SiC/W层状复合材料的制备工艺与力学性能

研究了ＳｉＣ陶瓷片为基体层,金属Ｗ（界面层）为软层的仿生层状复合材料的制备及性能。采用凝胶铸（Ｇｅｌ－ｃａｓｔｉｎｇ）方法制备ＳｉＣ陶瓷层,采用喷涂的方法制备金属层,确定了金属喷涂的最佳工艺条件。研究了不同金属层层状复合材料力学性能的影响。并对层状复合材料的成分和微观结构进行分析。     

国外期刊陶瓷文摘

国外期刊陶瓷文摘含不同填料的耐磨玻璃陶瓷复合材料［俄］／ＨＭ等／／ＣＴＥｐａ－１９９５，（３）．－１４～１５对含不同填料─—工业氧化物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＺｒＯ２，Ｃｒ２Ｏ３）的ＣａＯ—ＢａＯ—Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２系硅微晶玻璃基复合材料的物理机械...     

添加Sm2O3的β‘—12H复相sialon

在Ｓｉ－Ａｌ－Ｏ－Ｎ系统中，进行（β＇＋１２Ｈ）－ｓｉａｌｏｎ的成分设计，并以Ｓｍ２Ｏ３作为添加剂，用气压烧结（ＧＰＳ）制备了β＇＋１２Ｈ复相陶瓷。材料的相组成和微观结构研究表明：主晶相为β＇相和１２Ｈ相，纤维状的１２Ｈ与短柱状或等轴状的β＇交织排列形成致密组织。添加剂Ｓｍ２Ｏ３对复相ｓｉａｌｏｎ的致密化和结构性能有着较大影响，当添加量增加到５％（质量）时，材料达到理论密度为９９％，并显示较好的强     

添加Sm_2O_3的β＇－12H复相sialon

在Ｓｉ－Ａｌ－Ｏ－Ｎ系统中，进行（β＇＋１２Ｈ）－ｓｉａｌｏｎ的成分设计，并以Ｓｍ￣２Ｏ￣３作为添加剂，用气压烧结（ＧＰＳ）制备了β＇＋１２Ｈ复相陶瓷。材料的相组成和微观结构研究表明：主晶相为β＇相和１２Ｈ相，纤维状的１２Ｈ与短柱状或等轴状的β＇交织排列形成致密组织。添加剂Ｓｍ￣２Ｏ￣３对复相ｓｉａｌｏｎ的致密化和结构性能有着较大影响，当添加量增加到５％（质量）时，材料达到理论密度为９９％，并显示较好的强度和韧性。另外，还对相同条件下制备的（β＇＋１２Ｈ）－ｓｉａｌｏｎ与β＇－ｓｉａｌｏｎ进行了比较，纤维状１２Ｈ相的引入，使裂纹扩展过程中产生偏转、分叉、桥接和１２Ｈ的拔出，对材料起到类似晶须的增韧补强效果。     

医用羟基磷灰石颗粒的制备与生物学评价

本文采用水热工艺法制备出医用羟基磷灰石（ＨＡＰ）微粉，配方后经造粒，高温烧成工艺制备出骨植填充材料－ＨＡＰ陶瓷颗粒。通过ＳＥＭ分析及生物学性能的试验，表明ＨＡＰ陶瓷颗粒材料作为人体填充材料是安全可靠的，为临床试验及应用提供了必要的实验依据。     

在陶瓷粉末表面化学镀包复金属

采用化学镀方法，以联氨作还原剂，在陶瓷粉表面制备（ＮｂＴｉ）Ｃ－Ｎｉ及（ＮｂＴｉ）Ｃ－ＮｉＭＯ包覆粉末，目的是提高陶瓷－金属复合材料的力学性能。用Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电镜及电子探针等对包覆粉末进行分析，结果表明包覆上去的镍及镍钼合金呈球状，平均粒径约０．３μｍ，达到了陶瓷相与金属相充分分散之目的。     

化学气相渗（CVI）C／SiC复合材料性能控制

本研究用化学气相渗技术制备了四种Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料：在ＣＨ３ＳｉＣｌ３＋Ｈ２（普通）＋Ａｒ（高纯）系统中制各了两种材料：材料Ａ为１Ｋ炭布层叠无热解炭界面层，材料Ｂ为１Ｋ炭布层叠有热解炭界面层；在ＣＨ３ＳｉＣｌ３＋Ｈ２（高纯）＋Ａｒ（高纯）系统中制备了另两种材料：材料Ｃ和材料Ｄ分别为１Ｋ、Ｔ３００炭布层叠有热解炭界面层．分别对其中每两种材料进行了相互比较，研究了骨架纤维、界面层及基体对整个复合材料性能的影响；通过控制上述三方面因素可以对Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的总体结构进行设计从而控制其材料最终性能。     

