Dy~(3+)和Tb~(3+)掺杂镓硼锗硅酸盐玻璃发光性能

采用高温熔融法分别制备了高含量Tb~(3+)单掺和Dy~(3+)/Tb~(3+)共掺的镓硼锗硅酸盐(GBSG)发光玻璃,并分析了其光谱性能。根据Dy~(3+)和Tb~(3+)掺杂的镓硼锗硅酸盐(GBSG)玻璃的激发和发射光谱、荧光寿命衰减曲线等特性,探讨了Dy~(3+)与Tb~(3+)之间的能量传递关系。结果表明:玻璃的发光强度和荧光寿命随着Tb~(3+)、Dy~(3+)含量的增加而减少。与相同摩尔浓度的单掺玻璃相比,共掺玻璃发光强度的衰减速率先减慢而后加快。Tb~(3+)、Dy~(3+)离子之间的能量传递方式为无辐射共振能量传递和~4F_(9/2)+~7F_6→~6H_(15/2)+~5D_4交叉弛豫效应。     

La2-x-yMgTiO6:xDy3+,yEu3+白色荧光粉的 荧光性能及能量传递

采用高温固相法合成了La_(2-x)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+)和La_(2-x-y)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+),yEu~(3+)系列荧光粉,通过X射线衍射对其相结构进行了表征,优化了荧光粉的组成,研究了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)浓度对发光强度的影响,测试了荧光粉的荧光光谱和寿命,研究了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)之间的能量传递机理和能量传递效率。结果表明:所有合成的掺杂荧光粉均为单相物质;La_(2-x)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+)最佳掺杂浓度为x=0.05;在350 nm近紫外光激发下,La_(2-x-y)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+),yEu~(3+)显示出Dy~(3+)的特征黄、蓝光发射和Eu~(3+)的特征红光发射;Dy~(3+)的荧光寿命呈双指数衰减,随着Eu~(3+)浓度的增大,Dy~(3+)的荧光寿命逐渐减小,证明了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子之间存在着能量传递;能量传递效率随着Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度的增加而增加,La_(1.83)MgTiO_6∶0.05Dy~(3+),0.12Eu~(3+)荧光粉的能量传递效率为53.9%;改变调节Eu~(3+)的掺杂浓度可以得到从冷白色到暖白色的荧光粉,La_(1.83)MgTiO_6∶0.05Dy~(3+),0.12Eu~(3+)的色坐标为(0.337 3,0.354 4)。     

K2MgSiO4:Eu3+,Tb3+荧光粉的发光性质和能量传递

采用高温固相法合成K_2MgSiO_4∶Eu~(3+),Tb~(3+)系列荧光材料.通过X射线衍射谱、光致发光谱以及荧光寿命对材料的物相结构和发光性质进行了表征和研究.结果表明:系列样品的X射线衍射图谱衍射峰与标准卡片吻合得很好,实验浓度范围内Eu~(3+)、Tb~(3+)单掺或共掺没有改变K_2MgSiO_4的晶体结构.由材料的光致发光谱可以看出:Eu~(3+)单掺K_2MgSiO_4样品在394nm(~(7 )F_0→~(5 )L_6)激发下,显示主峰为613nm(~(5 )D_0→~7F_2)处的红光发射;Tb~(3+)单掺K_2MgSiO_4样品在378nm(~(7 )F_6→~(5 )G_6)激发下,显示主峰为542nm(~(5 )D_4→~7F_5)处的绿光发射.当Eu~(3+)和Tb~(3+)共掺于K_2MgSiO_4基质中时,样品呈现出Eu~(3+)较强的特征发射,Tb~(3+)发射峰则较弱,并且随着掺入Tb~(3+)离子浓度的增加,Eu~(3+)的发射明显增强,Tb~(3+)的发射没有明显变化.另外,当固定Eu~(3+)浓度,逐渐增加Tb~(3+)离子掺杂浓度时,Eu~(3+)的荧光寿命逐渐增加;固定Tb~(3+)浓度,逐渐增加Eu~(3+)离子掺杂浓度时,Tb~(3+)的荧光寿命逐渐减小.这些现象确定了K_2MgSiO_4∶Eu~(3+),Tb~(3+)荧光材料中存在Tb~(3+)→Eu~(3+)的能量传递关系,使得K_2MgSiO_4基质中Eu~(3+)红光发射得到改善和提高.     

Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+),Eu~(3+)荧光粉的发光特性和能量传递

利用高温固相法合成Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+),Eu~(3+)系列荧光粉末,研究了Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)掺杂对Na_2CaSiO_4晶体结构的影响、材料发光特性以及存在的能量传递现象.X射线衍射结果表明Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)单掺及共掺样品均为单相的Na_2CaSiO_4结构,晶体结构没有改变.Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+)荧光样品在404 nm激发波长下呈现峰峰值为602 nm的橙红色荧光,来源于~4G_(5/2)→~6H_(7/2)跃迁.Na_2CaSiO_4:Eu~(3+)荧光样品在395 nm激发波长下发射出峰峰值为613 nm的红色荧光.对光谱和荧光寿命的测试和分析结果表明Sm~(3+)与Eu~(3+)之间存在能量传递,通过理论计算得到Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)之间的能量传递临界距离为1.36 nm,相互作用形式为电四极-电四极相互作用.随着Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度的增加,能量传递效率也逐渐提高至20.6%.     

Er~(3+)和Eu~(3+)共注入GaN的光学特性和能量传递机制

采用离子注入法在GaN薄膜中实现了Er~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子的共掺杂.以阴极荧光光谱仪为主要表征手段,研究样品的光学特性和能量传递机理.在300K温度下,Er~(3+)和Eu~(3+)共掺杂GaN薄膜能够实现绿光和红光的同时发射.随着Er~(3+)离子掺杂剂量的增加,Eu~(3+)离子相关发光峰的强度减弱,Er~(3+)离子对应的两个相关发光峰强度比值减小,表明Er~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子之间发生了能量传递,能量传递的方向为Eu~(3+)→Er~(3+).变温阴极荧光光谱显示,Er~(3+)离子的2H11/2和4S3/2两个能态相关的跃迁峰相对强度比值随着温度升高而降低,主要是由两个能级之间的热耦合导致.改变Er~(3+)离子的掺杂剂量,能够调控GaN:Er~(3+)/Eu~(3+)样品的光学色度坐标和色温,表明此材料可用于发光器件.     

LaF_3纳米晶体中Sm~(3+)/Eu~(3+)能量传递效应的光谱学特性（英文）

采用水热合成法,在较低的温度下制备了分散性,均匀性良好的LaF_3:Sm~(3+),LaF_3:Eu~(3+)和LaF_3:Sm~(3+)/Eu~(3+)纳米晶体样品。通过X射线衍射(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和光致发光(PL)等手段,分别对Sm~(3+)/Eu~(3+)单掺和共掺LaF_3纳米晶体的物相,表面形貌,晶粒尺寸和荧光特性进行了表征。XRD和TEM检测结果显示,所制备的LaF_3纳米晶体呈六方晶体相,平均粒径在40 nm左右。当采用波长为442 nm的He-Cd连续激光器激发Sm~(3+)/Eu~(3+)共掺LaF3样品中的Sm~(3+)时,在样品发射光谱中观测到了Eu~(3+)的特征荧光发射谱线,实现了Sm~(3+)向Eu~(3+)的能量传递。采用光谱学研究方法讨论了能量传递的机理和效率。结果表明,能量传递过程是Sm~(3+)的~4G_(5/2)激发态与Eu~(3+)的~5D_1和~5D_0激发态之间的交叉驰豫所致,并且随着Eu~(3+)的掺杂浓度的增大,共掺LaF_3:Sm~(3+)/Eu~(3+)样品的发射谱中的Eu~(3+)的特征荧光发射强度也随之增强,这说明增加受主Eu~(3+)的掺杂浓度能够有效地提高Sm~(3+)→Eu~(3+)能量传递的效率。     

