共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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无酶电化学生物传感器具有环境适用性强、稳定性高、材料简单易得、灵敏度高、检测限低等特点,近年来受到研究者广泛关注。纳米材料有类酶活性,表现出类似天然酶的酶促反应动力学和催化机理,且能够增强界面吸附性能,增加电催化活性,并促进电子转移动力学,从而广泛应用于无酶电化学生物传感器。本文探索了具有电催化活性的纳米材料及其修饰电极的制备方法,介绍了无酶电化学传感器在医疗诊断、食品检测、环境检测以及其他领域中的应用,讨论了开发基于纳米材料的电化学传感器的未来机遇和挑战。 相似文献
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聚邻苯二胺膜电极中辣根过氧化物酶的电子传递 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用酸的电化学固定法制备含辣根过氧化物酶的聚邻苯二胺膜电极,研究其伏安行为及对H2O2还原的生物电催化作用,结果表明,在所述生物电催化反应中酶与聚合物基质 直接电子传递,但对新制的酶电极而言,电聚合时生成并包埋在酶膜中的寡聚体可作为电子传递体加速氧化态酶的再生,根据酶电极电流响应实验曲线的拟合,发现经态酶的再生速度随是极电位的变化表观上符合Tafel关系式,提出了酶反应学参数的测定方法。 相似文献
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酶直接电化学与第三代生物传感器 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文详细地评述并展望了酶直接电化学与第三代生物传感器这个领域已取得的成果,主要内容涉及生物电催化的三个发展阶段,实现酶与电极之间的直接电子转移方法和相应机理、以及第三代酶传感器的研制。 相似文献
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Sabrina Ait Braham El-Hocine Siar Sara Arana-Pea Diego Carballares Roberto Morellon-Sterling Hossein Bavandi Diandra de Andrades Jakub F. Kornecki Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(4)
This paper aims to investigate the effects of some salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4) at pH 5.0, 7.0 and 9.0 on the stability of 13 different immobilized enzymes: five lipases, three proteases, two glycosidases, and one laccase, penicillin G acylase and catalase. The enzymes were immobilized to prevent their aggregation. Lipases were immobilized via interfacial activation on octyl agarose or on glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads, proteases on glyoxyl agarose or glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads. The use of high concentrations of salts usually has some effects on enzyme stability, but the intensity and nature of these effects depends on the inactivation pH, nature and concentration of the salt, enzyme and immobilization protocol. The same salt can be a stabilizing or a destabilizing agent for a specific enzyme depending on its concentration, inactivation pH and immobilization protocol. Using lipases, (NH4)2SO4 generally permits the highest stabilities (although this is not a universal rule), but using the other enzymes this salt is in many instances a destabilizing agent. At pH 9.0, it is more likely to find a salt destabilizing effect than at pH 7.0. Results confirm the difficulty of foreseeing the effect of high concentrations of salts in a specific immobilized enzyme. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(1-2):151-162
Abstract Enzyme electrodes for oxalate were constructed by immobilizing oxalate oxidase enzyme (E, C, 1,2,3,4) on both potentiometric carbon dioxide and amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensors. These systems were optimized, and the response characteristics of the two biosensors examined in a comparison study. Areas investigated include linear range, calibration curve slope, response time, limit of detection, and lifetime. Selectivity studies were carried out with the system and showed no measurable response to millimolar levels of various L-amino acids, metal ions or ascorbic acid. This comparison was extended into the choice of an optimal sensor for urinary oxalate determinations with minimal sample pretreatment. The peroxide sensor performed best in urine samples, allowing for the 1:40 dilution necessary to minimize the effect of any interferents present. At this or greater dilution, the recovery of standard additions of oxalate averaged 95.5%, with an average relative standard deviation of 4.9%. The system retained its activity throughout two weeks of continued use. 相似文献
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制备了交联血管紧张素转化酶聚集体(ACE-CLEAs),比较了ACE-CLEAs及游离ACE的酶学性质,包括最适酶促反应温度、最适pH值、Km、vmax、温度稳定性及pH稳定性等。 以酶活力回收率为参考,确定了制备ACE-CLEAs的最佳条件为:饱和度为80%的(NH4)2SO4溶液作为沉淀剂,沉淀时间0.5 h,质量分数为0.02%的戊二醛作为交联剂,交联时间1 h。 通过比较酶学性质发现,ACE-CLEAs比游离ACE具有更好的温度稳定性及pH稳定性,且与游离ACE接近的Km值表明,ACE-CLEAs对底物的亲和力与游离酶几乎相当。 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(16):1279-1289
Abstract The coupling of an enzyme immunoassay for factor VIII-related antigen with a commercial glucose oxidase based amperometric sensor permits the determination of 1.6 to 16 ng of factor XIII-related antigen in human plasma. Further pure amperometric sensors or amperometric enzyme sensors for determination of the main marker-enzymes of enzyme immunoassays are described. 相似文献
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以可重复使用的固定化酶代替游离态酶, 建立一种基于比色分析的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制剂体外筛选新模型. 采用以氨基化硅胶为载体固定的AChE优化了实验条件, 用AChE抑制剂阳性对照物他克林和毒扁豆碱对该模型进行验证, 还对模型技术参数进行评价, 并将新模型用于单体化合物及天然产物粗提物AChE抑制活性评价. 结果表明, 最佳实验条件为: 固定化酶用量55 μL, 底物浓度5 mmol/L, 甲醇、 乙醇及体积分数不高于6%的二甲基亚砜水溶液均可作为样品溶剂; 模型验证及模型技术参数评价结果良好, 该模型对AChE抑制剂筛选有较好的特异性和灵敏度, 可用于筛选AChE抑制剂. 该模型具有适用性强、 固定化酶可重复使用及结果可靠等优点, 是单体化合物及天然产物粗提物AChE抑制剂活性评价的有效方法. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(15):2641-2653
Abstract Based on the principle of enzyme inhibition, a novel and sensitive lipase biosensor to determine organophosphorus pesticide is presented. Contact of the enzyme with pesticide samples results in specific inhibition of enzyme activity. Sensor calibration was possible by correlating the inhibition of enzyme activity with various concentrations of pesticide compound in a buffer solution. The sensor was successfully used to determine pesticide concentrations ranging from a low of 167ng/ml to 1.34μg/ml, and the detection limit is 81ng/ml. The effects of temperature, pH value, incubation time and solvent were also investigated. The sensor was also applied to the determination of dimethoate residues in the peel and flesh of tomato. 相似文献
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