700MPa级超低碳高强度贝氏体厚钢板的晶粒细化机制研究

根据超低碳微合金化的成分设计意图,采用控制轧制和控制冷却工艺得到细化的贝氏体组织,利用光学显微镜、FE-SEM和TEM对各类微观组织和析出物进行了研究和分析。结果表明,700MPa级超低碳贝氏体厚钢板为细小均匀的粒状贝氏体和少量针状铁素体与多边形铁素体的复合组织,其屈服强度不小于580MPa,抗拉强度不小于700MPa,低温冲击韧性为-20℃,Akv不小于150J。钢板具有强度高、韧性好和焊接性能良好的特点,其强度和韧性的良好匹配主要是由于在粒状贝氏体相变前形成了少量的针状铁素体分割奥氏体晶粒,从而细化了最终的复合组织。     

Influence of isothermal bainitic processing on the mechanical properties and microstructure characterization of TRIP steel

The mechanical properties of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel are strongly affected by the conditions of iso-thermal bainitic processing. The multiphase microstructure of TRIP steel under different conditions of isothermal bainitic processing was investigated using OM, SEM, XRD and TEM. The volume fraction of retained anstenite and the carbon content in anstenite were determined quantitatively using X-ray diffraction patterns. The relationship between mechanical properties and isothermal bainitic processing parameters was investigated. The stability of retained anstenite was analyzed by the volume fraction of retained austenite and the carbon content in retained anstenite. The experimental results show that the multiphase microstructure consists of ferrite,bainite and metastable retained austenite. To obtain good mechanical properties, the optimal conditions of isothermal bainitic tem-perature and holding time are 410-430℃ and 180-240 s, respectively. After isothermal bainitic processing under the optimal condi-tions, the corresponding volume fraction of retained anstenite is 5vol%-15vol%, which can provide enough retained austenite and plastic stability for austenite with high carbon content.     

Effect of tempering temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of an copper-bearing low carbon bainitic steel

The effect of tempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength, copperbearing, low-carbon bainitic steel has been investigated in the experiment. The results showed that the microstructure was mainly the laths of bainite in the as-quenched steel. The bainitic laths were restored and combined after the steel tempered at various tempera- tures. There were rnartensite/austenite （M/A） islands and numerous dislocations within and between the bainitic laths, while very t-me precipitates of ε-Cu were also observed within the laths. With increasing the tempered temperature from 400 to 600℃, the yield strength （YS） increased from 877 to 957 MPa, whereas the ultimate tensile strength （UTS） decreased from 1020 to 985 MPa. The Charpy V-notch （CVN） varied from 68.5 to 42 J, and the value was minimal for the steel tempered at 500℃. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.     

激光焊接650MPa相变诱发塑性钢的组织与性能

采用固体Nd:YAG激光器焊接拉伸强度级别为650MPa、厚度为1.2mm的相变诱发塑性钢(TRIP)薄板,利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了其不同焊接速度下对接焊缝的形貌和组织特点。测试了接头的硬度和抗拉强度,借助杯凸试验对比研究了激光焊接接头和母材的成形能力,并分析了焊接速度对接头组织、性能的影响。研究表明:TRIP钢的相组成主要是大量铁素体、贝氏体和少量的残余奥氏体;激光焊缝金属则主要由马氏体构成。焊缝金属或焊接热影响区的近缝区具有最高的硬度。焊缝金属的屈服强度和抗拉强度在垂直于焊缝方向与母材基本相同,但在平行于焊缝方向明显高于母材。与母材相比,激光焊接TRIP钢薄板的冲压成型能力明显下降。     

Ratcheting led surface failure of medium carbon bainitic steel under mild operation conditions

The behavior of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of medium carbon bainitic back-up roll steel was investigated under its actual work conditions. A kind of asperity-scale surface originated cracks, which is lying parallel or at an acute angle to the surfaces, initiated after unidirectional plastic flow of the material in thin surface layer had occurred. Theoretical analysis indicates that they nucleate due to plastic ratcheting induced by asperity contact stresses, and consequently are named as ratcheting cracks. After nucleating and initially propagating, they arrest at some depth and resume propagating till about 70%-80% of the RCF failure life by initially turning parallel to contact surfaces. Their behavior of initiation and propagation is confined to a thin layer prior to the formation of surface distress. According to the critical principle of the preventive grinding strategy, removing the asperity influenced surface layer at about 70%-80% of the RCF failure life can effectively prevent the ratcheting cracks from developing into surface distress, which can lead to the formation of macro-RCF failure soon.     

