新型沥青抗剥落剂TJ-066的性能评价

同济大学制备了新型沥青抗剥落剂TJ 0 6 6 ,并根据《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》评价了该产品的性能。结果表明 ,TJ 0 6 6抗剥落剂可将沥青与酸性集料的粘附性提高至 5 级 ,而且TJ 0 6 6抗剥落剂有着较好的抗热老化的性能。经薄膜加热处理后 ,掺加该抗剥落剂的沥青与集料之间的粘附性没有降低 ,仍可达到 5 级或 5级。该抗剥落剂可提高韩国沥青与花岗岩混合料的水稳定性 ,掺加该抗剥落剂的沥青混合料的冻融劈裂强度比TSR可达 10 0 % ,经短期老化后 ,仍可达到 86 4 %。     

筑路石油沥青添加剂的试验研究

1前言为了解决修筑沥青公路时沥青与酸性石料粘附性差的问题，笔者研制了筑路石油沥青添加剂。圆满地解决了修筑高等级沥青公路的技术难关。向沥青中加入少量（沥青重量的0．4％）该添加剂，就使沥青与酸性石料的粘附强度由1～2级提高到5级咬通部标准TD616-93，最优级）。2粘附机理研究酸性石料表面带有若干种极性基团，是极性表面。沥青是非极性物质，两者是相借的。故沥青不能润湿酸性石料，这是导致沥青与酸性石料粘附性差的根本原因。为了提高粘附性，可用某些表面活性物质将石料的极性表面转化为非极性的。称为润湿反转，所用的表面活…     

多胺活性剂对沥青抗剥落效力研究

研究了SBS对石油沥青的改性及多胺活性剂aa对沥青的抗剥落效力.用水煮法对水浸石料颗粒与干燥石料颗粒与基质沥青或改性沥青的粘附性能分别进行了考查,SBS改性沥青材料添加0.3?后裹覆干燥石料颗粒,耐水煮时间延长 9 min以上;添加0.3?的基质沥青材料裹覆浸水石料颗粒的耐水煮时间与不添加aa的基质沥青材料裹覆干燥石料颗粒的耐水煮时间相同.     

老化油物性分析及脱水技术研究

采用吸附分离法测定了老化油和原油样品的w(沥青质)和w(胶质),对二者进行全烃气相色谱对比分析,同时测定了油样的w(水)和黏度,探讨了老化油样品和原油样品性质的差异,并通过实验提出了老化油蒸发脱水的最佳处理温度,论证了老化油蒸发脱水工艺的效果。结果表明,与原油相比,老化油中w(沥青质)、w(胶质)、黏度值、w(水)均较高,进而使老化油的稳定性增强,给脱水技术带来困难;w(水)=60.3%的老化油热沉降之后w(水)=27.5%,初馏点为102~103℃,最佳脱水温度为155℃,当400g和13.6kg含水老化油运用蒸馏方法分别处理61、91min后,可使其w(水)0.3%。     

强效下水管道疏通剂的研制

采用表面活性剂、强碱、强氧化剂、闪熔速通因子和助热剂,制备了一种下水管道疏通剂。研究确定了影响其疏通效果的配方因素,并通过正交试验得到较优配比。实验结果表明,当w(Ca(OH)2)=65%,w(Ca(Cl O)2)=21%,w(SDBS)=4%,n(Ca(OH)2)∶n(Al)=1∶2,m(C6H11Na O7)∶m(Al)=1∶5时,制得的下水管道疏通剂疏通效果较佳,且其对大部分金属腐蚀率较小。     

