一个第二代小波的信号奇异性检测

利用提升格式原理构造了一个对称的具有二阶消失矩的第二代小波DEC,并将其应用于信号的奇异性检测。与经典小波DB2的检测效果相比较,两者都可以准确地检测出信号的奇异点,但在Lip指数的计算方面,DEC比DB2以及其他大部分经典小波的准确性要强得多,仅次于墨西哥草帽小波。但是墨西哥草帽小波是一个非紧支集且只有零阶消失矩的小波。实验结果表明,第二代小波DEC比大部分经典小波更适合于信号的奇异性检测。     

Regularization of optical flow with M-band wavelet transform

The optical flow is an important tool for problems arising in the analysis of image sequences. Flow fields generated by various existing solving techniques are often noisy and partially incorrect, especially near occlusions or motion boundaries. Therefore, the additional information on the scene gained from a sequence of images is usually worse. In this paper, discrete wavelet transform has been adopted in order to enhance the reliability of optical flow estimation. A generalization of the well-known dyadic orthonormal wavelets to the case of the dilation scale factor M > 2 with N vanishing moments has been used, and it has proved to be a useful regularizing tool. The advantages in the computations have been shown by experimental results performed on real image sequences.     

基于二进小波的医学图像增强

在二进小波理论的基础上对图像的增强做了研究。经大量实验证明:提升二进小波滤波器处理的图像的信息熵和对比度改善指数与初始二进小波滤波器处理的图像相比有较大的提高,表明提升滤波器在图像处理中的有效性;在增强函数的选取上,将分段线性函数和连续非线性函数结合起来对图像进行增强,并根据不同分解层高频系数的特点选取不同的阈值与增强因子对图像进行增强,与使用单一的增强函数相比,图像的信息熵和对比度改善指数有了更进一步的提高。     

多重样条小波与微分方程自适应正交配置算法

０．引 言 由于小波的分层性,时－频空间的局部性,能量正交性等,使得它在构造微分方程自适应快速求解算法方面具有独特的应用价值．最近蔡伟等［８］通过构造一类能量内积意义下的紧支集半正交三次单重样条小波,得到了求解微分方程初边值问题的自适应样条小波结点配置算法．然而,三次样条结点配置解一般只能达到Ｏ（ｈ２）的逼近阶,而利用多重样条（如Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ样条）建立的正交配置格式却可以达到更高逼近阶．因此,构造能量内积意义下的紧支集半正交多重样条小波基,并建立相应的微分方程自适应小波快速正交配置算法是一项有意…     

基于Tsallis小波熵的变压器励磁涌流识别方法

针对变压器励磁涌流和内部故障电流识别的热点问题,为了有效克服香农熵在对信号的小波分解系数进行特征提取时具有局限性的缺陷,达到提高识别的有效性和快速性的目的。提出了基于Tsallis小波能量熵和时间熵判据的变压器励磁涌流和内部故障电流的识别新方法。该方法将小波分析与Tsallis熵结合对变压器暂态信号进行分析,在小波能量谱的基础上,得到Tsallis小波能量熵判据,并根据时间熵的定义得到Tsallis小波时间熵判据,综合利用两种判据对暂态信号进行识别。该方法不仅可以成功识别励磁涌流,并且提高了识别的准确性、可靠性和灵敏性。MATLAB/Simulink仿真实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。     

一种提高双正交小波消失矩的算法及其在图像编码中的应用

文章介绍了一种提高任意双正交小波消失矩的方法。此法根据小波的消失矩与其对应FIR滤波器的Laurent多项式在z=1处零点阶数相等的关系,基于提升格式采用迭代法设计提升系数,便于工程实现。在图像压缩编码中,用此法可方便地提高所选小波的消失矩,改变滤波器的性能,获得所需的新小波,从而实现预期目标。     

双正交小波的提升构造研究

文章系统研究了提升格式与小波滤波器支撑长度、线性相位、消失矩等性质的关系;提出了提升格式构造同时满足短支撑、对称性和任意阶消失矩双正交小波的一般算法;给出了最佳提升格式(Best Lifting Scheme,BLS)的定义以及在该算法下诸多已有双正交小波的构造方法.此外,文中首次构造了一系列性质优美的双正交小波--最佳提升格式小波(BLS Wavelet,BLSW)奇数阶系列,列出了BLSW的部分性质并将其应用到图像非线性逼近上.实验表明,性质上的优势体现在应用上,部分BLSW具有突出的逼近能力.     

