前后入路腹膜前疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的疗效分析

目的：比较前后入路腹膜前疝修补技术治疗腹股沟疝的疗效和并发症。方法回顾性分析2008年8月至2012年2月,江西省景德镇市第二人民医院开展Kugel手术（Kugel组,38例）及M-K补片手术（M-K组,43例）的腹股沟疝患者临床资料。比较二组患者手术时间、住院时间、术后重度疼痛、复发、阴囊血肿、尿潴留及切口感染等指标。结果 Kugel组切口疼痛、阴囊血肿发生率低于M-K组,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝5．894、3．873,P＝0．015、0．049）。二组患者在手术时间、住院时间、术后尿潴留和复发的差异均无统计学意义（t＝0．692、1．425,χ2＝0．000、0．004,P＝0．476、0．078、1．000、0．950）。二组均无补片感染现象。结论 Kugel手术及M-K补片手术各有优缺,Kugel手术组患者舒适感明显,值得临床开展。     

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术与Lichtenstein修补术的随机对照研究

目的:研究腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术(TAPP)的安全性和临床疗效.方法:2005年3月至2008年3月期间,我们采用前瞻性随机对照法,将252例成人腹股沟疝患者随机分成两组,TAPP组126例,Lichtenstein组126例.比较两组平均手术时间、术后平均住院时间、术中术后并发症、术后疼痛评分(NRS)、使用镇痛药物、平均下床活动时间、平均恢复正常活动时间、术后复发以及手术费用等项,随访10.1(2～36)个月.结果:使用镇痛药物、下床活动时间、住院天数、恢复正常活动时间、术后疼痛程度,TAPP组优于Lichtenstein组,两组比较差异有显著性(P(0.05).手术时间、总并发症发生率、复发率在TAPP组少于Lichtenstein组,但差异无显著性(P>0.05).手术费用方面,TAPP组高于Lichtenstein组(P<0.05).结论:TAPP治疗腹股沟疝是安全、可行的,具有创伤小、恢复快、切口美观等优势,尤其适用于Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型病人.但TAPP费用比Lichtenstein高,这可能是目前TAPP尚未广泛开展的主要原因.     

单纯腹膜前修补与改良Kugel修补在腹股沟疝中的对比研究

目的比较经腹股沟切口前入路单纯腹膜前修补与改良Kugel修补术治疗原发性腹股沟疝,评价二种术式的疗效及优缺点。方法回顾性非随机对照方法,将2011年7月至2013年12月,上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院嘉定分院收治的302例原发性腹股沟疝患者(其中17例为双侧)分为单纯腹膜前修补组(OP组)145例和改良Kugel修补组(MK组)157例。OP组采用Oval Patch补片修补,MK组采用Modified Kugel(MK)修补。比较二组患者在手术时间、住院时间、术后疼痛、手术并发症及复发率等方面的差异。结果二组患者的平均随访时间3～30个月,平均(12±5)个月。二组患者的平均手术时间、住院时间差异无统计学意义(t=0.164、0.939,P=0.870、0.349)。术后1周和1个月,OP组术后腹股沟区疼痛不适的发生率低于MK组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.704、2.297,P=0.030、0.021)。结论经腹股沟切口单纯腹膜前修补与改良Kugel修补术相比,单纯腹膜前疝修补术操作简单,可明显降低术后患者疼痛不适的发生率,具有较好临床应用价值。     

开放式前入路腹膜前腹股沟疝修补627例

目的总结开放式前入路腹膜前腹股沟疝修补的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2005年3月至2008年6月,复旦大学附属华山医院进行手术的627例（708侧）患者,应用局部麻醉下的开放式前入路腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术。结果单侧平均手术时间（37±11）min。患者术中疼痛评分平均3．63分,术后2h疼痛评分3．13分,术后1周疼痛评分2．12分。术后需用镇痛药物13例（2．1％）,术后主要并发症包括：术后1年复发6例（1．0％）,3年7例（1．1％）,5年7例（1．1％）;腹股沟区感觉异常53例（8．4％）,腹股沟区不适感56例（8．9％）,慢性疼痛3例（0．5％）;浆液肿35例（5．6％）;血肿13例（2．1％）,尿潴留8例（1．3％）,切口感染5例（0．8％）,肠梗阻1例（0．2％）。结论开放式前入路腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术安全、有效,值得临床推广。     

前入路腹膜前间隙修补治疗腹股沟疝临床体会

目的：探讨前入路腹膜前间隙修补腹股沟疝的临床应用效果。方法回顾性分析2008年10月至2011年10月,涡阳县人民医院行前入路腹膜前间隙修补腹股沟疝,对其手术时间、住院时间、术后早期反应、术后并发症及复发率进行分析。结果腹膜前间隙置单纯平片手术时间。伤口疼痛,伤口异物感明显低,恢复自主活动时间短,住院时间短。术后随访1∽5年,无复发。结论前入路腹膜前间隙置修补腹股沟疝,手术后并发症少,手术安全有效。     

