等离子熔覆添加碳化钨的铁基合金涂层的研究

为了提高钢铁材料表面的硬度和耐磨性,采用等离子弧在Q235钢基体上熔覆添加50%镍包WC的Fe-Cr-B-Si合金粉末,制备了具有冶金结合的复合涂层.采用SEM、EDS、XRD等研究了涂层的组织,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度分布.结果表明:Q235钢表面经等离子熔覆形成的复合涂层中,WC颗粒部分溶解于铁基合金,WC颗粒与涂层界面形成厚达数微米的反应层,有效提高了涂层与WC的界面结合强度.涂层由基体组织γ-Fe枝晶,颗粒状WC、Fe3W3C、Fe6W6C、W2C等相组成,其显微硬度可达560～820HV0.2.     

电火花沉积与激光熔覆复合涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆工艺和电火花沉积工艺在Q235钢上熔覆铁基合金粉末和WC陶瓷硬质合金,形成复合涂层.采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、显微硬度计等对复合涂层的相结构、显微组织、显微硬度及耐磨性能进行了分析.结果表明:复合涂层主要是由Fe3W3C、Co3W3C、Si2W、W2C和(Fe0.51Mn0.46 Ni0.03)6C等相组成;复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合,复合涂层中电火花区域中细小的硬质相弥散分布于沉积层中;复合涂层的厚度为140～160 μm,其中电火花沉积区域约为40μm,激光熔覆工艺的涂层厚度为100～120 μm;电火花沉积层的硬度最高可达1262.9 HV,平均硬度为1151.6 HV,电火花沉积区域与激光熔覆区域之间的过渡区域的显微硬度为884.8 HV,激光熔覆区域的显微硬度平均值为578.3 HV;复合涂层的耐磨性较基体耐磨性提高2.3倍,强化层的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损.     

Q235钢等离子熔覆添加碳化钨铁基合金复合涂层的研究

在Q235钢基体上采用等离子弧熔覆了添加30%镍包碳化钨的Fe-Cr-Ni-B-Si合金粉末,制备了具有冶金结合的复合涂层.采用SEM、EDS、XRD等研究了涂层的组织,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度分布.检测结果表明,Q235钢表面经等离子熔覆的复合涂层厚度可达2.5 mm,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷.涂层中WC颗粒部分溶解于铁基合金,WC与涂层界面形成厚达数微米的反应层,有效提高了WC与涂层间界面结合强度,其组织主要由γ-Fe和α-Fe为基,Cr23C6、Fe6W6C、WC等强化相组成,熔覆层的显微硬度可达500～1 000 HV0.2.     

等离子熔覆添加WC的Fe-Cr-Ni-B-Si涂层的研究

在Q235钢基体上采用等离子弧熔覆添加30%镍包碳化钨的Fe-Cr-Ni-B-Si合金粉末,制备具有冶金结合的复合涂层.采用OM、SEM、EDS、XRD等研究了涂层的组织,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度分布.结果表明:复合涂层中WC颗粒部分溶解于铁基合金,两相界面形成厚达数微米的反应层,有效提高了涂层与WC的界面结合强度;涂层组织主要由枝晶γ-Fe为基,椭圆状的WC、Cr23C6、Fe6W6C强化相组成,熔覆层的显微硬度可达580～630HV0.2.     

导卫辊用RE-WC-钢结硬质合金覆层材料的组织与性能分析

采用WC粉＋1Cr18Mn8Ni5N和改进的电弧喷涂技术在45钢基体上制备RE-WC．钢基复合涂层．然后利用氩弧熔覆工艺对其涂层进行熔覆，并对其显微组织、显微硬度和相结构进行了分析。结果表明。获得了由弥散分布的强化相增强的熔覆层，强化相主要是WC／W2C；熔覆层与基体之间为冶金结合；熔覆层硬度可达750HV0．1以上。     

截齿表面感应熔覆WC增强Fe基熔覆层的研究

采用高频感应熔覆技术在采煤机截齿前端表面制备高耐磨的WC增强Fe基熔覆层,结果表明:熔覆层与基体为冶金结合,组织主要为奥氏体、鱼骨状共晶体及少量WC,增强相由(Cr,Fe)7C3,WC,Fe3 W3C及Fe3C等组成,熔覆层厚度约2 mm,硬度达63.6HRC,显微硬度平均值为1 007.9HV0.3,耐磨性为基体的4...     

35CrMo钢表面电火花沉积WC合金涂层的界面行为

以WC合金为电极,采用电火花沉积技术在35CrMo钢表面沉积WC合金强化涂层,考察了涂层的断面显微硬度,并通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDX)、X-射线衍射(XRD)等表征了强化涂层的微观结构.结果表明:涂层的表面显微硬度约为基体的2.5倍.涂层的耐磨性显著提高;涂层与基体的主要元素发生了相互扩散,所获涂层是由基体与WC合金电极发生反应的冶金结合层,涂层的主要成分是Fe7C3、Fe3W3C、Fe7C3、Fe7W6、Fe3W3C和Fe7W6.     

氩弧熔覆制备WC颗粒增强复合涂层及其组织性能研究

采用氩弧熔覆技术,在45号钢表面制备出WC颗粒增强的耐磨复合涂层.通过光学显微镜、SEM、XRD和EDS分析了氩弧熔覆层的显微组织和相组成,并测试了熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性能.结果显示,熔覆层枝晶中弥散分布WC和W2C硬质相颗粒,出现Fe(W)固溶体和M6C型化合物,显微硬度(HV0.1)最高可达970,使基体45号钢的耐磨性能有较大提高.     

高频感应熔覆WC增强Ni60合金涂层性能研究

采用高频感应熔覆方法在Q235低碳钢基体上制备了不同含量的WC增强Ni60A合金复合涂层.利用SEM和XRD分析了涂层的显微组织和相结构,并进行了耐磨性试验.结果表明,复台涂层中主要由WC、W2C、Cr7C3、Cr23C6、Cr2B、Ni2B、Ni3Si及Ni3Fe等相组成,并与基体实现了冶金结合.在相同试验条件下,涂层的硬度和耐磨性随WC含量的增加而提高,加入WC涂层的相对耐磨性为Ni60A涂层的2-6倍,当WC加入量为50%时涂层的耐磨性最好,为Ni60A涂层的6.5倍.涂层的磨损机制主要为轻微的塑性切削和硬质相的脆性剥落.     

氩弧熔覆Ni-Mo-Zr-WC-B4C复合材料涂层组织与耐磨性

利用氩弧熔覆技术,以Ni粉、Mo粉、Zr粉、WC粉和B4C粉为原料,在Q235钢表面原位合成了(Fe,Mo,W,Ni)2B,(Fe,Mo,W,Zr)C0.7,(Fe,Mo,W,Ni,Zr)(B,C)增强α-Fe基复合材料涂层.借助扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机对复合涂层组织和性能进行了测试和分析.结果表明,复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合,复合涂层无裂纹、无气孔.原位合成的增强相弥散分布于熔覆涂层中;复合涂层具有较高的硬度,平均约1300HV左右;在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下,熔覆层具有优异的耐磨性能,其耐磨性约为基体的14倍.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.