A New Combustion Process for Nanosized BaCe0.95Y0.05O3-δ Powders

Nanosized BaCe0.95Y0.05O3-δ powders with the homogeneous composition were synthesized by a new combustion process based on the Pechini method.A polymeric precursor sol was formed by use of citric acid and ethylene glycol as the chelating agents of metal ions.The perovskite-type BaCe0.95Y0.05O3-δ powders with uniform shape and smaller than 40 nm in sized were obtained through the combustion of the polymeric precursor sol at the existence of nitric acid and ammonium hydroxide.It was found the particle size could be controlled by modulating the quantities of nitric acid and ammonium hydroxide,the quantities of the residue,carbonate ions were also affected by the quantities of the citric acid and ethylene glycol.     

Optimum Preparation Conditions of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2 and LiNi_(0.95)Ce_(0.05)O_2 as Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials

Thenewgreenenvironmentprotectionbatteriesareofgreatimportanceinelectronicinformation ,newenergy ,environmentprotectionandothersignificanttechniquefields ,sothereisnotimetodelaythede velopmentofthegreenenvironmentprotectionbatter ies .LithiumionbatteryisthenewgenerationofrechargingbatteryfollowingCd NiandNi H2 batter ies ,whichhasmanyadvantagessuchashighworkvoltage (about 3.6V ) ,highspecificcapacity (thebulkspecificcapacityis 30 0Wh·L- 1,themassspe cificcapacityis 12 0W·g- 1) ,balanceddisc…     

Study on(Y,Gd)3(Al,Ga)5O12∶Ce3+ Phosphor

(Y1-a, Gda)3-x(Al1-b, Gab)5O12∶Ce3 x was synthesized by high-temperature solid state reaction in reducing atmosphere based on high purity raw materials. The influences of Y3 , Gd3 , Al3 , Ga3 and activator-Ce3 on the performance of the phosphor were investigated. Ce3 is the luminescent center and activates the phosphor after it replaces Y partially. When x is less than 0.12, the volume of the crystal and the emission intensity of the phosphor increase with the quantity of Ce3 . When CeO2 is added too much, the phase CeAlO3 will appear. The excitation and emission peaks of the phosphor will shift to longer wavelength when the amount of Gd3 increases. The wavelength of the emission peak can shift about 20 nm when a equals 0.45. In opposite, the excitation and emission peaks will shift to shorter wavelength, when part of Al3 is replaced by Ga3 . The wavelength of the emission peak can shift about 20 nm when b equals 0.55. Through the replacemeat of Y3 or Al3 by Gd3 or Ga3 , the emission peak of the phosphor can be adjusted from 520 to 560 nm. In this way, the phosphor is more suitable for different chips.     

Al_2O_3La_2O_3Y_2O_3/Cu复合材料的电弧侵蚀特性研究

采用喷射沉积和内氧化法制备出Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu复合材料,研究该材料在直流20 V/20 A的工作条件下触点的电弧侵蚀特性,并与Al2O3/Cu材料进行了对比分析.利用电子天平、扫描电镜等方法分析电弧侵蚀后触点的质量变化和表面微观结构.结果表明,通过添加Y2O3、La2O3稀土氧化物颗粒,可有效降低触头材料的材料转移量.Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu材料的抗熔焊性和抗烧损性优于Al2O3/Cu材料的性能.在直流阻性负载条件下Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu阳极触头表面形成凹坑,阴极触头表面形成凸起,触点表面显示出浆糊状凝固物和喷发坑等电弧侵蚀形貌特征.     

纳米(CeO2)0.95(GdO1.5)0.05材料的制备与电化学性能

采用改进的氨水-双氧水法制备了纳米(CeO2)0.95(GdO1.5)0.05粉末,并利用TGA/DTA、XRD和TEM对粉末进行了表征。由TGA/DTA分析曲线可知,粉末在621℃完全转化为晶态(CeO2)0.95(GdO1.5)0.05;XRD分析表明,粉末样品为萤石结构,计算得粉末的粒度为5.23nm,晶胞常数为0.5406nm;由TEM照片可以看出,粉末呈软团聚状,颗粒细小均匀,粒径分布在5～10nm范围内,与XRD的分析计算结果基本一致。用SPS法制备了纳米(CeO2)0.95(GdO1.5)0.05固体电解质材料,采用交流阻抗法测试其电导率,晶格电导率为1.32E-3S/cm,晶界电导率为0.24E-5S/cm,与普通材料相比,纳米材料的晶格电导率提高了两倍,晶界电导率提高了100多倍,但晶界电导仍小于晶格电导,即晶界仍然是阻抗性的。     

La2O3, Ce2O3掺杂对原位合成Al2O3(p)/TiAl复合材料显微组织与性能的影响

借助XRD, SEM分析及力学性能测试, 分析了La2O3, Ce2O3掺杂对原位合成Al2O3颗粒强化钛铝基复合材料组织与性能的影响, 探讨了稀土氧化物（La2O3, Ce2O3）的细化机制. 研究结果表明： 掺杂稀土氧化物后产物由γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al双相、 Al2O3及Al4La或Al4Ce相组成;Al2O3颗粒分布于晶界处, 使基体晶粒得以细化;引入稀土元素后材料的密度明显增强, 氧化铝的团聚现象减弱. 力学性能测试表明, La2O3, Ce2O3的引入, 有效改善了复合材料的力学性能, 尤其是掺杂Ce2O3后, 材料的抗弯强度比未掺杂时提高了160%以上.     

