聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯研究进展

综述了一种在新一代高能航天固体推进剂、战术发动机高能低特征信号推进剂和聚合物黏结炸药(PBX)等领域中备受关注的含能聚合物黏合剂——聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯(PGN)黏合剂的合成、性能及应用研究进展。     

PGN——高能量密度固体推进剂含能组分

综述了聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯(PGN)的性能、合成方法及应用研究。PGN是一种高密度、富氧的低感度含能黏合剂,兼有黏合剂和增塑剂作用,可用于大型运载火箭洁净推进剂、少烟推进剂及钝感PBX炸药。     

下一代战术导弹固体推进剂研究进展

概括并评述了新型含能材料和以这些含能材料为主要组分的新型推进剂的研究近况,其中新型含能材料包括含能黏合剂、含能增塑剂和高能氧化剂(填料),新型推进剂包括CL-20推进剂、AND推进剂和HNF推进剂.认为以这些新型含能材料为基础的高能钝感低特征信号推进剂是下一代战术导弹固体推进剂的发展方向.附参考文献17篇.     

提高聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯固化稳定性的方法

聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯(PGN)具有高能、钝感、富氧等特性,是一种很有潜力的含能黏合剂,但与异氰酸酯类化合物反应固化后存在固化稳定性较差的问题,影响其使用。分析了影响PGN固化稳定性的因素,总结了提高PGN固化稳定性能的主要方法。     

高能推进剂钝感含能材料研究现状

钝感高能推进剂是当前固体推进剂的重要发展方向,降低高能固体推进剂感度主要技术途径是要采用低感度高能量的原材料,一方面是应用新型低感度含能原材料,另一方面是对现有含能原材料改性使之降低感度。高能推进剂所用钝感含能原材料主要分为3部分:能量高而感度低的氧化剂,低感度的含能黏合剂,低感度的含能增塑剂。在推进剂配方研制过程中通过选择应用这3类原材料来降低高能固体推进剂的感度,满足高能固体推进剂的钝感安全性能。论述了国内外上述3类钝感含能原材料的研究进展。     

新型含能黏合剂研究进展及发展趋势

固体推进剂用的黏合剂多为一种含有活性官能团的高分子液态预聚物,它是构成固体推进剂弹性的基体,是推进剂核心组成中一个关键组分。含能黏合剂因可以改善氧化剂和金属燃烧剂的燃烧环境,释放更多的能量,提高推进剂的性能,近年来备受关注。阐述了近年来国内外在新型含能黏合剂方面的研究进展,对含能黏合剂的发展趋势进行了展望。     

缩水甘油醚硝酸酯合成研究

缩水甘油醚硝酸酯(GN)是合成新型含能黏合剂聚缩水甘油醚硝酸酯(PGN)的单体.介绍了几种合成GN的方法,并对其合成工艺特点进行了简要评述,其中甘油法和N2O5一步硝化法具较好的发展前景.     

新型含能环氧树脂黏合剂

对一种综合性能优良的黏合剂新品种——腙系含能环氧树脂黏合剂的结构、合成和理化性能及其推进剂的比冲、力学性能、热性能、燃烧性能和感度性能进行了综述。     

B-GAP对复合固体推进剂能量性能影响理论研究

提高复合固体推进剂的能量性能的方法之一,是将普通的HTPB黏合剂替换成为含能黏合剂B-GAP.利用最小自由能法,对含能黏合剂B-GAP对复合固体推进剂的能量性能影响进行了理论研究,并计算出应用B-GAP的推进剂的燃烧室平衡温度、喷管出口温度、比冲等能量性能参数,将这些性能参数与丁羟推进剂进行比较,发现均有一定程度的提高...     

2005年10月中国宇航学会固体火箭推进第22届年会论文集（推进剂分册）目录

一、推进剂含纳米铝粉复合固体推进剂的燃烧特性及机理分析(段军鸿等)P1N15类高能低特征推进剂在战术导弹发动机上的应用研究(高凤莲等)P5复合固体推进剂能量特性配方设计专家系统(陈军等)P9一种低温度敏感系数双基推进剂(商黎鹏等)P14某微型发动机装药P-t曲线变异分析(卢拴仓等)P18二氟氨基含能黏合剂合成研究进展(张明权等)P23改性双基低燃速低燃温推进剂催化燃烧与热分解研究(秦能等)P30固体推进剂废药安全销毁技术发展现状(楚华等)P35未来低易损性枪炮用推进剂的发展方向(胡润芝等)P43固体推进剂摩擦感度测试方法研究探讨(王照波等…     

聚叠氮缩水甘油醚的合成与改性研究进展

聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)是国内外重点研究的含能粘合剂之一。该文综述了GAP的合成研究进展,重点介绍了高相对分子质量GAP、支化GAP和等规GAP的合成。针对GAP反应活性低的特点,介绍了GAP的多种端基改性方法。GAP的无规、嵌段共聚物改善了GAP粘合剂的性能,GAP与其他粘合剂的互穿及共混,为GAP在推进剂中的应用提供了广阔前景。引用文献37篇。     

国外ORP含能黏合剂合成与应用进展

端羟基聚乙二醇二硝基氮杂烷酸酯聚合物(ORP)是一类新型含能黏合剂,它含氧量高,能量较高且钝感.概述了ORP的合成及国外近年在战术导弹配方及低特征推进剂等配方中的应用.     