研究动态

加入纳米炭黑的低碳镁碳砖作为钢水精炼容器用内衬材料,低碳镁碳砖可以减少精炼容器的热量损失,并且因为对钢水的增碳减少而有利于改善钢水的质量。但是,低碳镁碳砖的抗剥落性相对较差。为此,日本研究者通过采用纳米技术,研究了低碳镁碳砖的抗剥落性和抗氧化性。试验制备了w(MgO)=92%,w(C)=3%的3种试样,它们的主要区别是碳源及其加入方式不同:1#试样为参比试样,碳源是鳞片石墨,按普通方式加入;2#试样的碳源是纳米炭黑,与作为结合剂的树脂混匀后加入;3#试样的碳源是纳米炭黑和石墨的混合物,加入方式同2#试样。抗剥落性采用40mm×40mm×110m…     

不同材料对改善沥青与集料粘附性研究进展

通过归纳总结现有研究成果,综述了无机材料、高分子材料及新型改性材料对沥青与集料粘附性改善技术的研究。其中,无机材料是一种实用型的抗剥落添加剂,但存在细度难控制、掺量不确定问题;高分子材料对沥青与集料粘附性改善良好,但胺类高分子材料耐热性差,高温易分解,对沥青与集料粘附性改善效果变差;新型材料对集料表面有很好的改善作用,但其仅对酸性集料有明显的改善作用,其它类型集料有待进一步的研究。最后总结了各类材料对沥青与集料粘附性的改善效果与今后的发展方向。     

不同材料对改善沥青与集料粘附性研究进展

通过归纳总结现有研究成果,综述了无机材料、高分子材料及新型改性材料对沥青与集料粘附性改善技术的研究。其中,无机材料是一种实用型的抗剥落添加剂,但存在细度难控制、掺量不确定问题;高分子材料对沥青与集料粘附性改善良好,但胺类高分子材料耐热性差,高温易分解,对沥青与集料粘附性改善效果变差;新型材料对集料表面有很好的改善作用,但其仅对酸性集料有明显的改善作用,其它类型集料有待进一步的研究。最后总结了各类材料对沥青与集料粘附性的改善效果与今后的发展方向。     

配料组成对镁碳材料热膨胀性能的影响

由于低碳钢、超低碳钢和不锈钢的冶炼等的需要,低碳镁碳砖得到了较快的发展。低碳镁碳砖的抗剥落性较差,而热膨胀性能是影响镁碳砖抗剥落性的主要因素之一。本工作研究了添加剂种类(铝粉和硅粉)和加入量、石墨加入量、结合剂种类和加入量及电熔镁砂档次对镁碳材料的热膨胀曲线、烧后线变化率和脱碳层厚度等的影响。1试验1.1原料及试样试验用主要原料有:电熔镁砂(w(MgO)=98%)、-198石墨、金属铝粉和硅粉等。按表1的配比配料(其中,5#配方中粒度>1mm的镁砂是用1.3%的树脂涂覆且固化过的,其表面有一层树脂炭化层),在液压机上以250MPa的压力分…     

质量分数为25%高渗乙草胺乳油的研制

在w(乙草胺)=25%乙草胺乳油中加入高渗剂氮酮,使其活性成分渗透力大大增强,在有效成分降低一半的情况下,其药效优于或相当于w(乙草胺)=50%乙草胺乳油。通过对国内3个厂家生产的氮酮进行筛选,确定其生产厂家及用量,并对w(乙草胺)=25%高渗乙草胺乳油参照GB/T19137-2003《农药低温稳定性测定方法》及GB/T19136-2003《农药热贮稳定性测定方法》进行了冷贮、热贮实验,实验合格后,进行了田间药效及毒理实验,最后确定w(乙草胺)=25%高渗乙草胺乳油的配方。     

