水热电化学法制备HA／ZrO2复合涂层

采用水热电化学法成功制备了HA/ZrO2复合涂层,对涂层的组分结构、表面形貌、热稳定性进行了研究,并探讨了ZrO2的复合对涂层结合强度和生物活性的影响.结果表明当温度小于200℃时,得到缺钙磷灰石Ca10-x(HPO4)x(PO4)6-x(OH)2-x(calcium deficient hydroxyapatite,简称CDHA,0≤x≤1)和ZrO2的复合涂层,温度在200℃时,得到HA/ZrO2复合涂层;经焙烧处理后,涂层中四方晶相ZrO2(t-ZrO2)与单斜晶相ZrO2(m-ZrO2)之间发生马氏体相变;800℃焙烧后,HA部分分解为β-Ca3(PO4)2(β-TCP);当涂层中ZrO2小于35.22%(质量分数,下同)时,HA/ZrO2复合涂层的结合强度明显高于纯HA涂层;复合涂层在模拟体液中浸泡7 d后,表面即形成一层碳磷灰石层,ZrO2的复合没有降低涂层的生物活性.     

超音速氧焰喷涂HA/BG涂层的制备及表征

利用超音速氧焰喷涂(HVOF)在Ti6A14V基体上制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)/生物玻璃(BG)涂层,考察了涂层的相组成、表面形貌及生物活性.XRD显示:涂层的结晶相为HA,未检测到HA分解产物,添加生物玻璃不影响涂层的相组成;SEM结果表明:HA颗粒熔化较少,计算熔化比例为13%,BG颗粒以球形方式镶嵌在涂层表面,含量小于粉末中的比例:涂层浸泡在模拟体液中7天后发现:添加20%BG的涂层表面有类骨类磷灰石涂层生成,说明添加BG可以提高涂层的生物活性.     

微束等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层的体外生物活性研究

采用微束等离子喷涂(MPS)方法在Ti6A14V基体上制备羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和x射线衍射(XRD)分析技术对HA涂层的表面形貌、相组成和结晶度进行表征,并通过模拟体液进行体外生物活性试验.结果表明,微束等离子喷涂制备的HA涂层具有一定粗糙度,存在气孔以及微裂纹.涂层存在热分解现象,涂层中含有HA、α-TCP、β-TCP和非晶相,不含CaO等杂质相.模拟体液试验表明,微束等离子喷涂工艺制备的HA涂层具有较好的生物活性和稳定性.涂层表面均有较大比例的CaP沉积层,且涂层整体保持完整,没有出现明显的剥离.     

羟基磷灰石生物活性梯度涂层材料的界面特点

用透射电子显微镜对钛合金基体等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石 (HA)生物活性梯度涂层的界面进行了观察与分析。结果表明 :经热处理后生物活性梯度涂层的结晶程度明显提高 ,涂层中存在HA晶体、β Ca3(PO4 ) 2 晶体以及中间相CaTiO3 晶体。涂层和基体的界面结合为冶金化学结合 ,HA涂层和基体Ti间存在过渡相ZrO2 ,过渡相ZrO2 的存在有利于提高涂层和基体之间的界面结合力。     

C_((f))/HA-CS复合骨折内固定生物材料在体液中的吸湿膨胀研究

以羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖(HA-CS)为基体,碳纤维(C_((f)))为增强相,采用原位杂化法制备短切碳纤维增强HA-CS基生物复合材料.对所制备的可吸收C_((f))/HA-CS复合骨折内固定材料的吸湿膨胀及生物活性进行评价.研究羟基磷灰石含量对复合材料吸水性的影响以及复合材料在模拟体液中浸泡不同时间后的质量变化和表面羟基磷灰石的微晶仿生生长情况.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对模拟体液浸泡后材料的结构和形貌进行表征.结果表明:复合材料中羟基磷灰石的含量与吸水率成反比,通过控制HA的含量可以控制复合材料的膨胀度;复合材料在模拟体液浸泡的过程中,随着浸泡时间的延长,复合材料的质量呈现先减少后增加的变化规律,复合材料具有很好的生物活性,能诱导羟基磷灰石微晶的沉积.     

