矿山机电设备远程控制技术的应用

文章主要介绍了远程技术在矿山机电设备中的应用,主要阐述了GIS、物联网以及PLC远程控制技术的应用特点以及应用情况。     

压电免疫传感器及在食品卫生检测中的应用

介绍了压电免疫传感器的原理、基本构造、固定方法以及 它在食品卫生检测方面的主要应用,以及它在食品领域 的应用展望。     

医学超声诊断虚拟仪器的探索与开发

超声诊断虚拟仪器在设计原理中不断应用了多普勒相干波的测试原理,而且在标配程序中还采用了C++语言的编程代码以及较高配置的硬件设备,使其能够实现远端控制技术以及动态测试分析数据读取的过程。这种技术的发开以及应用在今后医学界有着广泛的应用,对病人的数据信息的读取更加准确。     

计算机互联网技术在化纤行业中的应用

阐述了计算机互联网技术的特点、发展方向以及在化纤行业的应用情况，指出了化纤行业应用互联网技术的方法、思路以及广阔的应用前景。     

纳米技术与纳米材料在纤维中的应用

本文介绍了纳米技术在化学纤维中的应用方式,并阐述了纳米技术在功能性纤维和其他特种纤维中的应用情况,以及纳米材料在应用中存在的问题及解决方法,最后展望了纳米技术的应用前景.     

碳化硅陶瓷的应用现状

碳化硅陶瓷是一种极其重要的材料,它在工程领域和各行各业都有广泛的应用。文章简述了碳化硅陶瓷的发展过程,综述了其在陶瓷球、磨料磨具、碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料以及其他方面的应用。展望了碳化硅陶瓷在工业领域的应用前景以及高技术碳化硅陶瓷的重要应用,提出发展碳化硅陶瓷生产技术应有紧迫感。     

原位协同聚合反应在制革中的应用

综述了原位聚合方法在材料制备上的应用、原位聚合的形成机制、聚合材料的分类以及其在制革方面的应用等,同时提出了在反应过程中存在的动态原位结合概念,以及在该聚合过程中所选用的原料之间存在的协同效应,总结了原位合成材料的优缺点,展望了原位聚合在制革领域的应用前景.     

红外光谱技术在中国酿酒行业中的应用研究进展

红外光谱法最主要的特点是快速分析、无损检测以及重现性好,因而在许多生产制造行业中得到了极为广泛的应用,近些年来,红外光谱法被引入到我国酿酒行业中,为酒体的品评以及对组分的定性与定量分析提供了一种快速、准确的分析手段.本文综述了红外光谱技术在国内酿酒行业当中的应用现状,其中涵盖了中红外、近红外两大技术分支分别在不同酒类的理化指标分析以及品质鉴定工作中的应用与研究情况,并对其应用前景做出了展望.     

改性二氧化硅在皮革中的应用

介绍了二氧化硅在皮革表面处理中的应用情况,分析了二氧化硅的特性以及改性二氧化硅在皮革领域的应用前景。     

床垫材料及经编间隔织物的应用探讨

介绍了床垫的构成以及高品质床垫材料的要求,在此基础上探讨了经编间隔织物作为床垫材料的优势以及应用实例。作为一种新型环保型材料,经编间隔织物在床垫材料方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

Quantification of skin penetration of antioxidants of varying lipophilicity

Antioxidants play a vital role in protecting the skin from environmental distress. As the skin is constantly exposed to harmful UV radiation, endogenous antioxidants present in the superficial layers of the skin neutralize reactive oxygen species. Over time, antioxidants become depleted and loss their protective effect on the skin. Therefore, supplementing skin with topical antioxidant can help replenish this loss and fight the oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to deliver antioxidants topically and quantify the amount permeated in the stratum corneum and underlying skin. Polyphenols (catechin, resveratrol and curcumin) and vitamin (retinol) with various lipophilic properties were delivered via porcine ear skin, using propylene glycol as a vehicle. The amount in the stratum corneum and underlying skin was quantified using tape stripping and skin extraction methods, respectively, and samples were analysed via HPLC. All four antioxidants permeated into the skin from the propylene glycol vehicle. The order of the amount of antioxidant in the stratum corneum was catechin > resveratrol~ retinol> curcumin, whereas that in the underlying skin was retinol > catechin~ resveratrol~ curcumin. Of the total amount of polyphenols in the skin, approximately 90% was retained in the stratum corneum whereas 10% was quantified in the underlying skin. In contrast, 10% of retinol was retained in the stratum corneum whereas 90% permeated in the underlying skin. Polyphenols (catechin, resveratrol and curcumin) showed high concentration in the stratum corneum whereas retinol showed high accumulation in the underlying layers of the skin.     