传统、疝环充填式及经前入路腹膜前间隙腹股沟疝修补术的对比研究

目的比较传统张力性疝修补术、疝环充填式及腹膜前间隙无张力性疝修补术的临床效果。方法采用病例对照研究,其中传统方法修补腹股沟疝325例,疝环充填式疝修补术128例,经前路腹膜前间隙疝修补术50例。结果传统疝修补术组平均手术时间为(65.1±24.2)min,疝环充填式组为(48.3±20.2)min,腹膜前间隙组为(40.5±19.3)min,传统组明显长于其他两组(P0.05)。传统组并发症发生率明显高于其他两组(P0.05),传统组、充填组和前路组分别随访287、114和49例,复发率分别为4.9%,1.8%和0,三组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论同传统腹股沟疝修补术比较,疝环充填式无张力修补术和腹膜前间隙疝修补术具有手术时间短、痛苦小、恢复快、复发率低的特点,而腹膜前间隙疝修补术更符合人体工程力学原理,有良好的发展潜力。     

腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术与无张力疝修补术的随机对照研究

目的：研究腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal prosthetic,TEP）在临床应用中的价值。方法：71例成人腹股沟疝患者前瞻性随机分成两组,分别进行TEP和无张力疝修补术（Lichtenstein）。TEP组35例,Lichtenstein组36例。手术后1周和1年内对患者作出临床观察和评估,并在3个月和1年时进行电话及门诊随访。观察指标为：手术时间、使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、并发症、暂时性神经感觉异常、正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、疝复发。将两组数据进行统计学处理和分析。结果：使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、恢复正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、并发症方面TEP组优于Lichtenstein组,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。手术时间、复发例数TEP组少于Lichtenstein组,但无统计学差异。结论：TEP对于复发疝、老年人疝以及双侧疝更加具有优势。但TEP手术费用较高、需要腹腔镜等设备、学习曲线较长,这些可能是目前TEP尚未广泛开展的主要原因。我们认为,缩短TEP学习曲线的关键在于掌握手术空间的建立,腹白线中隔是影响手术空间建立的主要因素,打开下方部分腹白线中隔是手术的要点。     

腹膜前间隙腹股沟疝修补术58例

目的总结开放式腹膜前间隙疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的临床应用及疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年6月,河北省赤城县妇幼保健院收治的腹股沟疝患者58例,均行腹膜前间隙腹股沟疝修补术。观察患者围手术期手术时间、住院时间及相关并发症发生情况。结果本组58例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间45~120 min,平均(55±3)min;住院时间3~7 d,平均(5.0±1.0)d。术后切口疼痛7例,使用止痛药物治疗予以缓解3例,余患者无需治疗;阴囊肿胀3例,行穿刺引流后治愈;切口皮下积液2例,经换药后痊愈。随访3~12个月,术后慢性疼痛2例,异物感2例,睾丸轻度萎缩1例,无复发。结论开放式腹膜前间隙无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝是一种较为理想的手术方式,具有操作简单、恢复快、并发症少,复发率低的优势,学习曲线短,已广泛应用于外科临床实践。     

腹膜前间隙疝修补术与平片式无张力疝修补术对比研究

目的：对腹膜前间隙（Bogros间隙）疝修补术与平片式无张力疝修补术在临床应用效果进行分析探究。方法回顾性分析2013年3∽7月,丰顺县人民医院收治的腹股沟疝患者100例,随机分为二组,每组各50例。观察组采用腹膜前间隙疝修补术,对照组采用平片式无张力疝修补术。对比分析二组患者的临床疗效和手术指标。结果二组患者经不同方法进行治疗后,观察组患者显效率（56％）明显高于对照组显效率（26％）,二组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2＝8．815,P＝0．003）。观察组患者总有效率（92％）,对照组患者总有效率（64％）,二组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2＝5．015, P＝0．001）。观察组手术时间（48±9）min,对照组手术时间（62±10）min,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝2．807,P＝0．001）;观察组恢复时间（3±1）d,对照组恢复时间（2±1）d,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝0．949,P＝0．000）;观察组住院时间（6±1）d,对照组住院时间（3±1）d,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝0．695,P＝0．002）。结论腹膜前间隙疝修补术明显优于平片式无张力疝修补术,更符合人体工程学原理,安全可靠,值得广大医院推广使用。     

