地震对风力发电机组塔架设计的影响

以国内典型的82m风轮直径、70m轮毂高度的1.5MW风力发电机组为例,介绍了Ⅷ级烈度地震载荷的计算方法,通过有限元法(FEA)建模计算了风力发电机组塔架的自然模态位移和地震载荷,并利用得出的计算结果确定地震对塔架设计的影响。实例应用结果表明,Ⅷ级烈度地震引起的载荷叠加值小于塔架的设计极限载荷,塔架设计能满足安装在烈度Ⅰ～Ⅷ地震地区的安全要求。     

塔架风载荷的近似计算

阐述稳定风和阵风时塔架载荷的影响,在对塔架风载荷计算方面则结合公司的资源,对比GH Bladed的仿真结果,并参考中国建筑规范,总结出一套行之有效的塔架风载荷计算方法.     

塔架风载荷的近似计算

阐述稳定风和阵风时塔架载荷的影响,在对塔架风载荷计算方面则结合公司的资源,对比GH Bladed的仿真结果,并参考中国建筑规范,总结出一套行之有效的塔架风载荷计算方法。     

大型风力发电机组塔架联接螺栓最大工作载荷的计算

通过风力发电机组塔架联接螺栓所受的载荷种类、特点,对塔架联接螺栓受力状态进行分析,并根据螺栓的分布规律推导出联接螺栓最大工作载荷的精确、简便的计算公式,可供相关设计人员参考.     

大型风力发电机组塔架焊接变形矫正方法

介绍大型风力发电机组塔架焊接变形的矫正方法,矫正火焰的种类,加热方式,火焰矫正工艺等原理,从而有效地矫正、控制风力发电机组塔架焊接变形,满足运行使用要求.     

风力发电机组塔架螺栓连接公差问题研究

针对风力发电机组塔架法兰的螺栓连接,基于IEC 61400对其公差的要求和可能发生的平面度问题,采用有限元方法进行应力计算.结合实际风力发电机组法兰螺栓连接实例计算,对塔架法兰内倾量和平面度公差对筒壁和螺栓的影响进行总结,提出法兰内倾角公差设计方法,比较平面度公差对螺栓的影响,可为提高塔架法兰连接的可靠性提供更为严谨的...     

基于ANSYS Workbench的大型风力发电机组塔架静态分析

针对大型风力发电机组塔架事故发生率高的问题,以酒泉风电基地瓜州风电场某大型1．5MW风力发电机组塔架（锥筒式）为研究对象,利用ANSYS Workbench软件建立大型风力发电机组塔架的三维有限元模型,进行静态强度分析和剐度分析,准确计算出塔架在各种荷载下的应力及塔顶位移。计算结果表明：被分析的1．5MW风力发电机组塔架（锥筒式）整体结构满足强度和刚度要求,为塔架的优化设计提供了依据。     

大型风力发电机组的建模与仿真

建立了大型变桨距风力发电机组在标称状况下的非线性数学模型，将其线性化后，在不同风速下进行了不同输入（桨矩角β、风速ｖ和电网电压Ｕ１变化）的开环仿真。仿真结果对控制器的设计有参考价值。     

大型风力发电机组塔架优化设计

鉴于塔架对风力发电机组的承载能力、使用寿命与安全的影响,因此对塔架进行科学、合理的设计尤为重要。提出了风力发电机组塔架的设计思路,总结了静强度、屈曲稳定及模态分析等理论基础的特点,通过整合这些理论基础给出了优化设计步骤,并以湘潭电机股份有限公司某大型风机为例,采用Matlab对塔架进行了优化设计。结果表明,采用基础理论对塔架进行优化设计是简单有效的方法之一,且在满足各项安全指标的前提下,有效地控制了塔架重量,适合推广应用。     

风电场风力发电机组塔架基础设计研究

基于广东徐闻洋前风电场工程,对风力发电机组塔架基础设计进行研究。通过合理的设计优化,在基础形式、桩型、稳定性等方面采用了独特的思路和新工艺。     

大型风力发电机组塔架顶端的水平位移的计算

计算大型风力发电机组的整体稳定性和动态特性的关键是要计算出机组顶端的水平位移,由于大型风力发电机组结构通常比较复杂,塔架均采用变截面形式,各截面的刚度并非常数,因此使计算过程变得复杂、繁琐,以变截面塔架结构为例,根据刚度相等的条件,推导出变截面塔架结构在横向力、弯矩及均布载荷作用下对应的当量惯性矩的计算公式,从而可简便地求出其顶端的水平位移。     

Reduced models of doubly fed induction generator system for wind turbine simulations

This article compares three reduced models with a detailed model of a doubly fed induction generator system for wind turbine applications. The comparisons are based on simulations only. The main idea is to provide reduced generator models which are appropriate to simulate normal wind turbine operation in aeroelastic wind turbine models, e.g. for control system design or structural design of the wind turbine. The electrical behaviour such as grid influence will therefore not be considered. The work presented in this article shows that with an ideal, undisturbed grid the dynamics of the doubly fed induction generator system is very well represented by the dynamics due to the generator inertia and the generator control system, whereas the electromagnetic characteristics of the generator can be represented by the steady state relations. The parameters for the proposed models are derived from parameters typically available from the generator data sheet and from the controller settings. Thus the models are simple to apply in any case where the generator data sheet is available. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