Lanxide熔融金属直接氧化技术

Lanxide熔融金属直接氧化技术是一种新型的复合材料制备技术，通过用预制体（颗粒、晶须、纤维等）增强所制备的复合材料具有高的体积稳定性、高的断裂韧性和强度，是目前材料科学领域的热点之一。本文就lan-xide技术及陶瓷基复合材料近年来的最新发展进行了概述。     

TiB2系金属陶瓷的SHS—QP制备

从理论和试验上对ＴｉＢ２－ｘＦｅ复合体系的ＳＨＳ过程参数进行分析。计算得到ＴｉＢ２－４０％Ｆｅ（以摩尔计）的ＳＨＳ过程激活能为３９９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，接近Ｔｉ＋２Ｂ在燃烧温度区域的反应过程激活能，预示着一种扩散控制机理。进行了ＳＨＳ－ＱＰ技术制备密实金属陶瓷的研究，包括加压延迟、压力延续和压力大小等参数对产品密实度的影响。通过优化和控制有关参数，制备出了良好力学性能的金属陶瓷，为金属陶瓷的制备提供了新     

溶胶-凝胶法制备PMMA/SiO2透明纳米复合材料的研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）、正硅酸乙酯（ＴＥＯＳ）、ＫＨ－５７０为原料,采上发聚合、配合酸催化溶胶、凝胶（Ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ）方法制备了均匀透明的ＰＭＭＡ／ＳｉＯ２纳米复合材料,探讨了其工艺条件及影响因素,并采用红外（ＩＲ）、透射电镜及热重（ＴＧ）等测试方法对其进行了分析和表征。     

陶瓷复合材料及其制备技术

陶瓷复合材料是一种性能优良的高技术新材料；有陶瓷—陶瓷和金属—陶瓷两大类。本文较全面地论述了陶瓷复合材料的增强增韧机理和制备原则。本文还详尽地介绍了陶瓷复合材料的种类和制备技术，并对它们各自的特点进行了分析。     

The fracture properties of metal-ceramic composites manufactured via stereolithography

In this work, metal-ceramic composite parts based on aluminum and alumina were manufactured in a two-stage process. First, silica was printed using a vat photopolymerization technique, followed by a curing and sintering stage, which resulted in ceramic precursors. Subsequently, these samples were subjected to a metal infiltration process to form interpenetrating metal-ceramic composites (IPCs). These composites have attracted considerable attention in the aerospace and defense sector due to the ductility associated to the metal phase and the strength offered by the ceramics. A novel application with utility includes composite tooling which requires a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for high temperatures. The investigated specimens were tested for surface quality and shrinkage, followed by a mechanical characterization. It was recorded that the samples presented a 12%–18% of shrinkage after the sintering process. The mechanical testing showed that the hardness, compression, and flexural strength of the composites were superior to the printed and sintered ceramics. A thermal analysis on the composite showed that its CTE is more than two times lower than the common composite tooling materials. It is expected that the present work can provide the foundations for further studies on these systems in the refractory, automotive, and armor-based fields.     

3D microstructure model and thermal shock failure mechanism of a Si3N4-bonded SiC ceramic refractory with SiC high volume ratio particles

In this study, an efficient method was proposed to establish 3D microstructure model of a Si₃N₄-bonded SiC ceramic refractory with SiC high volume ratio particles and its failure mechanism under thermal shock was studied based on the established microstructure model. The proposed modeling method based on modified 3D Voronoi tessellation method and “precise shrinkage ratio method” was able to establish 3D geometric model of a SiC ceramic refractory with SiC high volume fraction particles more quickly than usual methods. The modified 3D Voronoi tessellation method generated Voronoi polyhedrons (VPs) limited in finite space perfectly. The proposed “precise shrinkage ratio method” achieved a precise volume fraction of SiC particles in the established microstructure model. The crack initiation and propagation under thermal shock were calculated by employing the extended finite element method (XFEM) on the established microstructure model. The results showed the failure mode on micro-scale clearly and efforts of interface strength on the failure mode were also explored. The proposed modeling method was especially suitable for establishing 3D microstructure models of ceramic composites or isotropic metal-ceramic particle composites with high volume fraction particles and extended the use of VPs.     