Eu/Tm/Tb掺杂硼硅酸盐玻璃的发光性能

采用熔融淬冷法制备了性能优越的Eu/Tm/Tb单掺、双掺和三掺的硼硅酸盐玻璃。测试了样品的激发和发射光谱,计算了CIE色坐标,研究了紫外激发下Eu/Tm/Tb掺杂的硼硅酸盐玻璃的发光性能。结果表明:在361 nm激发下,随着Tm~(3+)加入到Eu_2O_3掺杂的硼硅酸盐样品中,观察到Tm~(3+)的459 nm(1D_2→3F_4)锐线特征发射峰,同时由于Eu~(3+),Eu2+→Tm~(3+)的能量传递的存在降低了Eu2+的437 nm宽带峰及Eu~(3+)的589nm(5D0→7F1)和612 nm(5D_0→7F_2)的特征发射峰强度。在377 nm激发下,Eu/Tm/Tb三掺样品能够同时出现红、绿和蓝光。调节Eu2O3的含量能有效改变发光玻璃的发光强度和颜色,最终得到色坐标为(0.33,0.386 7)的发光玻璃。     

Ho~(3+)/Tm~(3+)共掺α-NaYF_4单晶体的光谱特性（英文）

采用坩埚下降法生长出Ho~(3+)离子掺杂浓度~1.90 mol%、Tm~(3+)不同掺杂离子浓度(0.99mol%,1.58mol%,2.37 mol%,3.16 mol%,3.99 mol%,7.19 mol%)的双掺杂立方晶相NaYF_4单晶体.根据测定的吸收光谱以及800nmLD波长激发下的发射光谱、发射截面和衰减曲线,研究从Tm~(3+)离子到Ho~(3+)离子的能量传递机制、Tm~(3+)离子的浓度猝灭效应和Ho~(3+)离子在2.04μm波段的优化发光效应.当Ho~(3+)离子浓度保持为~1.90 mol%不变,Tm~(3+)离子浓度从0.99 mol%增加到1.59mol%时,2.04μm波段的发射强度逐步增强;当浓度从1.59mol%增加到7.19mol%时,发射强度逐步减弱.Ho~(3+)(1.90 mol%)/Tm~(3+)(1.59 mol%)共掺的单晶体的发射截面最大,达到2.17×10-20 cm~2,其荧光寿命最长,为21.72ms;同时,根据Ho~(3+)离子的吸收截面和Tm~(3+)离子的发射截面,计算得到该样品从Tm~(3+)∶3F~(3+)4→Ho∶5I7稀土离子能量传递系数和Ho~(3+)∶~5I_7→Tm~(3+)∶~3F_4反传递系数分别为C_(Tm-Ho)=24.14×10~(-40)cm~6/s,C_(Ho-Tm)=2.05×10~(-40) cm~6/s.     

Er~(3+)、Pr~(3+)共掺杂AlN薄膜的发光特性和能量传递机理

采用离子注入的方法在氮化铝(AlN)薄膜中实现Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)的共掺杂,以阴极荧光光谱仪为主要表征手段,对其发光特性进行研究.对于Er~(3+)单掺杂的AlN薄膜,在410nm和480nm可以观察到Er~(3+)较强的发光峰,在537nm、560nm、771nm和819nm可观察到Er~(3+)的较弱的发光峰;对于Pr~(3+)单掺杂的AlN薄膜,Pr~(3+)的最强发光峰位于528nm,在657nm和675nm可以观察到Pr~(3+)的较弱的发光峰;而对于Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)共掺杂的AlN薄膜,在494nm观察到与Pr~(3+)相关的新跃迁峰.根据实验现象,对AlN薄膜中Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)之间的能量传递机制进行了深入分析,结果表明Er~(3+)的4F7/2→4I15/2能级跃迁与Pr~(3+)的3P0→3H4能级跃迁之间发生了共振能量传递,从而使Pr~(3+)产生了494nm新的发光峰.     

金属离子Li~+、Na~+、Al~(3+)掺杂的BaF_2∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉的制备及发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了金属离子Li~+、Na~+、Al~(3+)掺杂的BaF_2∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉体.用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、光致发光光谱和荧光衰减曲线分别对其微结构、形貌、发光性能进行表征.实验结果表明,在266 nm激发下,与单掺23% Eu~(3+)样品相比,掺杂摩尔浓度为9% 的Li~+、Na~+、Al~(3+)样品的611 nm处发光强度分别提高了4.71倍、1.51倍及1.35倍.掺入Li~+或Al~(3+)后Eu~(3+)的~5D_0能级的寿命变长,Na~+的掺入使Eu~(3+)的能级寿命变短.相比BaF_2∶23% Eu~(3+)样品,9% Li~+、6% Na~+、23% Eu~(3+)共掺BaF_2样品及9% Li~+、12% Al~(3+)、23% Eu~(3+)共掺BaF_2样品的发光分别提高1.73倍和3.05倍,相应的能级寿命均增加.     