完全腹膜外疝修补术与李金斯坦修补术治疗成人腹股沟疝的对比研究

目的比较完全腹膜外疝修补术（TEP）与李金斯坦修补术（Lichtenstein）治疗成人腹股沟疝的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年10月,华润武钢总医院收治成人腹股沟疝220例手术治疗的临床资料,其中102例行TEP（观察组）,118例行开放式Lichtenstein修补术（对照组）,对比二组手术时间,术后住院时间,并发症发生率,术后疼痛评分,住院费用及复发情况。结果观察组较对照组住院时间明显缩短（t=7．622,P=0．005）,术后疼痛症状极轻,但住院费用相对较高,二组术后并发症无统计学差异（x^2=1．529,P=0．144）;术后随访6—18个月,对照组未出现复发,观察组复发1例。结论TEP修补术治疗腹股沟疝具有手术时间短、住院时间短,且安全性高,复发率低,值得临床推广。     

腹股沟疝无张力修补术前后入路前瞻性对照研究(附263例报告)

目的 通过比较前入路（常规疝手术）和后入路（腹膜前）无张力疝修补方法治疗腹股沟疝病人的手术时间、住院时间等情况，评价两种手术方法的疗效。方法 2001年8月至2005年7月，采用前瞻性随机对照方法，将263例病人275侧腹股沟疝（其中12例同时患有双侧疝）随机分为前入路组（132例）和后入路组（131例）。前入路组用假体的无张力修补（Liehtenstein术式45例，Rutkow术式87例），后入路组用单层网片修补。结果 前入路组平均随访32．2个月，后入路组为31．8个月。两组病人的平均手术时间、平均住院时间、手术并发症和术后复发率差异无显著性意义。在平均费用方面，后入路组明显少于前入路组（P〈0．05），术后腹股沟区疼痛不适的发生率也明显降低。结论 采用后入路方法进行腹股沟疝修补，可明显减少手术费用，降低术后疼痛不适的发生率，改善疗效，是一安全有效的方法，具有推广价值。     

腹股沟疝后进路无张力修补152例分析

目的评价后进路（腹膜前）无张力疝修补方法治疗腹股沟疝的疗效。方法对本组于2001年8月-2005年10月,采用后进路单层网片修补治疗152例腹股沟疝进行回顾性分析。并对手术时间、住院时间、平均住院费用、恢复工作时间、手术并发症和复发率等进行统计。结果本组病人术后腹股沟区疼痛不适的发生率和复发率较低,平均手术时间为32．2min、平均住院时间为5d、恢复日常生活时间为9．2d、平均住院费用为4243元。结论采用后进路单层网片修补方法对治疗腹股疝是一安全有效的方法,适合我国的国情,具有推广的价值。     

Laparoscopic total extraperitoneal repair versus anterior preperitoneal repair for inguinal hernia

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is still not the gold standard for repair although mesh implantation is unequivocally accepted as an integral part of any groin hernia repair. The aim of the study was to compare the results of anterior preperitoneal (APP) mesh repair with totally extra peritoneal (TEP) repair for inguinal hernias. The prospective study was conducted on 241 patients with 247 hernias (from January 2000 to June 2004). Anterior preperitoneal repair was done in 121 patients and 120 patients were subjected to TEP repair. Repair in both groups was done by using Prolene mesh of size 6×4 in. or 6×6 in. intraoperative and postoperative parameters and complications were recorded and the patients were followed up to 1 year post-surgery. For both unilateral and bilateral inguinal hernias, mean operative time was significantly more in patients of TEP repair as compared to APP repair (P<0.001) and significantly more patients had peritoneal tears in the TEP group (P<0.001). Patients undergoing TEP repair, however, had significantly less postoperative pain (P<0.05) and postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05) and return to work was significantly earlier is this group (P<0.01 and P<0.001). There was no difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups. Patients with inguinal hernias undergoing laparoscopic repair recover more rapidly, and have less incidence of postoperative pain. But it takes significantly more time to perform than APP repair and also the incidence of peritoneal tear is higher.     

A randomized, controlled, clinical study of laparoscopic vs open tension-free inguinal hernia repair

Background: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study was to compare laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) hernia repair with a standard tension-free open mesh repair (open). Methods: A total of 108 low-risk patients with unilateral (primary or recurrent) or bilateral hernias were randomized to TAPP (group 1 = 52 cases) or open (group 2 = 56 cases). The outcome measures included operating time, complications, postoperative pain, return to normal activity, operating theater costs, and recurrences. Results: The mean operative time was longer for the TAPP than for the open group only in unilateral primary hernias. At rest, the median Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score was higher for group 1 than group 2 at 48 h postoperatively. Mild to discomforting pain in the inguinal region after 7 days, night pain after 30 days, and inguinal hardening after 3 months were more frequent in group 2 than group 1. No significant differences were observed in return to normal activities between the groups. One hernia recurrence was observed after 1 month in group 1. TAPP was significantly more expensive than open. Conclusions: TAPP was associated with less postoperative pain than open. The increase in operating theater costs, however, was dramatic and was not compensated by shorter time away from work. TAPP should not be adopted routinely unless its costs can be drastically reduced. Received: 10 June 1997/Accepted: 6 October 1997     

