介孔分子筛改性研究进展

本文从有机离子交换改性、脱铝改性、杂原子同晶置换改性、孔道和表面修饰改性这四方面综述了国内外介孔分子筛的改性研究进展,分别评述了各种改性的方法和原理,为新型无机材料分子筛的应用领域研究提供了新方法,并对分子筛未来的发展方向进行了展望.     

有序介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展

综述了有序介孔分子筛SBA-15材料由于其骨架缺陷少,导致催化活性较低,为了扩展其在催化、大分子吸附领域的应用,需要在SBA-15表面引入活性组分的现状。从改性机理和方法出发,并结合了近年来国内外研究现状,SBA-15在金属改性和酸改性领域的应用,对今后的研究方向做出了展望。     

有序介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展

综述了有序介孔分子筛SBA-15材料由于其骨架缺陷少,导致催化活性较低,为了扩展其在催化、大分子吸附领域的应用,需要在SBA-15表面引入活性组分的现状。从改性机理和方法出发,并结合了近年来国内外研究现状,SBA-15在金属改性和酸改性领域的应用,对今后的研究方向做出了展望。     

席夫碱锌改性介孔硅对毒死蜱的吸附与缓释

以3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）、水杨醛和锌离子为改性剂,通过共缩聚法合成席夫碱锌配合物改性MCM-41（Zn-MCM-41）,并以毒死蜱为模型药物,制备了毒死蜱/席夫碱锌配合物改性MCM-41缓释体系。利用XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、FTIR、DSC和XPS对MCM-41、氨基改性MCM-41（NH₂-MCM-41）、水杨醛席夫碱改性MCM-41（SA-MCM-41）的结构、毒死蜱的分布形态和Zn-MCM-41的配位情况进行了表征,考察了MCM-41在改性前后对毒死蜱的吸附量,并着重探究了其对毒死蜱的吸附动力学、吸附热力学以及缓释性能。结果表明,APTES和水杨醛席夫碱改性后的MCM-41仍具有较为有序的介孔结构。MCM-41对毒死蜱的吸附量为54 mg·g^-1,Zn-MCM-41的吸附量为186 mg·g^-1,相对于MCM-41,其吸附量增加了244%。改性前后的MCM-41对毒死蜱的吸附动力学和吸附热力学分别符合准一级动力学模型和Freundlich模型。毒死蜱/席夫碱锌配合物改性MCM-41缓释体系的释药行为可用Riger-Peppas动力学模型来描述,其药物释放由Fick扩散控制。     

介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展

从金属改性、酸改性和氧化物改性三方面综述了介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展,重点介绍了SBA-15表面功能化后引入金属改性的方法。评述了金属纳米粒子的制备对改性的SBA-15催化剂催化性能的影响。     

介孔分子筛SBA-15表面改性对脂肪酶固定化的强化作用

引言 脂肪酶可以催化酯水解或醇解、酯合成、酯交换、多肽合成及高聚物合成等多种有机反应,已被广泛应用于食品、精细化工及制药工业中[1].作为重要的生物催化剂,脂肪酶应用的有效性和经济性很大程度上取决于酶的固定化.     

短孔道介孔二氧化硅SBA-15对铀的吸附性能

以短孔道介孔二氧化硅SBA-15为铀吸附剂,考察吸附时间、初始液pH、初始浓度对吸附性能的影响,并分析了吸附动力学和吸附等温线以及吸附前后红外光谱变化。结果表明,初始液pH对吸附具有重要的影响,最佳吸附的pH值为6; 吸附在30 min即可达到平衡; 当初始浓度为100 mg·L^-1时,饱和吸附量为311 mg·g^-1;吸附量随铀溶液初始浓度的增大而增大,而吸附百分数则相反;吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附模型,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程;吸附过程中起主要作用的基团是Si-OH和Si-O-Si。     

两种介孔硅材料对布洛芬控制释放的研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成MCM-41,并用γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)进行环氧基修饰,制备了未经修饰改性和环氧基功能化的两种MCM-41材料。通过电镜、XRD、红外(IR)、氮气吸附脱附等方法对两种材料的性能进行比较研究,并利用这两种材料设计了pH控制的布洛芬吸附-释放系统。结果表明,改性前后的MCM-41均保持了良好的孔道结构,MCM-41释放迅速,且释放量多,8 h达到饱和,而环氧基改性后的MCM-41能够起到缓慢释放的效果,为释放总量65%左右,低于前者。     