A spline wavelet finite element formulation of thin plate bending

The wavelet scaling functions of spline wavelets are used to construct the displacement interpolation functions of triangular and rectangular thin plate elements. The displacement shape functions are then expressed by spline wavelet functions. A spline wavelet finite element formulation of thin plate bending is developed by using the virtual work principle. Two numerical examples have shown that the bending deflections and moments of thin plates agree well with those obtained by the differential equations and conventional elements. It is demonstrated that the current spline wavelet finite element method (FEM) can achieve a high numerical accuracy and converges fast. The proposed spline wavelet finite element formulation has a wide range of applicability since it is developed in the same way like conventional displacement-based FEM.     

基于引导滤波和Tsallis熵的SAR图像分割算法

针对合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像易受噪声干扰、分割方法精度低的问题,提出了一种基于频域引导滤波和Tsallis熵的SAR图像多阈值分割算法.利用非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)对图像多尺度分解,提取图像各方向的高频信息;通过引导滤波增强高频分量的边缘信息,在保持边缘的同时抑制了相干斑噪声;利用改进的二维Tsallis熵多阈值对增强图像精确分割.实验结果表明:分割算法对噪声不敏感,分割精度和适应性明显提高.     

结合边缘颜色与形状特征的图像检索方法

小波变换具有良好的局部特性与多尺度特性, 能多尺度逼近边缘, 这使得它在图像奇异性检测和特征提取方面得到了广泛的应用. 通过三次样条二进小波变换模极大值法提取图像彩色边缘, 用彩色边缘的环形颜色直方图表示颜色特征, 用小波模极大值的环形直方图表示形状特征; 最后利用上述两种直方图计算图像间的相似度, 并进行彩色图像检索. 实验结果表明该算法不仅具有较好的查准率和查全率, 而且对图像中存在的光照变化和几何变化(尺度, 平移, 旋转等)具有较强的鲁棒性.     

Multi-spectral and panchromatic images fusion based on PCA and fractional spline wavelet

A fusion method of panchromatic and multi-spectral (MS) images based on fractional spline wavelet and principal component analysis (PCA) transformation is proposed. The family of fractional spline wavelets outperforms traditional wavelets in obtaining the texture information of images due to its fractional order of approximation, which is beneficial for image fusion. Fusion experiments taking the instance of two image data sets collected by Landsat-TM and IKONOS are carried out in this article. The mean universal quality indices (MUQs) of the three red, green, blue (RGB) channels of the proposed method are 0.8866 and 0.9259 compared to the traditional PCA fusion method with MUQ = 0.8279 and 0.8496. From the visual evaluation and numerical analysis, it can be confirmed that the proposed method is a superior technique for enhancing the spatial details of MS images with their spectral properties reliably preserved.     

基于混沌布谷鸟优化的二维Tsallis交叉熵建筑物遥感图像分割

为了进一步提升建筑物遥感图像分割的准确性和运算速度,本文提出了基于混沌布谷鸟优化的二维Tsallis交叉熵的建筑物遥感图像分割方法。首先给出了二维Tsallis交叉熵的阈值选取公式,然后将Logistic混沌映射引入布谷鸟算法,进一步加快布谷鸟算法的收敛速度,最后通过该混沌布谷鸟算法优化基于二维Tsallis交叉熵的阈值寻找过程,并以得到的最优阈值分割建筑物遥感图像。大量实验结果表明,与二维倒数交叉熵法、二维Tsallis熵法、基于混沌粒子群优化的二维Tsallis灰度熵法等方法相比较,本文方法分割的目标更为准确,细节更为清晰,且运算时间更短。     

基于小波变换的图象放大方法再探讨

图象放大 (又称图象变焦、图象重采样 )问题严格地说是一个病态问题 ,根据不同的模型 ,人们先后提出了多种图象放大方法 ,如线性插值、三次样条插值、分形插值以及基于小波变换的方法等 .图象放大问题的焦点是如何在图象放大过程中保持良好的视觉分辨率 ,表现在基于小波变换的图象放大方法中就是如何构造图象高频分量的问题 .针对目前常用的变换域内插方法 ,在一维信号上所作的模拟实验表明 ,该方法并不合理 .对常用的几种图象放大效果评价的方法进行了比较分析 ,结果认为 ,最理想方法还是多人主观评判法 .由于小波高频系数构建问题并未有理想方案 ,因此 ,对小波基函数的选择问题必须作进一步研究 .     