Comparison of laparoscopic and open tension-free repair of recurrent inguinal hernias: a prospective randomized study

Background The current prospective randomized controlled clinical study aimed to assess the short- and long-term results of recurrent inguinal hernia repair, and to compare the results for transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) procedures with those for open tension-free repair. Methods For this study, 82 patients were randomly assigned to undergo TAPP (group A, n = 24), TEP (group B, n = 26), or open Lichtenstein hernioplasty (group C, n = 32). All the patients with recurrent inguinal hernias had undergone previous repair using conventional open procedures. Physical examination showed Nyhus type II hernia in the vast majority of the patients (59%). High-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiology [ASA] III or IV); coagulation disorders; previous abdominal or pelvic surgery; and irreducible, congenital, and massive scrotal or sliding hernias were excluded from the study. Results There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) in operating time favoring the open procedure. The intensity of postoperative pain was greater in the open hernia repair group 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days after surgery (p = 0.001), with a greater consumption of pain medication among these patients (p < 0.004). The median time until return to work was 14 days for group A, 13 days for Group g, and 20 days for group C. The comparison was in favor of laparoscopically treated patients. Nine recurrences (4 in the laparoscopic groups and 5 in the open group) were documented within 3 years of follow-up evaluation. Conclusion Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (TAPP or TEP) is the method of choice for dealing with recurrent inguinal hernia.     

腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前网片植入术治疗腹股沟疝

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前网片植入术(transabdominalpreperitonealpatchrepair,TAPP)治疗腹股沟疝的手术特点及疗效。方法回顾性分析1998年3月~2005年11月82例TAPP的临床资料。结果82例TAPP均获成功,无一例中转开腹手术。手术时间(57.5±16.7)min(34~126min)。手术后阴囊血肿1例,无其他并发症。术后不用镇痛剂。下床活动时间(1.8±0.5)d(1~3d),术后住院(6.6±0.8)d(3~9d)。随访时间>1年者58例,无一例复发。结论腹腔镜TAPP采用后入路途径,遵循疝修补无张力原则,复发率低,是诊治腹股沟疝的有效手段。     

Lichtenstein vs anterior preperitoneal prosthetic mesh placement in open inguinal hernia repair: A prospective,randomized trial

Male veterans with unilateral primary inguinal hernia, classified intraoperatively as Gilbert Type III or IV, were randomized to subaponeurotic (Lichtenstein, n=126) or preperitoneal (Read-Rives, n=121) repair under general or spinal anesthesia. The two groups of patients were comparable in age, body weight index, comorbidities, and size and type of hernia. Of the 247 patients enrolled, 224 were followed for at least 2 years (median 82 months, range 24–110 months), 16 were lost to follow-up, and seven died from causes unrelated to the surgery. The average operative time of the Read-Rives repair was 9 min longer than that of the Lichtenstein repair. There were no wound infections, and the frequencies of other short- and long-term complications were low and similar in the two groups. Six patients developed hernia recurrence, five in the Lichtenstein group (4.3%), and one in the Read-Rives group (<1%), (P=0.21). Both anterior repairs are associated with low postoperative morbidity and recurrence rates. The Lichtenstein repair is technically easier and less time consuming. There is no statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two repairs.     

Laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernias using a totally extraperitoneal prosthetic approach

Summary This report describes a laparoscopic procedure for prosthetic repair of inguinal hernias using an extraperitoneal approach. A total of 51 primary direct and indirect hernias were repaired in this series, including 11 recurrent and 12 bilateral hernias. Operative time for this laparoscopic procedure was similar to that of the comparable open surgery and no unusual complications were noted. All patients were discharged the day following surgery and returned to work within 7 days.     

Diagnosis and classification of inguinal hernias

Background: The aim of this prospective clinical study was to determine whether the presence of a hernia, its size, and its type can be established preoperatively by clinical and ultrasound, examination. Methods: The study population comprised 220 consecutive patients referred to our department for the surgical management of an inguinal hernia. On admission, both inguinal regions were examined clinically and by ultrasound. All patients were operated on laparoscopically. Results: In regard to the intraoperative findings for both inguinal regions, clinical and ultrasound examination for the diagnosis of inguinal hernia yielded a high total rate of accuracy of 93% respective 94%. However, when the same methods were used to differentiate between lateral and medial hernia, the total rate of accuracy fell to only 54% respective 62%. In the determination of inguinal hernia size, it was even lower: 50% respective 53%. Conclusions: Although a diagnosis of inguinal hernia can be established reliably by clinical and ultrasound examination, only an approximate classification is possible by these methods.