光伏电池最大功率点跟踪方法的研究

在光伏发电系统中,为了提高光伏电池的利用效率,需要对光伏电池的最大功率点进行跟踪。分析了在跟踪控制中常见的扰动跟踪法和功率数学模型法,比较了它们的优缺点,并基于这两种方法提出了一种改进的跟踪方法,利用MATLAB对该方法进行了仿真研究,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种改进的变步长电导增量光伏电源MPPT控制方法

光伏系统的最大功率点跟踪方法可以最大限度地利用光伏电池所能产生的电能,因此成为提高光伏发电系统运行效率、降低光伏电能成本的研究热点。针对目前常用的扰动观察法速度较慢、电导增量法在最大功率点附近有较大振荡的问题,提出一种改进变步长电导增量的最大功率点跟踪控制方法,该方法既具有电导增量法快速跟踪的优点,又能准确、稳定地跟踪到最大功率点,因此更适于提高光伏电源的能源利用率。对所提方法进行了仿真分析,并比较了几种MPPT算法的跟踪效果,结果表明,所提方法具有快速性、稳定性和有效性。     

基于模糊自适应PI控制的光伏发电MPPT

介绍了光伏发电过程中最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)原理,并简要分析了常规控制算法在最大功率跟踪控制中的优缺点,提出将模糊自适应PI控制算法应用到光伏系统最大功率点跟踪的控制中,该控制方法能快速响应外界环境的变化,获得系统最大功率点,且可以有效消除系统在最大功率点附近的振荡现象,提高系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该方法能使系统稳定地工作在最大功率点,并且控制精度高,能灵敏反应外界环境的变化。     

光伏发电MPPT的变论域自适应模糊控制

针对常规模糊控制器在光伏发电最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制中存在的功率波动、控制精度低和自适应性较差等问题,提出了一种基于变论域自适应模糊控制器的光伏发电MPPT控制,该控制器能根据光伏发电输出功率偏差的变化自动调整变量的论域,从而快速准确地跟踪光伏发电系统的最大功率点(MPP)。实验结果验证了该控制方法能有效实现光伏发电MPPT控制,提高了系统的效率和稳定性。     

基于滞环比较的自寻优扰动观察MPPT控制策略

文章对于光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪过程中定步长扰动观察法跟踪速度与跟踪精度之间的矛盾,分析了光伏电池的输出特性,并提出了一种基于滞环比较的自寻优扰动观察法。该算法首先以自寻优的方式来确定扰动步长,然后通过滞环比较环节来判断扰动的添加方向,这样能够保证控制系统的跟踪速度与跟踪精度满足要求,并有效地避免了最大功率点处的振荡问题和系统的误判问题。文章利用Simulink软件搭建了光伏发电系统模型。仿真结果表明,基于滞环比较的自寻优扰动观察法能够快速、准确地跟踪到最大功率点,从而提高了光伏发电系统的能量利用率。     

光伏电池最大功率点跟踪控制方法的对比研究及改进

光伏发电系统中光伏电池的输出特性具有唯一的最大功率点(MPP),需要对光伏电池的最大功率点进行跟踪(MPPT)。文中分析了几种常见的最大功率点跟踪控制方法对比分析了它们的优缺点。针对MPPT控制方法中存在的启动特性较差、跟踪过程不稳定、精度不高等特点,采用一种改进爬山法,该法以恒定电压法作为启动特性及采用变步长进行跟踪控制,并利用Matlab/Simulink搭建了改进爬山法的MPPT控制模型,仿真结果验证该方法的有效性。     

自适应模糊算法在光伏系统MPPT中的应用

针对光伏电池的非线性特性,介绍了最大功率点跟踪的原理,并详细分析了常规控制算法在光伏系统最大功率跟踪控制中的优缺点,提出将自适应模糊控制算法应用到光伏系统最大功率点跟踪的控制中,自适应模糊控制能快速响应外界环境的变化,在最大功率点无明显振荡现象.实验结果表明,该方法能使系统稳定工作在最大功率点,同时能对外界环境的变化做出快速反应.     

