云南山楂茎尖的离体培养及其无性系快速繁殖

用云南山楂(Crataegus scabrifolia(Franch.)Rehd.)成年树茎尖和实生芽两种不同发育阶段的材料为外殖体,诱导它们休眠芽萌动,丛生芽条并诱导芽条生根。实验结果如下:1.以成年态的云南山楂侧芽为外植体,培养在附加IAA 0.1—0.5mg/l+6-BA 1-2mg/l的MS培养基上可诱导芽的萌发;将芽继代培养在附加0.5—1mg/l 6-BA的SH或MS培养基上,40天后芽数增殖4—6倍;将芽条截下置于1/2MS培养基上,附加不同浓度的IAA或IBA,可得到50—80％的生根率。2.以实生芽为外殖体,在相同条件下,则20天后芽数增殖便可获4—6倍;98％以上生根。结果表明:云南山楂的幼年态要比成年态易脱分化和再分化。     

芦荟横切薄层培养再生植株(简报)

以芦荟横切薄层在改良MS 6—BA3．5mg/L(单位下同) IBA0．3培养基上,芽诱导率可达95％以上;丛生芽于改良MS 6—BA2．5 IBA0．2培养基培养可增殖;在改良MS NAAO．5培养基上经15—20d可产生健壮根系。     

提高成年云南山楂树试管培养苗生根率的方法

用成年云南山楂Crataegus scabrifolia(Franch)Rehd.树的无菌增殖芽苗作为生根试验材料。结果表明:接种在含生长素(IBA、NAA)0.01—1.0mg/l的MS/2培养基中,芽苗的平均生根率为50.4％;在高浓度(150—250mg/l)生长素溶液中浸泡芽苗基部30分钟,然后接种到无生长素的MS/2培养基中,其生根率为60.1％;用高浓度生长素液蘸芽苗基部的生根率为83.5％;芽苗在含IBA 1—5mg/l的培养基中培养2—4天,然后转入MS/2培养基中诱导生根,生根率可达92％以上,根伸长正常。黑暗条件明显抑制生根,每日16小时至24小时光照对芽苗生根有益。     

罗汉果叶片离体再生快繁技术

以罗汉果(Ssiraiti grosvenori)叶片为外植体,探讨培养方式、激素组合对愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的影响。结果表明:罗汉果叶片在培养基MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.7 mg/L上培养4周愈伤组织的诱导率达90%以上;罗汉果愈伤组织在培养基MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA0.2 mg/L+赛苯隆(TDZ)0.1 mg/L上不定芽的分化率可达70%,平均出芽指数3.7;罗汉果试管苗在培养基MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+IBA 0.2 mg/L上茎芽增殖比较稳定,在培养基MS+IBA0.1 mg/L上培养2周开始分化不定根,其生根率在90%以上。     

峨眉双蝴蝶组织培养与快速繁殖(简报)

峨眉双蝴蝶植株带芽茎段的最佳芽诱导培养基为MS＋6-BA 1.5mg／L;在1／2MS＋IBA 1.0培养基上可诱导出根,生根率96％以上;生根苗经炼苗后移栽成活率在89％以上。     

罗布麻离体培养及快繁技术的研究

采用野生罗布麻(Apocynum venetamL.)顶芽及芽下茎段为外植体进行离体培养及快繁技术优化的研究。结果表明:适宜罗布麻离体培养的基本培养基为MS,适宜外植体起始分化的培养基为:MS BA 1.8mg/L KT 0.5mg/L,分化率为88.9%以上;适宜茎段增殖的培养基为MS BA 2.0mg/L KT 0.5mg/L,繁殖系数最高达5.67倍,通过切段繁殖还可提高繁殖系数3倍;适宜生根的培养基为MS IBA 0.5mg/L NAA 0.02mg/L,生根率达90%以上。     

不同生长调节剂对丹参快速繁殖的影响

探讨了丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)快速繁殖过程中不同生长调节剂的影响.实验表明:MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L NAA 0.05 mg/L是诱导初代培养的芽产生大量丛生芽的最佳培养基,其诱导生芽率为100%;最佳的丛生芽增殖培养基为MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.01 mg/L,其增殖倍数为15倍;MS 6-BA 0.5～2.0 mg/L是诱导大量不定芽的最佳培养基,其诱导生芽率为100%,最佳的不定芽增殖培养基为MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L,其增殖倍数为24倍;诱导生根较好的培养基为1/2MS IBA 0.1 mg/L,生根率为98%,移栽成活率为100%.     