Evolution of carbides and carbon content in matrix of an ultra-high carbon sintered steel during heat treatment process

DTA, thermal expansion, XRD, and SEM were used to evaluate the effect of quenching temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of a novel sintered steel Fe-6Co-1Ni-5Cr-5Mo-1C. Lattice parameters and the mass fraction of carbon dissolved in the matrix of the steel quenched were investigated. It is discovered that the hardness of the steel increases with quench-ing temperature in the range of 840-900℃ and remains constant in the range of 900 to 1100℃. It decreases rapidly when the tem-perature is higher than 1100℃. The mass fraction of carbon dissolved in the matrix of the steel quenched at 840℃ is 0.38, but when the quenching temperature is increased to 1150℃, it increases to 0.98. The carbides formed during sintering are still present at grain boundaries and in the matrix of the steel quenched at low quenching temperatures, such as 840℃. When the quenching temperature is increased to 1150℃, most of the carbides at grain boundaries are dissolved with just a small amount of spherical M23C6 existing in the matrix of the quenched steel.     

Refinement of packet size in low carbon bainitic steel by special thermo-mechanical control process

The packet size of bainitic steel can be refined by a special relaxation-precipitation-control phase transformation (RPC) technology, When processed by RPC process, the low carbon bainitic steel composes of two kinds of main intermediate transformation phases. One is ultra-fine lath-like bainitic ferrite and the lath is less than 1 tam in width and about 6 tam in length; the alignment of laths forms a refined packet, and the size of packets is about 5-7 ~am in length and about 3-4 tam in width, The other is acicular structure. The morphology and distribution of these acicular structures are influenced by relaxation process, the thin and short acicular structures cut the prior austenite grain and refine the bainitic packet size, For the optimum relaxation time, the packet size can be refined to the finest. The mechanical properties are influenced by relaxation time and the 800 MPa grade low carbon bainitic steel with excellent toughness can be obtained by RPC process,     

激光焊接速度对超高强度钢焊缝微观组织和显微硬度的影响

研究了厚度为1.8mm的超高强度钢板的激光焊接性能,分析了焊接速度对焊缝微观组织和显微硬度的影响。试验结果表明,超高强度钢焊缝组织为板条马氏体。采用苦味酸溶液显示原奥氏体晶界,发现原奥氏体呈现柱状晶的晶体形态。随着焊接速度的增加,原奥氏体晶粒尺寸变小,焊缝中心由细小的胞状树枝晶变为等轴晶。焊缝硬度随着焊接速度的增加而增大。     

CSP工艺条件下低碳钢板带材力学性能研究

热轧板带材成品因其内在组织形态及成分不同而呈现较明显的力学性能差异.就包钢薄板坯连续连轧CSP工艺条件下,低碳典型钢种Q235B和SS400显微组织及轧制工艺对材料力学性能的影响进行了实验研究.用数理统计方法建立了工艺参数与产品性能回归数值模型,模型拟合效果较好.     

In situ observation of austenite grain growth behavior in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Ti-microalloyed steels

The austenite grain growth behavior in a simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone during thermal cycling was investigated via in situ observation. Austenite grains nucleated at ferrite grain boundaries and then grew in different directions through movement of grain boundaries into the ferrite phase. Subsequently, the adjacent austenite grains impinged against each other during the α→γtransformation. After the α→γ transformation, austenite grains coarsened via the coalescence of small grains and via boundary migration between grains. The growth process of austenite grains was a continuous process during heating, isothermal holding, and cooling in simulated thermal cycling. Abundant finely dispersed nanoscale TiN particles in a steel specimen containing 0.012wt% Ti effectively retarded the grain boundary migration, which resulted in refined austenite grains. When the Ti concentration in the steel was increased, the number of TiN particles de- creased and their size coarsened. The big particles were not effective in pinning the austenite grain boundary movement and resulted in coarse austenite grains.     