水氯镁石脱水研究的进展及展望

本文介绍了几十年以来水氯镁石脱水研究的进展，给出了该项研究在热力学、动力学以及相平衡领域中的最新成果，并介绍了脱水过程中关键技术难题以及该项目研究目前存在的问题。同时，预测了该研究项目工业应用前景。     

葵花籽油中酸价测量结果的不确定度评价

目的 分析食用油中酸价测定的不确定度来源并建立不确定度评定方法, 为检验数据的可靠性和准确性提供参考。方法 依据GB 5009.229-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中酸价的测定》和JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立数学模型, 计算各变量的不确定度, 最终计算扩展不确定度。结果 结果显示, 样品中酸价的扩展不确定度为U=1.764×10?3 mg/g, 样品中酸价含量为(0.16±0.002) mg/g(置信水平95%, 包含因子k=2)。结论 在测定过程中, 测量重复性对总的不确定度影响最大, 其次是滴定管的体积。     

预处理对六种黄酒酿造原料酿造特性的研究

为探究不同黄酒酿造原料的酿造特性,以红谷、张杂谷、圆糯米、黍米、金米、粳大米等六种谷物为原料进行浸泡和蒸饭实验,监测浸泡过程中不同原料质构和色泽的动态变化;比较了浸泡后六种米浆水的有机酸和氨基酸组成;并对蒸饭中挥发性风味物质的含量进行分析。结果表明,浸泡过程中六种谷物的颜色和质构参数存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。红谷米浆水的总氨基酸含量最高（976.49 mg/L）,乙酸、酒石酸和柠檬酸含量显著高于其他谷物米浆水的相应含量（P＜0.05）。六种谷物蒸饭样品中共检出165种挥发性成分,其中红谷蒸饭中酸类（11.75 μg/100 g）和酚类含量（10.54 μg/100 g）远高于其他谷物。综上所述,红谷米浆水中氨基酸含量以及蒸米中酸类香气成分较高,这有利于发酵醪的进一步微生物发酵。     

Effects of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Protein on the Pasting Properties of Different Types of Wheat Flour

Abstract: As one of the most effective methods to modify proteins, enzymatic hydrolysis is used widely in the preparation of wheat products in the food industry. During the same process, starch pasting occurs frequently. The effects of wheat protein hydrolysis with papain, pepsin, and trypsin on the pasting properties of 3 different kinds of flour were investigated in 5 concentrations. Results showed that the peak viscosity, trough, final, and integral area of pasting curve of these flours decreased with increasing enzymatic hydrolysis of protein, and decreased significantly with the increasing enzyme concentrations. Medium‐gluten flour was the least sensitive to enzymatic activity and weak‐gluten the most sensitive. Downtrends appeared with increasing papain and trypsin concentrations in the form of breakdown. Enzymes had no significant different effect on the peak times of strong‐ and medium‐gluten flour, but prolonged peak time slightly in weak‐gluten flour. The pasting time and temperature of strong‐ and medium‐gluten flour were significantly increased in a concentration‐dependent manner. However, there were no significant effects on the pasting times of weak‐gluten flour. These results could supply a basis for utilization of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat protein in food industry and for further studies into the interactions between hydrolyzed protein and starch in food or processing industries. Practical Application: Illuminating the effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of protein on the pasting properties of different types of wheat flour is very important in food industry. Flour viscosity decreases after enzymatic hydrolysis of protein/gluten. Enzymes have different effects on peak time, pasting time, and pasting temperatures for different types of flour. These results could supply a basis for utilization of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat protein in food industry and for further studies into the interactions between hydrolyzed protein and starch in food or processing industries.     