中国野生葡萄组织培养研究

对中国野生山葡萄左山—1、左山—2、燕山葡萄燕山—1和秋葡萄平利—7的叶片、叶柄、茎段及单芽茎段进行了离体培养研究。诱导左山—1叶片分化出不定芽的培养基为MS BA 5．0mg／L NAA0．1mg／L,诱导率2．5％;诱导平利—7叶柄分化出不定芽的培养基为MS BA7．0mg／L NAA0．1mg／L,诱导率1．95％;诱导左山—1、燕山—1和平利—7茎段分化出不定芽的培养基与叶柄相同,但诱导率相对较高,分别为8．25％、4．88％和6．49％;应用这一培养基对平利—7、左山—2的单芽茎段进行培养,丛状不定芽的诱导率均为100％。不定芽继代培养基为MS BA0．5mg／L IBA0．2mg／L;生根培养基为1／2MS IBA0．1—0.2mg／L。     

杉木高效再生与基因转化的初步研究

用取自60d龄无菌苗上的杉木茎段为外植体,在MS 6-BA0.75mg/L IBA0.25mg/L培养基中诱导芽分化,丛生芽的诱导率达到95.8％,每个外植体平均有5.2个芽。切取诱导芽单苗,转至MS NAA1.0mg/L培养基上诱导根再生,外植体出根率为91.4％。在此基础上,将杉木茎段与农杆菌AGL1共培养2d,通过在含200mg/L卡那霉素的再生培养基中培养,初步筛选出卡那霉素抗生苗,转化频率为1.1％。     

裂叶悬钩子组织培养研究——Ⅰ.裂叶悬钩子叶外植体培养直接再生不定芽及植物激素对它的影响

本文首次报道裂叶悬钩子(Rubus laciniatus Wild)叶外植体培养在改良的NN⁶⁹培养基上附加2—4mg/1 6-BA和0.1mg/1 NAA或1—3mg/1 2,4-D和0.1mg/1 NAA,两者都可直接从完整叶片、叶片下切段或叶柄诱导出不定芽。诱导频率达20—48%。而不定芽绝大部分发生在叶轴处或叶柄基部。完整叶片的不定芽诱导率与叶片下切段无差别,但比叶柄基部诱导率要高。6-BA对叶轴处不定芽诱导率比2,4-D的要高。此外,不需继代培养,不定芽数可达10—20个,继代培养一个月左右,每个不定芽能形成丛生芽数可达40一60个。另外,本文还讨论了细胞分化过程中的极性现象。     

Shoot multiplication from mature trees of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana)

Opening of apical and axillary buds of mature Douglas-fir and sugar pine trees was obtained on a newly formulated basal medium (DCR) without growth regulators. Elongation of buds was observed on 1/2 strength DCR with 0.3% activated charcoal (DCR-1). In sugar pine, multiple shoots were obtained when explants on DCR with 0.5 mg/1 BAP for 5–6 weeks were transferred to DCR-1 medium. On subculture, axillary buds again developed when shoots were cultured on DCR with 0.2 mg/1 BAP for Douglas-fir and 0.5 mg/1 BAP for sugar pine. These buds were again elongated on DCR-1 medium. By subculturing 7–10 shoots of Douglas-fir and 2–3 shoots of sugar pine, over 100 shoots can be obtained in a year.Abbreviations BAP N⁶-benzylaminopurine - KN kinetin - NAA -naphthalene acetic acid - IAA Indole-3-acetic acid - MS Murashige-Skoog medium - WPM woody-plant medium     

裂叶悬钩子组织培养研究 Ⅰ.裂叶悬钩子叶外植体培养直接再生不定芽及植物激素对它的影响

本文首次报道裂叶悬钩子(Rubus laciniatus Wild)叶外植体培养在改良的NN~(69)培养基上附加2—4mg/1 6-BA和0.1mg/1 NAA或1—3mg/1 2,4-D和0.1mg/1 NAA,两者都可直接从完整叶片、叶片下切段或叶柄诱导出不定芽。诱导频率达20—48%。而不定芽绝大部分发生在叶轴处或叶柄基部。完整叶片的不定芽诱导率与叶片下切段无差别,但比叶柄基部诱导率要高。6-BA对叶轴处不定芽诱导率比2,4-D的要高。此外,不需继代培养,不定芽数可达10—20个,继代培养一个月左右,每个不定芽能形成丛生芽数可达40一60个。另外,本文还讨论了细胞分化过程中的极性现象。     

蝎尾蕉属植物的组织培养与快速繁殖

以蝎尾蕉属植物的吸芽为外植体,经灭菌处理后接种到MS BA 2-10 mg L-1 NAA 0.2-1.0 mg L-1培养基上,能进行不定芽的诱导和增殖,不同品种的增殖倍率相差较大,所需最适BA的浓度也不同.生根培养基以MS NAA 0.5 mg L-4 0.5%活性炭的效果较好.以沙,或泥炭土:沙=1:1,或珍珠岩:河沙=1:1三种基质移栽的试管苗,成活率达到90%以上.     