Preparation of aluminum reinforced with TiB2-Al2O3-FexAly composites derived from natural ilmenite

Aluminum reinforced with mixed TiB₂-Al₂O₃-Fe _x Al _y ceramic composites was successfully fabricated by squeeze casting of melted Al into a mixed ceramic preform. Mixed TiB₂-Al₂O₃-Fe _x Al _y ceramics have been fabricated in-situ by SHS in the FeTiO₃-B₂O₃-Al system. The reaction was carried out in an SHS reactor under a static argon pressure of 0.5 MPa. The standard Gibbs energy minimization method was used to calculate the equilibrium composition of reacting species. The composites have been subsequently characterized by SEM, image analysis, and XRD. The hardness and wear characteristics of the composites have been investigated. As compared to pure Al, the composite exhibited excellent wear resistance.     

自蔓延高温合成技术的发展与应用

自蔓延高温合成技术是20世纪后期诞生的一门新兴的前沿科学，在粉体合成及陶瓷涂层内衬的制备等方面充分显示其优越性。本文对自蔓延高温合成技术的概念、国内外基本情况进行了阐述，同时简要介绍了自蔓延高温合成的燃烧理论．对利用自蔓延合成技术进行粉体合成及陶瓷内衬钢管的应用研究等作了较为详尽的说明。     

分离用金属陶瓷复合膜及研究进展

金属陶瓷复合膜是由金属膜及表面陶瓷活性膜层复合而成,综述金属膜制备方法及金属膜表面溶胶凝胶法制备陶瓷活性层膜制备技术,为金属陶瓷复合膜制备提供理论意义。论述国内外金属陶瓷复合膜研究进展,对金属陶瓷复合膜制备工艺技术及应用范围展望。     

自蔓延高温合成陶瓷材料

本文系统地阐述了自蔓延温合成（ＳＨＳ）陶瓷材料的概念，从动力学、热力学、以及燃烧学角度讨论了ＳＨＳ法的理论与应用。     

SHS of composite ceramics from mechanochemically treated and thermally carbonized SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> powders

New ceramic composites have been synthesized upon combined use of mechanochemical treatment (MCT) of SiO₂, its thermal carbonization (followed by baking), and SHS in a mixture of thus activated (carbonized) SiO₂ with Al powder. MCT and thermal carbonization were found to result in formation of fiber-like carbon structures on the surface of silica particles. The rigid carbon frameworks formed on the surface of silicon dioxide were found to improve the physicochemical properties of resultant carbon-containing refractory materials.      

Increasing the wear resistance of equipment in pressing parts from high-hardness powder materials

Comparative tests of the relative wear resistance of press molds with various coatings carried out while pressing abrasive disks on a ceramic binder under industrial conditions are described. It is shown that boronizing, nitriding, and carburizing do not provide substantial growth of the abrasion strength. Plasma, gas-flame, and laser hardening, electrophoresis, and chrome-plating approximately double the wear resistance, whereas the method of powder metallurgy increases it by a factor of 3–8. The most promising materials are metal-ceramic and mineral-ceramic composites that can provide a more than 8-fold increase in the wear resistance. It is noteworthy that tungsten-free alloys and mineral-ceramic materials can become adequate substitutes for scarce tungsten-bearing ones.     

Characterization of titanium ceramic composite for bone implants applications

Bone implants are widely used to restore bone loss due to several factors including but not limited to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and road injuries. Current bone implant materials restore mechanical stability but suffer from a lack of osteointegration and will need to be replaced after long term use. To circumvent this, tissue engineering which capitalizes on the use of cells, biochemical factors and biodegradable materials aim to develop a biological substitute that restores, maintain or improve tissue functions. Central to the improvement of the tissue function and its stability through the implant relies on its interaction with the host tissue. Hence, a bioactive implant that promotes osteointegration is more desirable than an inert implant. In this study, metal-ceramic composites are explored for their suitability to be used as bone implants in the future. Fabrication of the composite was optimized using hot press compression and vacuum sintering method. Data presented include physicochemical characteristics of titanium-hydroxyapatite and titanium-wollastonite analyzed via SEM, FTIR, XRD, 3D laser microscopy and mechanical test. Evidence of material biocompatibility with primary human osteoprogenitor cells is also provided. Both titanium hydroxyapatite and titanium wollastonite possess the potential as the future of metal-ceramic composites as they possess the bioactivity of ceramic while still maintaining its core titanium body as a source of strength.