加工方式对两种贝类中8种重金属元素生物可及性的影响

目的 本研究分析了水煮和烘烤两种加工方式对贝类元素生物可及性的影响。方法 采用体外模拟消化试验,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）分析了牡蛎和扇贝体内8种元素(Pb、As、Cd、Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Hg）的生物可及性和浓度的变化。结果 两种贝类元素含量的趋势大体一致,从高到低依次为锌＞铁＞铜＞镉＞砷＞铅＞汞。两种贝类中生物可及性最高的是牡蛎中的砷元素,为98.4%。生物可及性最低的是扇贝中的铁元素,为3.4%。经过不同的加工方式处理后,能显著提高两种贝类锰元素的生物可及性,但是能显著降低牡蛎中铜、砷、铅元素的生物可及性。加热处理后扇贝中砷和镉元素的生物可及性增加。相较于蒸煮的加热方式,烘烤的加工方式对贝类元素生物可及性的影响更大。结论 贝类元素生物可及性不仅与元素种类、载体、加工方式相关,也与其他元素浓度相关。     

A comparison of the lipid compositions of the lipoproteins of the intestinal and popliteal lymph and plasma of sheep

The lipids and lipoproteins of intestinal lymph in the sheep make a contribution to the corresponding fractions in plasma and thence affect lipid compositions in other tissues. As a first step towards assessing this contribution, the lipoproteins of intestinal lymph, peripheral (popliteal lymph) and plasma have been isolated for compositional studies. Popliteal lymph and the plasma were similar in the distributions of lipids among the major lipoprotein fractions with high-density lipoproteins accounting for just over half of the total lipid present. In intestinal lymph, 80 per cent of the total lipid was associated with the very low-density lipoprotein fraction. Whereas triacylglycerols comprised the principal lipid component of the very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein fractions of the intestinal lymph and were present in the high-density lipoprotein fraction, they were present in essence only in the very low-density lipoprotein fraction of popliteal lymph and plasma, where high concentrations of cholesteryl esters and phospholipids were found in all the lipoprotein fractions. The fatty acid compositions of each lipid class were also determined. The most distinctive feature of the results was the distribution of the essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, among the lipid components. In all lipid classes in each of the body fluids, the concentration of this component was highest in the high-density lipoproteins and lowest in the very low-density lipoproteins. Higher concentrations tended to be present in the triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholine fractions of intestinal lymph than of plasma and popliteal lymph, but the opposite was true of the cholesteryl esters. The results are discussed in terms of the sources of the linoleic acid in the lipids of intestinal lymph of ruminant animals.     

Mechanisms of oxidative browning of wine

Oxidative browning is a long-standing problem in winemaking and sulphur dioxide is the generally used antioxidant to control wine browning. However, concerns over its ability to induce severe allergic reactions have created a great need for its reduction or replacement in recent years. Furthermore, ascorbic acid seems unsuccessful as an alternative antioxidant in winemaking. So a comprehensive understanding of the chemistry of wine browning is essential to study new antioxidant(s) for the protection of wine from browning. The review systematically outlines the mechanisms of wine browning including enzymic and non-enzymic browning happening in winemaking and discusses the central roles performed by iron and copper in the chemistry of wine oxidation. Iron and copper might play a central role in initiating wine non-enzymic browning, and this has important implications in studying antioxidant substitute for sulphur dioxide in wine.     

大戟科木薯皮矿物质及化学成分的波谱分析

首次利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱研究木薯皮的矿物质的种类及含量,又利用超临界及传统提取方法得到木薯皮不同极性部位的化学成分,并通过气—质联用、红外光谱、核磁共振技术等波谱分析方法对木薯皮化学成分做了初步定性分析。结果表明:木薯皮中矿物质含量最高的是K,含量最高为1 453.29 mg/100 g干重,Ca含量次之,Na含量位居第三;微量元素中Ni含量最高,为87.22 mg/kg干重;木薯皮中检索匹配度大于90%的化学成分中检测出7-氨基-3-苯基香豆素和东莨菪内酯2种香豆素类物质,其它重要的化学成分有β-谷甾醇、乙酰愈创木酮、N,N’-羰基二咪唑、亚硝酸异戊酯等,以上化学成分均为首次在木薯皮中发现。     

黄酮类化合物的应用研究进展

自然界的多种植物中均有黄酮类化合物的存在,其具备多种生理活性和药用价值,受到研究者的广泛关注。近年来,黄酮类物质被大量应用在新型药品的研制、食品及化妆品工业中,在疾病的预防和治疗、食品保藏、天然化妆品开发等领域发挥了愈加重要的作用,特别是在作为天然食品添加剂的应用中,黄酮类化合物不仅起到了延长食品贮藏期、为食品提供自然温和的色泽、香气等作用,还能使食品摆脱人工合成添加剂的毒性等弊端,提高食品的安全性和保健价值。本文综述了黄酮类化合物的分类及主要食物来源,及其在医药、食品、化妆品工业中的应用,为添加黄酮类物质的新型药品、食品添加剂、保健品、护肤品的开发提供理论支持,为黄酮类化合物的综合利用提供依据。