Cooperative energy transfer and frequency upconversion in Yb3+-Tb 3+ and Nd 3+-Yb 3+-Tb 3+ codoped GdAl3(BO3)4 phosphors

Polycrystalline GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ phosphors codoped with Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ and/or Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ have been synthesized by combustion method. Upon excitation with a 980 nm laser diode, an intense green upconversion luminescence has been observed in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Yb,Tb phosphor. The quadratic dependence of the luminescence on the pump-laser power indicating a cooperative energy transfer process. Meanwhile, it is noticed that upon excitation with 808 nm laser diode, intense luminescence has clearly been detected in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Nd,Yb,Tb phosphor. The luminescence intensity exhibits also a quadratic dependence on incident pump-laser power. However, no green-emission has been observed in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ phosphors codoped with Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ or Nd³⁺/Tb³⁺ respectively upon excited at 808 nm laser diode. A proposed upconversion mechanism involving energy transfer from Nd³⁺ to Yb³⁺, and then a cooperative energy transfer process from two excited Yb³⁺ to Tb³⁺ has been presented.     

Stark splitting and energy transfer between Dy3+-Ho3+ and between Tb3+-Er3+ in calcium-lithium borate glass

Fluorescence spectrum of Dy³⁺, Dy³⁺-Ho³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Tb³⁺-Er³⁺ doped in calibo glass have been studied using Ar⁺ and excimer lasers. Non-radiative energy transfer from trivalent dysprosium and terbium (donors) to holmium and erbium (acceptors) respectively has been observed on the basis of decrease in the life time of the levels and reduction in fluorescence intensity of Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ on increasing Ho and Er concentrations. The interaction mechanism of donor and acceptor ions is found to be dipole-dipole in both cases. Various parameters such as donor-acceptor distances, non-radiative energy transfer efficiency (η) and energy transfer probability (P _da) have been computed. Stark splitting have also been marked in several intense transition of the two.     

Optical spectroscopy of Cr3+ and Cr3+-Tm3+ in alkaline silicate glasses

Conclusions Alkaline silicate glasses seem to be good candidates as host materials for codoping with Cr³⁺ and Tm³⁺. Cr³⁺ ions occupy mainly low-field sites in them, and their broadband emission overlaps Tm³⁺ excitation. As a consequence very high efficiency for the energy transfer Cr³⁺→Tm³⁺ is achieved with moderate concentrations of these ions. Moreover, the average lifetime of the Cr³⁺ ions in codoped glasses is long enough to allow significant energy storage by flashlamp pumping. Published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 62, No. 5, pp. 115–120, September–October, 1995.     

Eu3+ luminescence and Gd3+-Eu3+ energy transfer in K5Li2GdF10:Eu3+

Polycrystalline samples of europium-doped K₅Li₂GdF₁₀ have been obtained by a slow cooling of melted compound and investigated using spectroscopy methods. Luminescence from the ⁵ D ₂ level of Eu³⁺ is found to be weak. Intense visible emission upon excitation into the ⁵ D ₂ or higher energy levels has been attributed to overlapping transitions from long-lived ⁵ D ₁ and ⁵ D ₀ levels. A strong increase of the ⁵ D ₀ emission at the expense of the ⁵ D ₁ emission occurs between 5 K and 25 K without significant change of the ⁵ D ₁ lifetime. To account for this, it is supposed that both the radiative and the nonradiative transition rates are temperature-dependent. Efficient energy transfer from the ⁶ G _J levels of Gd³⁺ to Eu³⁺ ions has been evidenced by excitation spectra in the VUV region and VUV-excited luminescence. It has been concluded that the cross relaxation contributes to the energy-transfer process. Received: 8 May 2001 / Accepted: 11 May 2001 / Published online: 25 July 2001     