风切变和塔影效应对风力机变桨距控制的影响分析

随着单台风力机功率的不断增大,变桨距控制对于风力机起动、制动性能的改善和对输出功率的稳定作用不断显现。单台风力机功率的不断增大也导致了塔架的增高和风轮直径的增大,风切变和塔影效应对风轮旋转平面风速分布产生的差异也不断变大。为了验证风速差异对变桨距控制的影响,建立了考虑风切变、塔影效应的风速模型以及基于叶素理论的风力机模型。采用1.5 MW风力机的数据进行研究,仿真验证表明,在集中变桨时,即使参考风速稳定,风速分布的差异也会使实际的风轮输出转矩产生脉动,桨距角产生周期性脉动,从而导致输出功率产生脉动,影响电能质量,同时叶片上产生不平衡的弯矩,增加了叶片的疲劳载荷,缩短了叶片的寿命。大型风力机应采用独立变桨技术来解决这些问题。     

特种风力发电机组塔筒防腐方案研究

高原和海洋的风能资源丰富,更能发挥大容量风力发电机组的优势,利用前景广阔。但高原和海上的自然环境恶劣,对风机承载部件——塔筒的防腐要求更为严格。针对在高原和海上运行的特种风机,分析了塔筒的腐蚀环境,研究了塔筒的防腐原理,提出了塔筒的具体防腐措施和防腐方案,为特种风机塔筒的防腐提供了参考。     

Collapse analysis of wind turbine tower under the coupled effects of wind and near‐field earthquake

In this paper, the pattern of wind turbine tower collapse as a result of the coupled effects of wind and an intense, near‐field earthquake is investigated. The constitutive relation of the tower cylinder steel is simulated via a nonlinear kinematic hardening model, and the specific value of each parameter in the constitutive model is provided. A precise model of the tower structure coupled with the blade is created using a nonlinear, finite element method. This method is compared with the results from a static pushover test of a small cylindrical tower to validate the finite element modeling method in this research. Two earthquake wave sets are selected as inputs. One contains 20 near‐field velocity pulse‐like ground motion waves with various pulse periods; the other contains 20 ordinary far‐field ground motion waves. A wind turbine tower with a hub height of 60 m is selected as an example for analysis. The dynamic response of this tower as a result of the coupled effects of the two ground motion wave sets and a transient wind load is calculated using nonlinear time‐history analysis. The calculation results shows that the average horizontal displacement of the tower top as a result of the near‐field velocity pulse‐like ground motion is 33% larger than the case with far‐field ground motion. Finally, the seismic collapse vulnerability curve of this wind turbine tower is calculated. The seismic collapse capacity of the tower is evaluated, and the seismic collapse pattern of the tower is analyzed.     

Wind shear estimation model using load measurement of wind turbine tower and surrogate model

A wind shear estimation method based on fore‐aft moment is proposed to estimate wind shear strength without a Doppler lidar. We construct wind shear estimation models (WSEMs) using surrogate models whose input is the time‐averaged fore‐aft moment and various supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system data. Learning data for the WSEMs are generated by numerical simulation or field measurement of a real turbine using SCADA, strain gauges, and Doppler lidar. By using simulation data, we construct 20 WSEMs with various input combinations and surrogate methods to select a model with the highest accuracy. The best WSEM is constructed with the universal Kriging surrogate model and uses the fore‐aft moment and wind speed as its input. Subsequently, the best WSEM is applied to a real turbine to validate its accuracy in real wind conditions, and we confirm that the WSEM has reasonable accuracy. However, the estimation error in the real wind condition is about twice as high as that in the simulation due to the real wind shear not completely corresponding to the assumed wind profile and a large yaw error. Further improvement in wind shear estimation accuracy will be achieved by adding yaw error and turbulence intensity to the input variables and applying the WSEM to wind farms on simple terrain or offshore wind farms where wind profile error decreases.     

风电机组装配式超高钢混塔筒刚度鲁棒性分析

装配式超高钢混塔筒在设计阶段往往过度关注局部构件的承载能力及安全裕度,忽视了装配式结构存在的整体性、刚度及抗震性能差等问题。为找到对整体结构刚度影响大的接触面并加固处理,在局部构件满足承载力要求的前提下须对整体结构刚度鲁棒性进行分析。文章选取分段式和分片式两种不同技术路线的140 m高钢混塔筒结构形式进行分析。首先,对这两种钢混塔筒结构进行模态分析,获取初始前6阶自振频率;其次,计算结构单一接触面分别部分失效情况下的自振频率,获得接触面的重要性排序;最后,计算接触面按重要性逐一失效情况下结构最终的鲁棒值。结果表明:分片式钢混塔筒结构刚度鲁棒性优于分段式钢混塔筒;在混凝土段高度1/6,1/2及5/6附近(从底到顶)要避免设置接触面或设置加强连接措施。     

大型风力发电机组塔架刚度的研究

以大型风力发电机组最常用的变截面（锥形）塔架结构为例,根据刚度相等的条件,推导出变截面塔架结构在横向力、弯矩及均布载荷作用下对应的当量惯性矩的计算公式：从而可简便地利用材料力学中的经典公式求出其顶端的位移,达到塔架刚度计算的目的．     

兆瓦风力发电机系统可靠性设计理论研究

在分析兆瓦风力发电机系统的基础上,提出了兆瓦风力发电机发电系统可靠度的基本概念及计算方法,建立了可靠度最优分配的数学模型及最优兆瓦风机发电系统可靠性设计的数学模型。