Experimental study on Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the ferrite region

A Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the conventional austenite region and in the ferrite region with lubrication was experimentally studied.Subsequent cold rolling and continuous annealing processes were also conducted.The results show that microstructures of ultra-low carbon bake hardening hot strips at room temperature are basically irregular polygonal ferrites.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,n value,and r value of the No.2 specimen hot-rolled in the ferr...     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of railway wheels manufactured with low-medium carbon Si-Mn-Mo-V steel

The suitability of carbide-free bainite steel as railway wheel materials was investigated. The low-medium carbon Si-Mn-Mo-V steel was designed to make railway wheels by forging and rolling. The slack quenching with water was conducted on the tread of rim section by programmed control to simulate isothermal heat treatment after being austenitized. Microstructures and mechanical properties have been studied. The results indicate that the microstructure of the rim is mainly carbide-free bainite, and the mixed microstructure of bainitic ferrite and granular bainite is observed in web and hub. The mechanical properties are superior to both the standard requirements and the commercial production, such as CL60 plain carbon. The Charpy impact energy is relatively high at room and/or subzero temperatures. The force-displacement curves and fractographies reveal the excellent ability of resistance to crack initiation and propagation.     

转炉-CSP工艺SS400热轧板带组织与力学性能分析

对包钢CSP工艺生产的SS400低碳热轧板卷进行了组织、力学性能测定分析.结果表明,成品薄板显微组织为大量的多边形铁素体和少量珠光体,晶粒细小、均匀,晶粒平均尺寸约为12 μm,中心区域比表面区域晶粒稍粗大,但差别不大.力学性能较国标的Q235B高,屈强比也较高.     

Effect of temper rolling on the bake-hardening behavior of low carbon steel

In a typical process, low carbon steel was annealed at two different temperatures (660°C and 750°C), and then was temper rolled to improve the mechanical properties. Pre-straining and baking treatments...     

激光熔凝处理对轧辊钢组织及性能的影响

应用3KW连续CO2激光器对轧辊钢进行激光熔凝处理,用金相用显微镜、、SEM及71型显微硬度计,进行湿微组织分析和显微微硬度测试。结果发现,其剖面组织区域分为熔化区（粗大的马氏体＋残余奥氏体→奥氏体)、相变区（马氏体＋残余奥氏体＋碳化物）、热影响区和基体4个部分,各区域的尺寸及显微硬度与功率、扫描速度等工艺参数有关,且激光处理后硬化效果明显。     

Hot deformation behavior of a Cr-containing low carbon steel in the ferrite range

A low carbon steel with Cr addition of 0.46wt% combined with trace elements of Mn and Ti was studied.The apparent activation energy of deformation and the hot deformation equation of the steel in the ferritic range were determined by means of single hot compression tests.The hot-rolled strip of 3 mm in thickness rolled in the ferritic range was obtained using a laboratory hot rolling mill.The mechanical properties show that the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are 230 and 330 MPa,respe...     

碳钢高温抗氧化涂料涂层的研究

用以氧化物为主要原料制成的醇基快干型涂料,涂敷于碳钢块上,点火块干使其固化形成涂层,防止碳饮氧化烧损.并采用失重法,对45#和T 10碳钢涂涂料的试样与裸样在高温下氧化失重进行了对比实验,分析了涂料对降低氧化烧损的影响以及涂料层的主要性能。实验表明,该涂料所形成的涂层在碳钢的加热过程中,与基体结合紧密,抗氧化性能以及耐热震性能较好,减少了碳钢高温氧化烧损,使碳钢在相同的加热温度和时间下,(如45#在6小时内100℃下),氧化烧损量由2.4~4.2g降低为0.8~2.5g,氧化速度由5.310×10-5g/mm2.h降低为3.885×1-0 5/mm2.h.     

铝合金与不锈钢异种金属铝硅药芯焊丝TIG熔钎焊接头组织及性能

为了解决钢/铝异种金属焊接接头力学性能较低的难题,采用无任何填充材料的光纤激光深熔焊接方法,研究了不同焊接速度对钢/铝搭接接头焊缝成形、界面组织和力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,随着焊接速度从2.4 m/min增加到3.3 m/min,钢/铝接头焊缝成形不断改善,且在焊接速度为3.0、3.3 m/min时,获得良好的焊缝成形.钢/铝接头界面金属间化合物层由Fe₂Al₅和Fe₄Al₁₃相组成,且增加焊接速度明显减小Fe₄Al₁₃相的数量及界面Fe₂Al₅层的厚度.接头拉伸剪切试验结果表明,当焊接速度为3.0 m/min时,钢/铝搭接接头的机械抗力值最高达137.1 N/mm.