GdBO3：Pr3+，Yb3+中Pr3+到Yb3+的能量传递及发光性质

采用高温固相法制备了一系列单掺或双掺Pr3+和Yb3+的GdBO3材料,分别测试分析了材料的物相结构和发光性质。在446 nm蓝光( Pr3+：3 H4→3 P2)激发下,检测到Yb3+的近红外特征发射,表明样品中存在Pr3+到Yb3+的能量传递。 Pr3+的掺杂浓度一定时,样品的发光会随着Yb3+掺杂浓度的改变而发生变化。通过对比不同掺杂情况下Pr3+：3 P0能级的衰减曲线,发现随着Yb3+的掺杂浓度的增加,该能级的荧光寿命不断缩短;同时利用不同条件下的衰减特性计算得出不同 Yb3+掺杂浓度样品的能量传递效率。用 Inokuti-Hirayama模型分析表明Pr3+-Yb3+能量传递类型为偶极子-偶极子相互作用。     

氟化物中Yb3+对Ho3+, Tm3+的直接敏化上转换作用

采用双掺杂(Yb^3 ／Ho^3 )和多掺杂(Ho^3 ／Yb^3 ／Tm^3 )方式,研究了氟化物中Yb^3 对Ho^3 ,Tm^3 的直接敏化上转换作用,并对它们在980nm激光激发下的上转换光谱特性进行了比较,对它们的上转换机理作了详细的讨论分析。观测到两处很强的上转换发光,分别是Yb^3 ／Ho^3 共掺杂体系中^5F4^5S2(Ho^3 )→^5Is(Ho^3 )的荧光跃迁和Ho^3 ／Yb^3 ／Tm^3 共掺杂体系中^3H4(Tm^3 )→H6(Tm^3 )的荧光跃迁。还发现由于添加了Tm^3 ,减弱了Yb^3 ／Ho^3 共掺杂体系中Ho^3 在可见光范围的上转换发光强度。     

Er~(3+)及Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)掺杂纳米晶CaWO_4的发光性质

利用共沉淀法制备了Er3+掺杂及Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂纳米晶CaWO4发光粉体,室温下观察到Er3+的下转换和上转换特征发射。研究了不同煅烧温度、不同掺杂浓度对Er3+离子特征发射的影响。结果表明:随着煅烧温度的升高,发射强度增强;掺杂浓度的改变,导致了Er3+的浓度猝灭现象,其适宜的掺杂原子数分数为0.6%。同时观测到O-W的电荷迁移态与稀土离子之间的能量传递现象,并给出了能量传递的模型。对Er3+的上转换研究观察到:在976nm激光激发下Yb3+对Er3+的上转换发射起到了很好的敏化作用,两个Yb3+同时将能量以共振方式传递给一个Er3+离子,Er3+、Yb3+共掺杂样品的绿光上转换过程展示了双光子过程。     

Excitation energy transfer between Er3+ and Tm3+ in LiNbO3

Conclusions Nonradiative energy transfer between similar and different rare-earth ions in LiNbO₃ has been evidenced for the first time. The contribution of nonradiative energy transfer to the decay of the¹G₄ and³H₄ levels of thulium and the⁴S_3/2 and⁴I_13/2 levels of erbium is significant for activator concentrations of the order of several thousand ppm in LiNbO₃. The excitation of higher-lying levels of both activators is transferred faster in codoped crystal to the lowest luminescent levels, from which the luminescence in the 1–2-μm spectral region occurs. This accelerated relaxation is advantageous for broadband optical pumping since the contribution of radiative transitions competing with the³F₄−³H₆ laser transition of thulium is reduced. On the other hand, it appears that erbium ions will influence adversely the efficiency of a laser-diode-pumped LiNbO₃∶Er, Tm laser operating near 1.8 μm since the part of the³H₄ excitation transferred to erbium ions is emitted from the long-lived⁴I_11/2 level of Er³⁺. Furthermore, the⁴I_13/2 excitation is not transferred fully to thulium ions and is lost in⁴I_13/2−⁴I_15/2 emission. Lithium niobate singly doped with thulium is more promising since the cross-relaxation process that transfers the excitation from the³H₄ level to the³F₄ level appears to be efficient in this host. Published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 62, No. 5, pp. 125–133, September–October, 1995.