Electrical properties of phases in the ZrO2 - Y2O3 - La2O3 system

An investigation was made of the electrical properties of phases with the cubic fluorite, pyrochlor, and C-Y₂O₃ structures, and the tetragonal ZrO₂ structure (T-ZrO₂) in the ternary system ZrO₂ - Y₂O₃ - La₂O₃. For comparison, the electrical conductivity of a number of specimens with the fluorite structure in the binary system ZrO₂ - Y₂O₃ and with the pyrochlor structure in the ternary system HfO₂ - Y₂O₃ - La₂O₃ was also studied. The specimens were prepared from nanocrystalline powders synthesized by the hydrolysis of zirconium salts in an acid medium at high temperatures. Conductivity was measured over the range 300–950°C in air. It was shown that phases with the fluorite and T-ZrO₂ structures in the investigated systems possess the highest electrical conductivities. Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 3/4(412), pp. 40–46, March–April, 2000.     

La2O3-Mo阴极材料中La2O3稳定性研究

本文采用高温光电子能谱方法对La2O3-Mo阴极及碳化La2O3-Mo阴极材料表面La2O3的化学稳定性进行了研究.实验结果表明,La2O6并不具备文献报道的极好的化学稳定性.材料中的La2O3在高温、真空条件下,其部分晶格氧发生分离.La2O3可以被Mo2C还原成单质La.单质La的结合能高于La2O3的结合能.实验证实单质La3d5/2的结合能为835.96eV,并首次给出La3d3/2的结合能实验数值为852.23eV.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of Y(OH)3, Y(OH)3:Eu3+ nanotubes and the photoluminescence of Y(OH)3:Eu3+,Y2O3:Eu3+

The phase and morphology transformation during the hydrothermal treating process of Y2O3 was evaluated with X-ray diffcrcnce (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size and specific surface area determination.The results showed that the cubic Y2O3 did not transfer into hexagonal Y(OH)3 in pure water. Therefore, pure hexagonal Y(OH)3 with nanotube and microrod morphologies were obtained by hydrothermal treating Y2O3 at 150℃ for 12 h in 15 ml of 2 mol/L NaOH solution with and with-out PVA or PEG It was suggested that the characteristic preferential growth of Y(OH)3 was attributed to the structure anisotropy of hexahedron Y(OH)3. The addition of PVA or PEG could promote the forming process of nanotubes by selective adsorption on different crystal planes,which altered the growth rate along different directions and resulted in the diffusion limit of constructing ions in the center top of rods. Finally,Y(OH)3:Eu and Y2O3:Eu nanotubes were also synthesized by using this method, and their photoluminescence properties were evaluated.     

(ZrO2)0.96(Y2O3)0.03(Al2O3)0.01陶瓷的制备及性能研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备（ZrO2）0.96（Y2O3）0.03（Al2O3）0.01的粉末, 在不同的升温速率、不同的烧结时间和不同的烧结温度等烧结工艺下制备出（ZrO2）0.96（Y2O3）0.03（Al2O3）0.01三相体系复合陶瓷. 经研究发现, 在升温速率和降温速率均为5 ℃·min^-1 的烧结制度下, 1550 ℃烧结时, 可以得到抗弯强度达998 MPa, 抗热震次数达33次, 相对密度达96%和电性能较好的烧结体.     

(Y,Gd)BO_3∶Eu~(3+)的结构和发光性质

采用高温固相反应合成了(Y,Gd)BO3∶Eu3+红色发光材料,确定了材料的最佳合成条件。该材料是以六面体晶体结构存在,空间群为P63/mm c(194)。红外光谱产生866 cm-1和912 cm-1的吸收峰,是由两种BO4的伸缩振动产生的,571 cm-1、621 cm-1、698 cm-1、711 cm-1峰是由BO4的弯曲振动引起的。发现了随Y/Gd比例的变化,Eu3+周围的局部对称性发生变化。Eu3+发光的红(5D0→7F2跃迁)橙(5D0→7F1跃迁)比随Y3+含量的增加而降低。     