A novel method of medical image enhancement based on wavelet decomposition

The efficiency of image enhancement algorithms depends on the quality and processing speed of image enhancement. There are many algorithms to implement image enhancement using wavelet theory. These algorithms have one thing in common: they all capture image details by decomposing low frequency sub-images. In fact, a lot of details in high-frequency sub-images are also found. Enlightened by the above-mentioned facts, a novel medical image enhancement method based on wavelet decomposition is proposed by adding details from the high-frequency sub-images and decomposing the image specially with ant-symmetric biorthogonal wavelet instead of some traditional wavelets. It not only improves the image enhancement, but also overcomes the shortcomings of large computation with faster computational speed and satisfies the real-time requirement in edge detection. Simulation experiments of mammographic images are implemented by Matlab with several different methods, the results show that the proposed method is superior to some popular methods, such as histogram equalization and wavelet nonlinear enhancement.     

基于小波变换的拓片文字边缘检测*

针对拓片得到的文字图像具有模糊细节多、效果差等特征,以及传统算法对其边缘检测的精度不高,根据拓片文字边缘独立于尺度传播的特性,提出了一种基于二进小波变换的拓片文字图像边缘提取和增强算法。首先用二进小波对拓片文字图像进行多尺度分解,再结合小波变换模值跨尺度传递的不同特性,进行多尺度下的图像边缘提取、增强和细化。实验表明,该算法克服了传统算法的不足,弱化了单尺度下噪声抑制与边缘细节提取精度之间的矛盾,从而具有更好的实用性。     

关于数字图像压缩中小波基选择问题的探讨

针对数字图像压缩编码中最优小波基的选择问题,论证了双正交样条小波基的优点,并对其进行了推导.样条小波的导数连续性保证了小波基的光滑性,双正交对偶小波的对称性使得滤波器具有线性相位,可减小失真,保证重构图像的质量.     

一种文档图像多尺度分割算法

1.研究背景随着数字图书馆和电子办公应用的日益普及,面对大量纸质原始文件及资料的数字化,直接扫描、存储和传输文档的需求越来越多,为了解决扫描文档图像庞大信息量和存储容量、传输带宽之间的矛盾,迫切需要专门针对文档图像研究新的高性能压缩算法。根据扫描文挡页面的内容特征,提高压缩比最有挖掘潜力的方法是对文档图像进行图文分割后再分别     

基于小波和相对矩的形状特征提取与检索方法

提出了一种基于小波和相对矩的形状特征提取与检索方法。首先，对亮度图像进行小波多尺度边缘检测，得到多尺度边界图像；然后，计算每一尺度的7个不变矩，再转化为10个相对矩，所有尺度上的相对矩组成图像的特征向量；最后，对特征向量进行高斯归一化，用欧氏距离度量图像间的相似度，构建了一个基于形状特征的网像检索系统。实验结果表明，该方法具有明显的优越性和通用性。     

Multi-level thresholding based on differential evolution and Tsallis Fuzzy entropy

This paper presents a multilevel image thresholding approach which relies on Tsallis entropy using Fuzzy partition with a novel threshold selection technique. In order to compute the optimal threshold values, Differential Evolution (DE) has been employed. The proposed method can further be exploited in image segmentation which is considered to be a critical step in image processing. Our proposed threshold selection technique is based on Tsallis-Fuzzy entropy and the results are compared with Shannon entropy (or fuzzy entropy) and Tsallis entropy based existing threshold selection techniques. The experiments are performed on two different sets of images and the results have been compared with that of existing state-of-the-art methods, namely, Patch Levy Bees' Algorithm (PLBA), Bacterial Foraging optimization (BFO), modified Bacterial Foraging optimization (MBFO) and Bees' Algorithm (BA). Quantitative analysis is carried out based on three image quality metrics viz SSIM, PSNR and SNR. Standard deviation and CPU time for convergence of the objective function have been calculated for performance evaluation. Furthermore, the statistical significance of our method has been estimated using Friedman test and Wilcoxon test. The experimental results manifest that our method produces results superior to the methods in comparison.     

基于样条小波的增强算法在角点提取中的应用

文章分析了样条小波在尺度空间中描述图像的特点,针对图像分割中角点提取对图像增强的要求,探讨了样条小波增强技术。算法利用小波域的多尺度点积来设定门限,提高了图像对比度,增强了图像的几何特征。实验结果表明,对图像采用样条小波增强方法,改善了视觉效果,加强了边缘和细节,增加了角点提取的准确性,为进一步图像匹配奠定了良好的基础。