Ferric Oxide Adhesion Promoters for Water Resistant Asphalt Pavements

Additives are often necessary to prevent the loss of strength of asphalt paving materials when they are exposed to moisture. It has been known for many years that naturally-occurring aggregates which contain iron oxides are resistant to the phenomenon of water stripping in asphalt pavements. In this investigation Pyrex brand glass was chosen as a model substrate for silicate-type aggregates in order to determine the effect of iron compounds on the adhesion of bitumen to glass in the presence of water. It was found that both iron naphthenate and iron oxide were equally effective in maintaining adhesion in the presence of moisture. Two independent methods were employed to measure the wet adhesion-peel testing and contact angle measurements. Both methods confirmed that iron is an essential element for prolonged retention of wet strength adhesion. It is postulated that iron oxides react with acidic components in asphalt to form organometallic complexes which subsequently bind to the glass surface and form strong attachments which are resistant to hydrolysis. Iron compounds were equally effective with other substrates such as limestone and traprock, indicating equally good performance with other types of aggregates. Calcium additives in the form of lime did not confer wet adhesion. It is suggested that the known effectiveness of lime as an antistripping agent may be attributed to other factors such as reaction with polar groups in the asphalt, rendering it less hydrophilic. A boiling water test is described for assessing whether a particular asphalt mix may be susceptible to eventual loss of interfacial adhesion when exposed to water.     

环保型转炉修补砖的研制与应用

为了减少对环境的污染,以w(MgO)>92.21%的烧结镁砂和w(MgO)=84.34%的含油镁碳废料为主要原料,以粉状改性沥青粉为流动剂,加入少量硫磺作助流剂,以木质素磺酸钙溶液为结合剂,研制出一种环保型转炉修补砖,并进行了实际使用试验。结果表明:该修补砖高温软化性好,烧结时间短,节能环保。     

羧甲基甲壳素对猕猴桃、杨桃的保鲜性能

研究了水溶性甲壳素衍生物—羧甲基甲壳素(O6CMCH)对猕猴桃和杨桃的保鲜性能。结果表明,常温下,使用O6CMCH可使猕猴桃和杨桃的保鲜时间达5～12d。猕猴桃的最佳保鲜配方为:w(羧甲基甲壳素)=2%、w(甘油)=1%、w(对羟基苯甲酸甲酯)=1%;杨桃的最佳保鲜配方为:w(羧甲基甲壳素)=2%、w(单硬脂酸甘油酯)=1%、w(苯甲酸钠)=1%。扫描电镜分析表明,最佳配方上的差异与果实的表皮结构及涂膜的结构有关。     

PE用高性能喷码油墨的研制

以氯醋树脂(V)和丙烯酸酯树脂为主体树脂配制了PE底材用喷码油墨,用溶解度参数(δ)理论,估算出氯醋树脂V1的δ=18.7(J/cm3)1/2,考察了树脂类型、配比、溶剂溶解能力、溶剂极性等对油墨在PE上的附着力、耐酒精性、黏度、快干性等性能的影响。确定了优化的工艺条件:当w(V2)=2%、w(V4)=2%、w(MEK)=86%、w(染料SB)=10%时,喷码油墨的耐酒精性能达到80%;当w(丙烯酸树脂R)=25%,w(SB)=10%,m(MEK)∶m(乙酸丁酯BAC)∶m(二甲苯XYL)=2∶1∶2或4∶1∶1时,喷码油墨对PE底材的附着力达到0.25 N/mm2;当w(R)=15%、w(V2)=2.5%、w(V4)=2.5%、w(SB)=10%、w(MEK)=70%时,制得的喷码油墨耐酒精性达到65%,对PE底材的附着力达到0.28 N/mm2。目前30 L规模中试开发已获成功,即将投入批量生产。     

复方联苯苄唑纳米乳的制备及其质量评价

以联苯苄唑为主药,辅以丙酸氯倍他索以及肉桂醛制成复方。通过绘制伪三元相图筛选处方研制复方联苯苄唑纳米乳,并对其进行质量评价。结果表明,复方联苯苄唑纳米乳最佳配方为:w(联苯苄唑)=1.6%,w(丙酸氯倍他索)=0.05%,w(肉桂醛)=0.15%,w(吐温-80)=29.5%,w(无水乙醇)=9.8%,w(乙酸乙酯)=13.6%,w(蒸馏水)=45.3%。该纳米乳为水包油型纳米乳,可用水无限稀释。透射电镜下,纳米乳呈圆球形,无粘连。平均粒径(Z-Average)为10.4 nm,多分散系数(PDI)为0.196。在25℃时,稀释5倍后的复方联苯苄唑纳米乳的平均pH=6.1±0.3,对应的平均Zeta电位为(-9.18±0.2)mV。复方联苯苄唑纳米乳制备工艺简单且质量可控,有望应用于临床。     