医用镁合金表面激光重熔羟基磷灰石涂层

为提高医用镁合金的表面耐蚀性和生物相容性,采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合技术在镁合金表面制备羟基磷灰石(HA)生物涂层。研究结果表明,所制备的羟基磷灰石涂层为短杆状堆积结构,主要由HA和β-TCP相组成;涂层的弹性模量约为50 GPa,较已临床应用的医用金属材料显著降低,显微硬度约为455 HV,具有较好的耐磨性。涂层在模拟体液中具有很好的耐蚀性,在腐蚀12 d后涂层表面形貌仍然较完整,无腐蚀孔洞出现。钙磷沉积实验结果表明,涂层表面形成一层新的生物磷灰石层,表明涂层具有较好的骨诱导性。     

热处理对微束等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层的影响

羟基磷灰石由于其良好的生物活性,被广泛的用作医用植入体的表面涂层材料.采用微束等离子喷涂(Microplasma Spraying,MPS)I艺在Ti-6Al-4V基体上制备羟基磷灰石涂层,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析了热处理对涂层相组成和表面形貌的影响规律.研究表明:微束等离子喷涂制备的羟基磷灰石涂层在经过热处理后结晶度提高,并且非晶相和杂质相转化成为HA结晶相.同时,羟基和磷酸根的完整性得到了恢复.过高的热处理温度易引起涂层裂纹等缺陷的增加,也容易造成羟基脱离造成HA分解.合理的热处理温度范围为600～700℃,保温时间为3 h.     

溶胶凝胶法制备TiO_2/HA复合生物活性涂层及其体外活性

通过溶胶凝胶法在纯钛基体上制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)/TiO2复合生物活性涂层。HA和TiO2溶胶由前驱体制得,按不同摩尔比直接混合两种溶胶来制备混合溶胶。HA可以提高钛基的生物活性,TiO2可以提高涂层与基体的物理、化学相容性和结合强度。粘结拉伸结果表明,复合涂层与基体结合良好,比纯HA涂层与基体的结合强度提高约47%。复合涂层试样于SBF中浸泡4、7和14d的SEM分析结果表明,复合涂层表面的类骨磷灰石生成量较高。成骨细胞实验结果表明,复合涂层上细胞铺展良好。     

微束等离子喷涂制备羟基磷灰石涂层微观结构的特征研究

目的 通过与大气等离子喷涂和超音速火焰啧涂的对比,研究微束等离子喷涂制备的羟基磷灰石涂层的微观组织特点.方法 以高结晶度的羟基磷灰石粉末为原料,采用三种不同的喷涂方法(微束等离子喷涂、大气等离子喷涂和超音速火焰喷涂),在Ti-6Al-4V基体上制备羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层.利用冷场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪,对三种涂层的形貌、相组成和择优取向进行分析.结果 与大气等离子喷涂及超音速火焰喷涂制备的涂层相比,应用该设备制备的羟基磷灰石涂层表面平整致密,无大量的气孔存在;涂层截面呈典型的层状结构,在近三分之一表面处观察到柱状晶;涂层中仅有少量的非晶相及分解相,结晶度高达90％以上.这些特征均有利于羟基磷灰石涂层在体液环境中的稳定性.结论 比较三种喷涂方法,采用微束等离子喷涂制备的羟基磷灰石涂层致密,结晶度高,杂相少,且存在择优取向的柱状晶.     

等离子喷涂HA/(HA+TiO2)复合生物涂层的研究

用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子探针(EPMA)等检测手段，以大气等离子喷涂法在纯钛表面制备的羟基磷灰石HA／(HA TiO2)复合涂层及其热处理为研究对象，探讨了TiO2在羟基磷灰石复合涂层中的作用。结果表明，喷涂后的(HA TiO2)过渡层中交替分布的HA和TiO2结合致密；HA／(HA TiO2)涂层表面裂纹比对应纯HA涂层的细小，涂层内部结合致密，证实TiO2的加入具有缓和应力的作用。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.