化学推进剂及重要相关原材料发展回顾与展望(续前)

<正>(续2010年第3期第7页)2化学推进剂国外研究进展2.1液体推进剂国外研究进展液体推进剂目前以美国、俄罗斯水平为最高,在大型运载火箭用液体推进剂领域,俄、美、法基本相当;但在巡航导弹、高超声速导     

含1,1–二氨基–2,2–二硝基乙烯推进剂的能量特性参数计算研究

利用国军标方法及CAD系统软件,在标准条件(pc∶p0=70∶1)下,计算了含1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)的各类推进剂的能量特性参数,分析了氧化剂(AP、RDX、CL-20)及黏合剂(HTPB、PET、GAP、PBAMO)等成分对FOX-7推进剂能量特性的影响。结果表明,将AP加入HTPB/FOX-7推进剂配方中取代FOX-7可有效改善氧条件,有利于推进剂能量的提高。在黏合剂含量较低(质量分数<8%)的推进剂体系中,使用惰性黏合剂有利于提高推进剂的能量;而在黏合剂含量较高(质量分数>10%)的推进剂体系中,使用含能黏合剂提高推进剂能量的幅度优于惰性黏合剂,且GAP优于PBAMO。用FOX-7取代NEPE推进剂中的AP,推进剂最大理论比冲可达2 567 N.s/kg。由GAP/FOX-7/RDX组成的无烟推进剂,在很宽的范围内都可以达到2 400 N.s/kg以上的理论比冲值。     

Influence of energetic materials on the energy-output of gun propellants

For the formulation and preparation of gun propellants containing high energetic compounds, methods have been described how to improve the performance. In addition thermodynamic data such as flame temperature, mole number, mean molecular weight, heat of explosion and specific energy were discussed, which are of main influence for the energy-output of energetic materials. In connection with the improvement of performance, a list of components was established, which could be used to increase the energy without increasing the sensitivity of the propellants. At first, the aim was to replace conventional plasticizers by several energetic plasticizers. Taking into account different propellant formulations, the thermodynamic parameters have been calculated which are of interest for improvement of the specific energy. On the other hand, nitramine propellants manufactured at our Institute using different binder systems such as polybutadiene (PB), glycidylazide polymer (GAP) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) have been investigated in a closed bomb in order to evaluate the energy-output and in addition the reaction products by gas analysis. The performance of these LOVA-propellants was discussed in connection with heat of formation, oxygen balance and the kind of polymeric binder system. Finally, energetic compounds such as NTO, CL-20, TNAZ, ANTA and ammonium dinitramide (ADN) have been calculated using the ICT-Thermodynamic Code, in order to assess the energy-output and to be able to discuss a possible improvement of the performance.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Thermal Properties of Poly(glycidyl azide‐r‐3‐azidotetrahydrofuran) as Azido Binder for Solid Rocket Propellants

Azido polymers have been investigated as energetic binders in the area of solid rocket propellants. However, the low temperature mechanical properties of them are not comparable with the traditional propellant binders. In this work, a new kind of azido binder named poly (glycidyl azide‐r‐3‐azidotetrahydrofuran) (PGAAT) was successfully synthesized. The molecular structures of monomers and copolymers were characterized. The sensitivity and thermal properties of the azido binder were studied. The cationic copolymerization of 3‐methylsulfonyloxytetrahydrofuran with ternary cyclic ethers was confirmed. The PGAAT azido binder exhibited attractive features like low glass transition temperature (T_g, −60 °C) and high energy (1798 J/g). The results indicate that the polymer is a suitable candidate binder for the solid rocket propellants.     

Development of Composite Solid Propellant Based on Nitro Functionalized Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene

This paper presents an overview of a modified composite propellant formulation to meet future requirements. The composite propellant mixtures were prepared using nitro functionalized Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (Nitro‐HTPB) as a novel energetic binder and addition of energetic plasticizer. The new propellant formulation was characterized and tested. It was found that the Nitro‐HTPB propellant with and without energetic plasticizer exhibited high solid loading, high density, and reasonable mechanical properties over a wide range of temperatures. It was shown that the burning rate of Nitro‐HTPB propellant is up to 40% faster than that of the HTPB propellant. These results are encouraging and suggest that it should be possible to improve the ballistic performance of popular HTPB propellants through use of the studied Nitro‐HTPB binder.