驱蚊草组织培养及其愈伤组织诱导研究

运用正交设计方法,利用植物组织、细胞培养技术,成功地建立了驱蚊草组织培养快繁技术体系。研究出:不定芽诱导的最适培养基为MS 6-BA0.2mg/L NAA0.3mg/L,增殖倍数为6.73;生根培养基为1/2MS NAA0.4mg/L,平均每株生根数为11.2条,生根率为90.0%。通过对其离体茎段的培养研究实验,得出驱蚊香草的最适愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS 2,4-D0.5mg/L 6-BA2.0mg/L NAA0.3mg/L,发愈率为93.3%,愈伤组织多为淡黄色,质地疏松。     

油松体细胞无性系的建立

以油松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｔａｂｕｌａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓ）种胚为外植体,通过器官发生途径建立体细胞无性系。以ＭＳ为基本培养基,在芽的诱导和增殖培养基中,附加植物激素,以６ＢＡ＋ＫＴ和ＮＡＡ效果最好,两者的配比为５－１０：１,６ＢＡ和ＫＴ的浓度分别均不超过１ｍｇ／Ｌ。同时根据培养物的发育状态交替使用活性炭,则对芽的增殖有明显的促进作用。选择发育状态较幼嫩的刚抽茎的外植体,诱导生根,在１／２ＭＳ＋ＫＴ０．１＋ＩＢＡ０．１＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基中,生根率达３２．％。体细胞胚胎发生途径建立细胞无性系也已取得成功,筛选出可继代培养的胚性胚柄团无性系,在胚轴和子叶上诱导出成熟的体细胞胚并获得完整小植株。     

Successful propagation in vitro of apple rootstock MM106 and influence of phloroglucinol.

Successful in vitro propagation of clonal apple rootstock MM106 was achieved by culturing axillary buds on MS basal medium with BAP (1 mg/L), GA3 (0.5 mg/L) and IBA (0.1 mg/L). Use of liquid medium (LM) in initial cultures reduced phenol exudation to a greater extent and gave maximum sprouting percentage when transferred to solid MS medium. Phloroglucinol (PG) did not enhance sprouting of buds but increased the rate of multiplication when added in the medium. Maximum number of shoots were obtained when MS medium was supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg/L), GA3 (1 mg/L), IBA (0.1 mg/L) and PG (100 mg/L). For rooting, in vitro regenerated shoots were placed in IBA (30 mg/L) for 3 hr and transferred to solidified auxin free medium. Rooting was recorded in about 80% of shoots. Inclusion of PG in rooting medium was not beneficial but shoot cultures grown in its presence gave higher rooting percentage. Rooted plantlets showed about 70% survival rate in potting mixture of sand:soil:perlite (1:1:1).     

Micropropagation of a fruit tree, Morus australis Poir. syn. M. acidosa Griff.

High frequency bud break and multiple shoots were induced in nodal explants collected between November to February from a 5 year old tree of Morus australis Poir syn. M. acidosa Griff. on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (1.0 mg/1). Incorporation of gibberellic acid (0.3 mg/l) along with BAP (1.0 mg/l) not only induced faster bud break from nodal explants as well as from apical shoot buds, but it also enhanced the frequency of bud break. Nodal explants were more responsive than apical shoot buds. The shoots formed in vitro were multiplied further as nodal segments, and an average multiplication rate of 6-fold per subculture was established within 4–5 months. The shoots were successfully rooted on half-strength MS containing a combination of indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid and indole-3-propionic acid, each at 1.0 mg/1. The plantlets were successfully hardened off and established in natural soil.Abbreviations BAP 6-benzylaminopurine - GA₃ gibberellic acid - KN kinetin - IAA indole-3-acetic acid - IBA indole-3-butyric acid - IPA indole-3-propionic acid - MS Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium - NAA 1-naphthalene acetic acid     

Preliminary studies on tissue culture and agrobacterium-medicated transformation of Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis]

The hypocotyls and cotyledons of the asepetic seedling of Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis L cv. Pudongaijiecai) were used as explants for tissue culture. Adventitious buds were differentiated on modified MS medium supplemented with TDZ 1-2 mg/L, NAA 0.2-1 mg/L and AgNO3 7.5 mg/L. The percentage of explants which formed buds of cotyledons was about 56%, and that of hypocotyls was about 37%. When the regenerated explants were transferred onto MS medium with 2 i.p. 5 mg/L and NAA 0.1 mg/L for two weeks, whole plantlets were obtained by culturing the regenerated shoots on 1/2 MS medium with NAA 0.1 mg/L. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain (LBA 4404/PBI 121) carrying the GUS gene and Npt II gene was used for transformation. After 2 days of coculture, the hypocotyls and cotyledons were transferred onto regenerated medium containing CP 300 mg/L for bud formation. After 4-5 weeks, the differentiated buds were transferred onto selection medium with CP 200 mg/L and Km 10 mg/L for 1 month, then the green shoots were transferred onto the rooting medium containing Cef 100 mg/L and Km 20 mg/L. 4-5 weeks later, plantlets with Km resistance were obtained and some of them showed higher enzymatic activities of beta-glucuronidase than control ones.