两种介孔硅材料对布洛芬控制释放的研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成MCM-41,并用γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)进行环氧基修饰,制备了未经修饰改性和环氧基功能化的两种MCM-41材料。通过电镜、XRD、红外(IR)、氮气吸附脱附等方法对两种材料的性能进行比较研究,并利用这两种材料设计了pH控制的布洛芬吸附-释放系统。结果表明,改性前后的MCM-41均保持了良好的孔道结构,MCM-41释放迅速,且释放量多,8 h达到饱和,而环氧基改性后的MCM-41能够起到缓慢释放的效果,为释放总量65%左右,低于前者。     

改性SBA-15介孔分子筛的催化研究进展

SBA-15介孔分子筛,以其独特的结构、所能提供的特殊微环境以及广阔的应用前景,成为催化与纳米材料领域长久以来研究和开发的热点之一。综述了近年来SBA-15介孔分子筛的研究进展情况,侧重于改性原理、改性方法以及金属改性、酸改性和有机物改性3个具体的改性方向,并对其今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

Biopolymers as Carriers for Nasal Drug Delivery

Biopolymers are the most abundant raw materials that can be obtained from natural sources including bacteria, fungi, plants and even humans. The biopolymers are easily available, non-toxic, biodegradable and Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS). These natural polymers can play an important role in the formulation of drug delivery systems by influencing the release, residence time and permeation of the therapeutic agent. The present review gives an insight into the important biopolymers and their properties in the effective delivery of the therapeutic agents systemically as well as targeting the brain via the intranasal route.     

pH和温度响应型介孔SiO2杂化材料的药物控释研究进展

基于介孔SiO2的智能响应型有机-无机杂化纳米复合材料,由于其优异的物化性能、可控的结构特征及其良好的生物相容性,近年来在药物缓控释领域中备受关注.针对N-异丙基丙烯酰胺共聚丙烯酸聚合物P(NIPAM-co-AA)和介孔SiO2纳米球,分析和归纳了具有pH和温度双重响应性能的介孔SiO2杂化材料的合成策略、物化性能及其...     

疏水性MCM-41介孔分子筛对水溶液中双酚A的吸附研究

双酚A(BPA)作为一种环境内分泌干扰物严重威胁到人类的身体健康.吸附法作为一种有效的方法广泛应用于BPA的去除研究中.分别以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为模板剂常温一步合成的未煅烧介孔分子筛(MCM-41-dry)和通过煅烧去除模板剂的介孔分子筛(MCM-41-cal)作为吸附剂吸附水溶液中的BPA.结果表明,MCM-41-dry的吸附效果远高于MCM-41-cal,这归因于含有表面模板剂的MCM-41-dry具有较强的疏水性.同时发现当3 ＜pH＜10时,MCM-41-dry的吸附效果没有发生明显的改变,说明该材料在较大的pH范围内能保持稳定的吸附效能,但是当pH＞ 10时,吸附容量迅速下降.BPA在MCM-41-dry上的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附模型,25℃时的最大吸附容量高达405 mg·g-1.     

Transdermal Delivery Systems for Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen Modified with Amino Acids Alkyl Esters Based on Bacterial Cellulose

The potential of bacterial cellulose as a carrier for the transport of ibuprofen (a typical example of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) through the skin was investigated. Ibuprofen and its amino acid ester salts-loaded BC membranes were prepared through a simple methodology and characterized in terms of structure and morphology. Two salts of amino acid isopropyl esters were used in the research, namely L-valine isopropyl ester ibuprofenate ([ValOiPr][IBU]) and L-leucine isopropyl ester ibuprofenate ([LeuOiPr][IBU]). [LeuOiPr][IBU] is a new compound; therefore, it has been fully characterized and its identity confirmed. For all membranes obtained the surface morphology, tensile mechanical properties, active compound dissolution assays, and permeation and skin accumulation studies of API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) were determined. The obtained membranes were very homogeneous. In vitro diffusion studies with Franz cells were conducted using pig epidermal membranes, and showed that the incorporation of ibuprofen in BC membranes provided lower permeation rates to those obtained with amino acids ester salts of ibuprofen. This release profile together with the ease of application and the simple preparation and assembly of the drug-loaded membranes indicates the enormous potentialities of using BC membranes for transdermal application of ibuprofen in the form of amino acid ester salts.     

Ordered Mesoporous Silica (OMS) Supported Vanadium Nitride and Carbide Catalysts

Nanostructured vanadium nitride and carbide catalysts were prepared by the nitridation and carburization of vanadium oxide supported on M41S materials (MCM-41 and SBA-15) and activated carbon. The oxide precursors, V₂O₅/M41S, were obtained in three different synthesis strategies using “in situ” and “ex situ” incorporation of vanadia precursors (V(acac)₃) into the mesoporous host. For the oxide precursors specific surface areas exceeding 1,200 m² g⁻¹ were achieved. After nitridation a slight decrease of surface area was observed. All VN catalysts show a high activity in propane dehydrogenation with a selectivity exceeding 80% towards propene. Impregnation and nitridation conditions have profound influence upon the catalytic activity. The highest activity was observed for VN supported on NORIT A.     

