Composites: A Review of Strengthening Behavior of Nano‐Sized Particles

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with the nano‐sized particles are very important materials for the applications in industrial fields. These aluminum matrix composites consist of an aluminum matrix and nano‐sized particles, which own very different physical and mechanical properties from those of the matrix. Nano‐sized particles show a more obvious strengthening effect on the matrix than the micro‐sized particles do, because of the high specific surface area which is positive for the pinning effect during the deformation process. Thus, the nano‐sized particle‐reinforced AMCs usually exhibit a good ductility. The main issues of the fabrication methods are the low wettability between the nano‐sized particles and the molten aluminum alloys, which is fatal to the conventional casting methods, and the agglomeration of nano‐sized particles which happened easier than the larger particles. Several alternative processes have been presented in literature for the production of the nano‐sized particle‐reinforced aluminum composites. This paper is aimed at reviewing the feasible manufacturing techniques used for the fabrication of nano‐sized particle‐reinforced aluminum composites. More importantly, the strengthening mechanisms and models which are responsible for the improvement of mechanical properties of the nano‐sized particle‐reinforced aluminum composites have been reviewed.