高温下交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中电树枝测试系统设计

设计了高温下交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘中电树枝化的实验系统,在外施工频电压有效值为13 kV下,对不同温度下高压XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝生长及其局部放电特性进行研究,结果表明,温度对电树枝的生长具有重要影响,整个系统可以用于高温下电树枝生长过程的实时观测与局部放电连续测量,为研究高温下XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝引发与生长机理及其局部放电特性分析提供了实验研究平台。     

高温下交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中树枝测试系统设计

设计了高温下交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘中电树枝化的实验系统,在外施工频电压有效值为13 kV下,对不同温度下高压XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝生长及其局部放电特性进行研究,结果表明,温度对电树枝的生长具有重要影响,整个系统可以用于高温下电树枝生长过程的实时观测与局部放电连续测量,为研究高温下XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝引发与...     

工频电压下220kV级XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝生长特性研究

采用实时显微数字摄像技术和局部放电连续测量相结合的实验方法,研究不同外施工频电压下220 kV级XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝的引发及生长特性,将其结构特征与110 kV电缆绝缘中的电树枝进行对比,利用差示扫描量热法和热失重分析法研究220 kV和110 kV电缆绝缘材料的微观聚集态结构。结果表明:在相同外施工频电压下,220 kV和110 kV电缆绝缘材料中的树形结构相同;在外施电压为9 kV和11 kV下,110 kV电缆绝缘中电树枝的引发时间相对较短,而在高电压等级下两者基本一致;110 kV电缆绝缘中电树枝在9 kV和27 kV下的生长时间相对较长,而在其他电压等级下220 kV电缆绝缘中电树枝的生长时间相对较长。220 kV电缆绝缘材料热稳定性和结晶度更高,结晶速率更快,即具有更好的结晶特性。     

不同温度下局部气压对XLPE电缆电树枝生长及局放特性的影响

交联聚乙烯(cross-linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆绝缘热老化产生的气体可能会在电树枝发生处产生局部高气压,为了研究不同运行状况下局部气压对XLPE电缆电树枝引发和生长特性的影响,以XLPE电缆制作绝缘层切块为试验样品搭建了试验系统,研究了不同温度下局部气压作用在电树枝通道时的局部放电特性和电树枝的生长规律。结果表明:XLPE处于玻璃态时,局部气压对电树枝的引发无明显作用,在生长过程中通道内流注的发展因高气压受阻,树枝发展被抑制;XLPE处于高弹态时,气隙放电的产生导致电树枝引发时间大大缩短。在生长发展期,高温造成XLPE结构上的缺陷促进了高气压下局放的发展。试验发现:高温高气压下电树枝很容易贯穿电缆绝缘,严重威胁XLPE电缆的安全稳定运行。     

实际XPLE电缆模型下升压速度对电树枝生长特性的影响

电树枝化是影响交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电力电缆运行安全与寿命的技术瓶颈。笔者采用金属针缺陷模拟电缆中集中的电场应力,研究了在工频交流电压下(50 Hz),不同实验起始升压速度(0.1 kV/s,1 kV/s)对XLPE电缆中电树枝生长特性的影响。结果表明,在高的升压速度下电树枝起始快,同时电树枝形态会由纯枝状变为稠密枝状,分形维变大。     

高温下110kV交联聚乙烯电缆电树枝生长及局部放电特性

利用实时显微数字摄像与局部放电连续测量系统,采用典型针-板电极结构,研究了高温下不同外施工频电压作用时110kV级交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘中典型电树枝的形态特征、引发、生长规律及其局部放电特性。实验结果表明,温度对XLPE电缆绝缘中典型电树枝的形态、引发与生长时间具有非常重要的影响。在高温下,不同外施工频电压作用时电树枝的形态呈现出多样性的特点,50°C下典型电树枝形态为枝状、枝-松枝状和丛状,70°C下为枝状,90°C下为滞长型和枝状。高温下电树枝引发时间随外施电压升高而减小,而且在同一外施电压下,电树枝引发时间随温度升高而减小,这是由于在高温下XLPE电缆绝缘中片晶熔化,无定形相增加,介质中自由体积扩大,从而更有利于电树枝引发。研究发现在低电压(9kV)下,电树枝生长过程中由于通道电导率增加而抑制了通道内局部放电的发展,局部放电作用减小,电树枝生长速度减慢,分形维数较高;而11kV以上电压作用时,电树枝在局部放电的连续作用下呈枝状向对面电极快速生长,同时高温下XLPE弹性模量下降,击穿场强降低,局部放电作用加剧,电树枝生长明显加速,电树枝分形维数较低。     