Synthesis of Amine-Functionalized MCM-41 and MCM-48 for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions

In this research amino functional mesoporous MCM-41 and MCM-48 materials were prepared in an attempt to develop efficient adsorbents for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and TG-DTG techniques. The synthesized adsorbents were used for the removal of Cu(II), Co(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions for the first time, and the influence of some effective parameters including concentration, initial pH, contact time, and temperature on the sorption process was studied and optimized. Significant adsorption capacities were obtained at low concentrations. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process was fast and more than 90% of equilibrium capacity was achieved within 60 min. Experimental kinetic data was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters computed from the experimental data showed that the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous.     

The radical species and impurities present in mesoporous silicas as oxidation active centres

Three kinds of mesoporous silicas with hexagonal arrangement of mesopores, i.e. MCM-41, SBA-3 and SBA-15, were synthesised and characterised by XRD, N₂ adsorption, FTIR, UV–vis and ESR techniques. A choice of these silicas was determined by the use of various siliceous precursors, templates and synthesis conditions. Their catalytic activity was estimated in the oxidation of methanol (gas phase) and cyclohexene (liquid phase) as well as in acid-basic test reactions (propanol–2 decomposition and acetonylacetone (AcAc) cyclisation). It was evidenced that the sources of siliceous, nature of templates and the preparation conditions (pH) play a crucial role in the formation of active species. The E′ and NBOHC (Si–O) and iron and chloride impurities were estimated as active centres for both oxidation reactions.     

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Drug Delivery Vehicles for Antidiabetic Molecules

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are promising nanomaterials that are widely used in biomedical applications like drug delivery, diagnosis, bio-sensing and cell tracking. MSNs have been investigated meticulously in the drug-delivery field due to their unique chemical and pharmacokinetic properties, such as highly ordered mesopores, high surface area and pore volume, tuneable pore size, stability, surface functionalisation, and biocompatibility. MSN-based nanocomposites have been used to deliver therapeutic molecules like insulin, GLP-1, exenatide, DPP-4 inhibitor and plasmid-containing GLP-1 genes for managing diabetes mellitus for the last decade. The functionalisation properties of MSNs make them substantially capable of the co-delivery, controlled delivery and stimuli-responsive delivery of antidiabetic drugs. This review focuses on the delivery of antidiabetic therapeutics with special emphasis on the functionalisation of MSNs and stimuli-responsive delivery.     

Synthesis of Spongy-Like Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite from Raw Waste Eggshells for Enhanced Dissolution of Ibuprofen Loaded via Supercritical CO2

The use of cheaper and recyclable biomaterials (like eggshells) to synthesize high purity hydroxyapatite (HAp) with better properties (small particle size, large surface area and pore volume) for applications (in environmental remediation, bone augmentation and replacement, and drug delivery systems) is vital since high-purity synthetic calcium sources are expensive. In this work, pure and mesoporous HAp nanopowder with large pore volume (1.4 cm³/g) and surface area (284.1 m²/g) was produced from raw eggshells at room temperature using a simple two-step procedure. The control of precursor droplets could stabilize the pH value of the reaction solution, because of the size of the needle (of the syringe pump used for precursor additions) leading to production of HAp with high surface area and pore size. The as-produced HAp revealed high ibuprofen (as a model drug) loading (1.38 g/g HAp), enhanced dissolution and controllable release of the drug via solute-saturated supercritical carbon dioxide.     

13X微孔沸石和MCM-41介孔材料的合成及用于处理含Cd2+废水

以天津蓟县钾长石矿粉为主要原料,经选矿、煅烧、水热处理等工艺成功合成了13X微孔沸石. 以气相氧化硅、氢氧化钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵等为主要原料,在水热条件下合成了MCM-41有序介孔材料. 采用XRD和N2吸附-脱附等手段对合成的13X沸石和MCM-41介孔材料的物相、比表面积、孔径、孔体积等进行了分析对比. 在此基础上,对13X沸石和MCM-41介孔材料处理含Cd2+废水的效果和机理进行了对比研究,确定了不同分子筛用量、不同初始pH值、不同混合时间下13X沸石和MCM-41介孔分子筛对水中Cd2+的吸附率和吸附量. 研究发现,尽管MCM-41的比表面积和孔径远大于13X沸石,但其对水中Cd2+的处理效果却低于13X沸石,这与13X沸石和MCM-41的孔道结构类型、化学组成、表面荷电性质等有关.