核壳苯丙防锈乳胶漆的研制

以自制的核 壳苯丙乳液为基料 ,改性三聚磷酸铝和磷酸锌等为主要防锈颜料 ,改性硅质黏土为防沉剂配制的防锈乳胶漆 ,涂膜的附着力达到 1～ 2级 ,柔软性 <1mm ,抗冲击强度 >490N·cm ,耐w(NaCl) =3%的NaCl水溶液 ( 2 5℃ ) 7d以上 ,耐热温度大于 1 0 0℃ ,涂料的贮存稳定期超过一年。     

Modification of FCC slurry oil and deoiled asphalt for making high-grade paving asphalt

With the rapid development of modern industry, high-grade paving asphalt is massively required to meet the demands for modern transportation. As one of additives, natural asphalt is indispensable since it can improve the performance of paving asphalt in all aspects. However, the application of non-renewable natural asphalt is increasingly restricted by its limited reserves. It is imperative to find alternative approaches to produce high-grade paving asphalt. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) slurry oil is an ideal soft component for producing paving asphalt due to its high content of aromatics and resins. However, its bad ageing resistance limits its application to only low-grade paving asphalt. In the present work, a novel approach for producing high-grade paving asphalt was investigated using chemically modified FCC slurry oil and deoiled asphalt (DOA). The FT-IR and NMR results showed that dehydrogenation and condensation reaction occurred during the ageing process. From a series of aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes, propanal was selected as a proper modifier to improve the ageing resistance of FCC slurry oil. The propanal-modified slurry oil possessed more substituted aromatic units and less aromatic hydrogen atoms than other modified slurry oils, thus showing better ageing resistance. With the increase of length of aliphatic chains in modifier, the modified slurry oil contained more and longer alkyl substituent group on aromatics. Compared with the cross-linked oil (slurry oil modified by cross-linking agent), modified slurry oil possessed similar ageing resistance but higher flowing ability. Also, the effect of operation conditions on the kinematic viscosity of modified slurry oil were investigated. Blended with modified slurry oil, the penetration ratio of asphalt product increased from 53.7 to 66.2, which met the standard of 70# paving asphalt. Both the microscopic observations and FT-IR results indicated that modification process effectively reduced the oxidation degree of asphalt product, thus increasing the ageing resistance. Consequently, with aid of this process, high-grade paving asphalt was readily produced from low value oil from downstream products of refinery, instead of the depleting natural asphalt.     

反相悬浮聚合法合成可生物降解海藻酸钠高吸水性树脂

以丙烯酸(AA)和海藻酸钠(SA)为原料,用反相悬浮聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠/海藻酸钠高吸水性树脂。研究了海藻酸钠、引发剂(KPS)和交联剂(NMBA)用量、丙烯酸中和度、聚合反应温度等因素对树脂吸水率的影响以及树脂的生物降解性能。结果表明,当w(SA)=1.5%、w(KPS)=0.15%、w(NMBA)=0.1%、丙烯酸中和度为65%、聚合反应温度为75℃时,树脂对蒸馏水的吸水率为845 g/g,对生理盐水的吸水率为88 g/g,且能被土壤和微生物降解,w(SA)=10%的树脂在60 d内能够被芽苞杆菌降解52%,在土壤中能被降解36%,且降解速度随海藻酸钠质量分数的增加而加快。IR测定表明,树脂为丙烯酸盐与海藻酸钠的接枝共聚物。SEM测定表明,PAA/SA高吸水性树脂呈花瓣结构。