分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪技术比较研究

基于当前光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪技术的研究现状,介绍了适用于分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪的各种常用控制方法,阐述了每一种控制方法的技术原理,分析和比较了这些常用控制方法的特点,总结了各自的优点和缺点,最后对分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪方法的选择问题进行了探讨,并指出了具体选择方法时应综合考虑的各种因素。     

基于改进MPPT算法的微电网电能质量改善作用研究

基于最大功率跟踪(MPPT)技术的光伏发电系统,其控制器输出功率参考值由MPPT算法实时计算得到。MPPT算法的快速性、准确性和稳定性可直接影响光伏发电系统的输出功率特性及发电质量。为此,结合单级式光伏并网发电系统的控制原理,分析了MPPT算法对光伏发电系统的控制作用;并针对一种常用变步长扰动算法存在的问题,结合光伏电池的数学模型,提出了一种改进的变步长扰动算法。该算法可有效提高跟踪速度和精度,降低功率波动,提高发电质量。最后,仿真分析了改进前后含光伏发电系统的微电网的电能质量,验证了改进MPPT算法对微电网电能质量的改善作用。     

基于粒子群算法的光伏电池MPPT控制策略

针对光伏电池的非线性特性,文章将优化粒子群算法全局寻优的特点应用到光伏电池的最大功率点跟踪中,并利用MATLAB对光伏电池最大功率点跟踪进行不同环境条件下的仿真。仿真结果表明,该控制策略能够快速、准确地跟踪到光伏电池的最大功率点,而且有效地减小了输出功率的振荡。     

Maximum photovoltaic power tracking for the PV array using the fractional-order incremental conductance method

This paper proposes maximum photovoltaic power tracking (MPPT) for the photovoltaic (PV) array using the fractional-order incremental conductance method (FOICM). Since the PV array has low conversion efficiency, and the output power of PV array depends on the operation environments, such as various solar radiation, environment temperature, and weather conditions. Maximum charging power can be increased to a battery using a MPPT algorithm. The energy conversion of the absorbed solar light and cell temperature is directly transferred to the semiconductor, but electricity conduction has anomalous diffusion phenomena in inhomogeneous material. FOICM can provide a dynamic mathematical model to describe non-linear characteristics. The fractional-order incremental change as dynamic variable is used to adjust the PV array voltage toward the maximum power point. For a small-scale PV conversion system, the proposed method is validated by simulation with different operation environments. Compared with traditional methods, experimental results demonstrate the short tracking time and the practicality in MPPT of PV array.     

A comprehensive simulator for assessing the reliability of a photovoltaic panel peak power tracking system

When designing a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, it is often difficult to correctly predict, before field testing, the behavior of this MPPT under varying solar irradiation on photovoltaic (PV) panels. A solution to this problem is to design a maximum power point trackers simulator of a PV system used to test MPPT algorithms. This simulator must have the same role as the MPPT card of the PV panel and thus will fully emulate the response of a real MPPT card of the PV panel. Therefore, it is a good substitute to help to test the peak power trackers of the PV system in the laboratory. This paper describes a simple peak power trackers simulator of the PV system which has a short response time thus, can be used to test MPPT algorithms under very rapid variation condition. The obtained results and the theoretical operation confirm the reliability and the superior performance of the proposed model.     

Maximum power point traking controller for PV systems using neural networks

This paper presents a development and implementation of a PC-based maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for PV system using neural networks (NN). The system consists of a PV module via a MPPT supplying a dc motor that drives an air fan. The control algorithm is developed to use the artificial NN for detecting the optimal operating point under different operating conditions, then the control action gives the driving signals to the MPPT. A PC is used for data acquisition, running the control algorithm, data storage, as well as data display and analysis. The system has been implemented and tested under various operating conditions.The experimental results showed that the PV system with MPPT always tracks the peak power point of the PV module under various operating conditions. The MPPT transmits about 97% of the actual maximum power generated by the PV module. The MPPT not only increases the power from the PV module to the load, but also maintains longer operating periods for the PV system. The air velocity and the air mass flow rate of the mechanical load are increased considerably, due to the increase of the PV system power. It is also found that, the increase in the output energy due to using the MPPT is about 45.2% for a clear sunny day.     