Thermal Shock Resistance of Al2 O3/ZrO2 (Y2O3) Composites

ZrO₂ containing 2% (mol fraction) Y₂O₃ and 3% (mol fraction) Y₂O₃ were added into Al₂O₃ matrix, compositing composites with 15% volume fraction of addictives mentioned above. The testing of property and analysis of SEM presented that, after vacuum sintering at 1550 °C, thermal shock resistance of two composites was superior to Al₂O₃ ceramic. The experiment showed that the properties of Al₂O₃ composites was higher than Al₂O₃ ceramic, and Al₂O₃/ZrO₂(3Y) was higher than Al₂O₃/ZrO₂(2Y) in thermal shock resistance. Improvement of thermal shock resistance of composites was attributed to many toughness machanisms of ZrO₂(Y₂O₃). By calculation, the fracture energy of Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃/ZrO₂ (2Y) and Al₂O₃/ZrO₂(3Y) was 38100.8 and 126.2 J·m⁻², respectively. Cracks initiation resistance (R') of Al₂O₃/ZrO₂(3Y) and Al₂O₃/ZrO₂(2Y) was higher than Al₂O₃ ceramic by 1.57 and 1.41 time, respectively, and cracks propagation resistance (R″″) was higher than Al₂O₃ ceramic by 1.46 and 1.38 time, respectively, which was corresponding to the results of residual strength.     

Thermochemical Study on Ternary Solid Complex of La(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3·2H2O (s)

The complex of lanthanum chloride with Glycine and Alanine, La(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3·2H2O, was synthesized and characterized by IR, elementary analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and chemical analysis. The dissolution enthalpies of LaCl3 ·7H2O(s), 2Gly(s) + 3Ala(s) and La(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3 ·2H2O(s) were determined in 2 mol·L-1 HCl by a solution-reaction isoperibol calorimeter. By designing a thermochemical cycle in terms of Hess′ Law and through calculation, the reaction enthalpy of lanthanum chloride seven-hydrate with Glycine and Alanine was obtained: ΔrHθm (298.15 K)=(29.652±0.504) kJ·mol-1, and the standard enthalpy of formation of La(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3·2H2O(s) ΔfHθm [La(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3·2H2O, s, 298.15 K]=-4467.6±8.3 kJ·mol-1.     

氧化钆改性铈酸镧热障涂层材料设计 及涂层抗热震性能研究

La2Ce2O7(LC) 由于具有比 YSZ 更低的热导率、 更高的热膨胀系数和良好的高温相稳定性, 是一种极具前 景的热障涂层陶瓷材料。 但该材料热膨胀系数在 200~400℃温度区间存在异常下降现象, 从而引起涂层过早失效 的问题。 目前, 通过掺杂 Gd2O3 可有效解决 LC 低温段热膨胀系数下降的问题, 但是, Gd2O3 改性 La2Ce2O7 热障 涂层最优掺杂浓度及涂层性能还未见报道。 本文采用化学共沉淀法制备了三种不同浓度 Gd2O3 改性 La2Ce2O7 材 料 ((LaxGd1-x)2Ce2O7(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3)), 研究了掺杂浓度对其热物理性能及相稳定性的影响, 采用等离子喷涂工艺 制备了(La0.8Gd0.2)2Ce2O7 (LGC)涂层, 研究了涂层的抗热震性能和涂层的失效机理。 研究结果表明： (La0.8Gd0.2)2Ce2O7 (LGC) 材料具有较低的热导率, 室温到 1400℃无相变, 并且经 1400℃长时间热处理无相变; 其制备的双陶瓷结 构 LGC/YSZ 热障涂层 1100℃热震次数可达到 109 次, 较未改性 LC/YSZ 热障涂层提升了大约 60%; 两种涂层的 失效模式相似, 均为陶瓷顶层烧结引起的片状剥落失效。     

用氧化镧改性硫酸钛

硫酸钛掺杂La2O3后经高温焙烧制得一类稀土改性固体酸,用吸附吡啶的红外光谱表征其表面酸的性质,用合成丙酸丁酯的酸催化反应考察其催化活性。结果表明:固体酸中引入稀土元素,使得催化剂表面在保持Bronsted酸中心的同时,产生了新的Lewis酸中心;利用稀土的引入量不但可以调节固体酸表面B/L酸的比例,而且能提高固体酸中B酸的热稳定性。在催化合成丙酸丁酯化反应中,改性后的固体酸不但具有更好的酸催化活性,稀土含量少、反应后沉降快、易分离和回收、可重复使用多次,容易再生等优点,而且大大简化了反应的后处理工艺、产物无色、清亮透明。并获得催化剂制备优化条件为:镧含量5%,焙烧温度400℃。稀土改性后的固体酸是一种环境友好催化剂。     

Amorphized powders of eutectic composition in the Al2O3-ZrO2(Y2O3) system

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 1(325), pp. 4–8, January, 1990.     

Effects of La_2O_3 contents on the Pd/Ce_（0.8）Zr_（0.2）O_2-La_2O_3 catalysts for methanol decomposition

The catalytic behaviors of Pd (1.4 wt.%) catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2 promoted with La2O3 were investigated for methanol decomposition. The measurements of inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP), N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and oxygen storage capacity (OSC) were used to characterize the properties of catalysts. The catalysts' activities were tested in a fixed bed continuous ...