国内文摘与专利

正不同温度下局部气压对XLPE电缆电树枝生长及局放特性的影响/周利军;仇祺沛;成睿;等/中国电机工程学报,2016(18)交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘热老化产生的气体可能会在电树枝发生处产生局部高气压,为了研究不同运行状况下局部气压对XLPE电缆电树枝引发和生长特性的影响,以XLPE电缆制作绝缘层切块为试验样品搭建了试验系统,研究了不同温度下局部气压作用在电树枝通道时的局部放电特性和电树枝的生长规律。结果表明:XLPE处于玻璃态时,局部气     

高温高气压下XLPE电缆电树枝生长规律及局放特性

交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘材料电热老化产生的气体会在电缆绝缘层产生局部高气压,为了研究不同温度下气压对电缆电树枝发展特性的影响,以XLPE短电缆为样品搭建试验系统,研究了不同温度下气压作用在绝缘层内壁时电缆电树枝的生长规律及其局部放电特性。分析实验结果可知:低温下XLPE处于玻璃态,局放初期材料保持了良好的机械性能,气压的升高对局放引发和生长初期无影响。局放后期,剧增的局部放电使插针区域软化,在气压作用下产生形变,电树枝沿应力集中区迅猛发展;高温下XLPE处于高弹态,自由体积分数增加,气压越高绝缘材料受到的轴向拉力越大,材料电气性能下降越明显,电树枝越易引发。高温高气压下XLPE电缆的绝缘性能下降明显,电缆稳定运行受到严重威胁。     

交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中电树枝测试系统设计

根据脉冲电流法的测量原理,设计了可用于XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝放电连续测试的局部放电测量系统,并利用典型电晕模型实验证实了该系统的稳定性和可靠性。组建了实时显微数字摄像系统对电树枝引发和生长过程进行实时观测。结果表明:整个系统满足电树枝生长过程实时观测与局部放电连续测量的要求,为研究XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝引发与生长机理及其局部放电特性提供了实验研究平台。     

国内文摘与专利

正直流电压下XLPE电缆绝缘中电树枝的生长特性研究/刘英;曹晓珑/西安交通大学学报,2014(4)为了研究XLPE电缆绝缘材料中直流电树枝的生长规律、形态特征及通道特性,利用树枝化试验及显微观察系统,结果显示,电树枝由细单枝逐渐发展为稀疏丛状结构,树枝通道为非导电型;电树枝生长缓慢,生长速率不超过1.0μm/min;树枝长度主要取决于加压周期数及直流电压幅值,电压持续时间在高压下影响增大;针极意外接地情况下,电树枝将瞬间引发或快速生长。     

XLPE电缆电树枝二次生长特性分析(英文)

In order to study the growth characteristics of electrical trees in XLPE cable under secondary applied voltage, a short cable metal needle defect test device is adopted to study the growth characteristics of the new trees after the electrical trees in XLPE cable under the action of the voltage of 12 kV are influenced by secondary applied voltage (15 kV). The research results show that influenced by secondary applied voltage and voltage increase rate, there will be a peculiar "bush-branch" electrical tree in XLPE cable insulation layer and the new trees under secondary applied voltage have the characteristics of short initiation time, fast growth rate and narrow discharge channel, etc, which shows that secondary applied voltage has a great effect on the secondary initiation and growth of electrical trees in XLPE cable and it is an important factor of accelerating cable aging and breakdown.     

不同电极系统下XLPE电缆电树枝生长特性的研究(英文)

The electrical tree discharge channel will be formed at concentrate spot of electric field in solid insulation dielectric,in order to study the difference of electrical tree under different electrical field,the short-cable electrode system with actual XLPE cable was designed,experiments were performed under 12 kV,15 kV,18 kV,21 kV compare to the needle-plate electrode system.Experiment results show that the electrical tree of short-cable electrode system have the same growth trend with the needle-plate electrode system in the growing characteristic,the dense of electrical tree increase with the increase of voltage level,electrical tree of short-cable electrode system growth is slower than the needle-plate electrode system at the same voltage;To get the same shape of electrical tree,the voltage of short-cable electrode system must be higher than needle-plate electrode system,the results show that the semiconductor layer and the copper shield layer outside of XLPE cable have very important affection on the electrical trees degradation.     

A study of treeing phenomena in the development of insulation for500 kV XLPE cables

This review summarizes research on treeing phenomena, i.e. the formation of electrical trees and water trees, that has been undertaken in Japan for the development of 500 kV XLPE cable. Section 1 presents the results of factors affecting XLPE cable insulation breakdown under commercial ac and lightning impulse voltages. Section 2 verifies the phenomena of electrical tree formation in XLPE cable insulation using block samples and model cables, and gives the results of studies to determine the level electrical field stress initiation for such trees. Section 3 summarizes the results of studies on long-term aging characteristics, which is a particular problem under commercial ac voltages, while Section 4 explains how this research influenced the design of 500 kV XLPE cable insulation. All authors were members of `The investigation committee of fundamental process of treeing degradation' under IEEJ     

Development of New Diagnostic Method for Hot-Line XLPE Cables with Water Trees

A new insulation diagnostic method for XLPE cables containing water trees is presented. A dc component in the ac charging current of these cables was found to be a significant sign of the existence of water trees. The dc component has good correlations with such insulation characteristics of aged XLPE cables as ac breakdown voltage and dc leakage current. Criteria for insulation diagnosis of 6.6kV XLPE cables have been established. An automatic insulation diagnostic device has been developed. It is now being applied to hot-line XLPF cables in distribution systems of TEPCO (The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.).     