Real-time simulation platform for photovoltaic system with a boost converter using MPPT algorithm in a DSP controller

Recently, real-time simulation of renewable energy sources are indispensible for evaluating the performance of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, especially in the photovoltaic (PV) system in order to reduce cost in the testing phase. Nowadays, real time PV simulators are obtained by using analog and/or digital components. In this paper, a real-time simulation of a PV system with a boost converter was proposed using only the digital signal processor (DSP) processor with two DC voltage sources to emulate the temperature and irradiation in the PV system. A MATLAB/Simulink environment was used to develop the real-time PV system with a boost converter into a C-program and build it into a DSP controller TMS320F28335. Besides, the performance of the real-time DSP-based PV was tested in different temperature and irradiation conditions to observe the P-V and V-I characteristics. Further, the performance of the PV with a boost converter was tested at different temperatures and irradiations using MPPT algorithms. This scheme was tested through simulation and the results were validated with that of standard conditions given in the PV data sheets. Implementation of this project helped to attract more researchers to study renewable energy applications without real sources. This might facilitate the study of PV systems in a real-time scenario and the evaluation of what should be expected for PV modules available in the market.     

最大功率点跟踪原理及实现方法的研究

对最大功率跟踪控制中DC-DC变换器的原理和控制方法进行了实验研究,利用DC-DC转换电路测量和单片机控制系统实现最大功率点跟踪,使太阳电池始终保持最大功率输出;同时提出了实现最大功率跟踪的控制方法,并通过实测结果说明最大功率跟踪系统的效果。     

光伏发电的最大功率跟踪算法研究

太阳能光伏阵列的输出特性受外界环境因素的影响,为了跟踪太阳能光伏阵列输出功率最大点,实现光伏阵列和负载的匹配,常在系统中加入最大功率跟踪器。准确跟踪太阳能光伏阵列的最大输出功率点依赖于有效的搜索算法。分析了传统的扰动观察法和增量电导法的特点,并提出了一种新的变步长寻优算法。通过验证表明,这种算法能够快速准确地跟踪最大功率点。     

太阳能光伏系统MPPT控制算法的对比研究

根据光伏太阳电池板的内部结构和输出伏安特性建立光伏方阵的Matlab仿真模型,利用实测的气象光强数据对恒压跟踪法、爬山法、爬山改进法和INC法等4种光伏系统最大功率跟踪(MPPT)控制算法进行计算机仿真,评价每种算法在不同天气的光照变化条件下特别是光照强度迅速变化时的跟踪效果,得出各个算法的优缺点。仿真结果用于指导太阳能光伏系统最大功率跟踪器的设计及其控制算法的选择。     

Analysis and enhancement of PV efficiency with incremental conductance MPPT technique under non-linear loading conditions

This paper presents experimental evaluations for variation in the efficiency of energy extracted from a photovoltaic (PV) module (under non-linear loading) incorporated with an incremental conductance(IC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The focus is on the evaluation of the PV panel under non-linear loading conditions using the experimental installation of a 100W_p photovoltaic array connected to a DC–DC converter and a KVA inverter feeding a non-linear load. Under the conditions of non-linear loading, both the simulation and experiment show that the MPPT technique fails to attain maximum power point due to the presence of ripples in the current leading eventually to a reduction in efficiency. In this paper, panel current is taken as a function of load impedance in the MPPT algorithm to eradicate power variation, as load impedance varies with supply voltage under non-linear conditions. The system is simulated for different non-linear loads using MATLAB-Simulink. A TMDSSOLAREXPKIT was used for MPPT control. In case 2, the inverter is connected to a single phase grid. When a voltage swell occurs in the grid, PV power drops. This power loss is reduced using the proposed MPPT method. The results of simulations and experimental measurements and cost efficiency calculations are presented.