Investigation of Water Tree Degradation in Dry‐Cured and Extruded Three‐Layer (E‐E Type) 6.6‐kV Removed XLPE Cables

Dry‐cured and extruded three‐layer (E‐E type) 6.6‐kV cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables were introduced into electric power systems more than 30 years ago, but they do not experience failures because of water tree degradation. Also, the degradation index of water treeing for these cables has not been established. Therefore, investigating results of residual breakdown voltage and water tree degradation of these cables will help us plan for cable replacement and determine water tree degradation diagnosis scheduling, and will be fundamental data for cable lifetime evaluation. In this study, the authors measured the ac breakdown voltages of dry‐cured and E‐E type 6.6‐kV XLPE cables removed after 18 to 25 years of operation and observed the water trees in their XLPE insulation. As a result, it was observed that breakdown voltages were larger than the maximum operating voltage (6.9 kV) and the ac voltage for the dielectric withstanding test (10.3 kV). Water trees were mainly bow‐tie water trees and their maximum length was approximately 1 mm. Although the number of measured cables was limited, the lifetime of this type of cable was estimated to be approximately 40 years, even experiencing water immersion.     

Application of the AC Superposition Method to Degradation Diagnosis of 22/33‐kV Class XLPE Cables

Water trees in the insulator of XLPE cable may considerably reduce the dielectric breakdown voltage, thus being an important lifetime‐governing factor. The ac superposition method we have investigated is a new technique for hot‐line diagnosis of 6.6‐kV XLPE cables, and the diagnostic apparatus using this technique is now widely used in the distribution line field. In order to study the application of the ac superposition method to degradation diagnosis of 22/33‐kV class XLPE cables, we measured deterioration signals of the cables with water trees by a modification of the above diagnostic apparatus. The deterioration signals, hereafter called “ac superposition current”, were generated by an amplitude modulation effect due to the nonlinear resistance of water trees. Moreover, we evaluated the relationship between the ac superposition current and the ac breakdown voltage. It is difficult to judge whether a correlation between then is present or not because of the uneven distribution of the measured data. However, the ac superposition current tends to increase linearly with a decrease in the residual thickness of the insulator. For example, the ac superposition current was about 40 nA when the residual thickness decreased to 3 mm. Thus, we consider that the ac superposition method is effective for degradation diagnosis of 22/33‐kV class XLPE cables.     

500kV交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆绝缘结构研究

本文叙述交联聚乙烯 (XL PE)绝缘电缆绝缘统计设计方法。论述我国研制开发 5 0 0 k V XL PE电缆的绝缘结构采用绝缘统计设计方法的合理性。叙述我国 5 0 0 k V XL PE电缆的绝缘水平要求。论述对照日本已经运行的 5 0 0 k V XL PE电缆的绝缘结构参数和绝缘质量控制要求 ,采用绝缘统计设计方法 ,按相同可靠性原则作为我国 5 0 0 k V XL PE电缆确定电缆绝缘厚度和绝缘质量控制要求的基础是合理的。本文提出不同导体截面 5 0 0 k V XL PE电缆的推荐绝缘厚度。     

Comparative laboratory evaluation of TR-XLPE and XLPE cables with Super-smooth conductor shields

This paper provides data on four commercial tree retardant crosslinked polyethylene (TR-XLPE) and one cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated 15 kV cables supplied by three manufacturers. The cables have "super-smooth" conductor shields and "extra-clean" insulation and insulation shields. AC and impulse voltage breakdown and selected other characterization data are presented for cables that were aged immersed in room temperature water (15-30/spl deg/C) up to 24 months of a planned 48 months aging program. The five cables have high ac voltage breakdown strength, three of the TR-XLPE cables, actually increased in breakdown strength during aging. The one TR-XLPE cable that had the lowest ac voltage breakdown had vented trees at the insulation shield and high dissipation factor, which the other cables did not have. The impulse voltage breakdown strength of all cables decreased during aging; the cable with the lowest ac voltage breakdown also has the lowest impulse voltage breakdown. The dissimilar performance of the TR-XLPE cables and the excellent performance of the XLPE cable indicates evaluations at longer times are required to differentiate between modern TR-XLPE and XLPE insulated cables.