赣南区域铀成矿特征

归纳总结赣南地区不同类型铀成矿特征,认为赣南铀成矿具有多期、多阶段的特点,提出区域铀成矿控制因素主要为富铀变质岩基底、富铀岩浆岩和断裂构造。     

九龙地区花岗岩地质特征及铀成矿条件

九龙地区位于四川西部地区,大地构造位置属三江弧盆系和巴颜喀拉地块,构造活动较为强烈,岩浆活动频繁,具有多期次、多阶段的特点.该地区的岩体主要岩性有石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩以及黑云正长花岗岩等,其中,以九龙县城以北的放马坪-三岩龙花岗岩体和兰尼巴花岗岩体含铀性最好.本文从区域地质背景、地球化学特征、侵入岩特征,...     

广西北部摩天岭地区铀成矿特征浅析

摩天岭地区铀成矿与岩体风化剥蚀、大气降水、储矿构造闭合性及特定的还原环境密切相关;岩体表层风化剥蚀物和变质岩残留体为铀成矿提供铀源,表层浸取作用使铀从铀源体中浸出,并随大气降水沿构造进入地下,硅质热液活动将成矿流体加热并上升到近地表成矿。从铀源、水源、热源、储矿构造及还原环境等方面对其成矿特征进行了简单叙述,并建立了铀成矿模式。     

粤北地区产铀岩体的铀矿化特征及其成矿机制探讨

粤北地区是中国花岗岩型铀矿最为重要的大型矿聚集区,其主要的产铀花岗岩体是诸广山岩体和贵东岩体,均为多期多阶段的复式岩体,主要以印支期和燕山期的花岗岩为主。粤北地区的铀矿床主要由诸广山的长江铀矿田、澜河铀矿田、鹿井铀矿田和贵东岩体的下庄铀矿田组成,根据铀的成矿特征可分为硅化带型、交点型和碱交代型。粤北地区的铀成矿流体主要来自于地幔,而不是以往认为的花岗岩浆期后热液,铀源主要是粤北产铀岩体的印支期花岗岩。因此在华南开展新一轮铀矿找矿时,跳出以往“沿带找矿”的老思路,聚焦于印支期岩浆作用与铀矿床的关系,并重点关注华南地区可能的地幔柱或热点区域。     

巴什布拉克含铀地沥青铀矿床矿化特征和成矿机理

通过实地和显微镜观察、取样、分析测试等方法,取得大量实际资料,着重研究巴什布拉克矿床铀与石油产区含地沥青铀矿床之间等内在联系,利用所取得的大量数据对地沥青及其铀矿化特征和成矿机理予以讨论,认为巴什布拉克与石油密切相关的大型含地沥青铀矿床为一种既有承压水的层间氧化为主、又有潜水氧化,特别与石油热演化、油气破坏产物地沥青和油气还原（H2、CH4）、热液（水）蚀变、碳酸盐水洗、渗漏与扩散等因素有关的复成因类型。石油含铀和多金属,与其氧化为沥青增加对铀吸附性,以及存在还原性气体具有极强的还原铀能力有关,地沥青既具有在酸性介质中发生吸附铀,又能在弱碱性介质中还原铀的能力。     

粤北花岗岩构造岩浆活动与铀成矿序列

本文是在前人四十多年工作和研究的基础上,利用同位素地质学及其相互关系,将花岗岩地区的构造、岩浆、热液、铀成矿活动进行了排序。本区火山活动之后存在四次酸性、基性岩浆活动;存在早期(150Ma以前)挤压向晚期(140Ma以后)拉张裂陷转化的构造格局;伴随岩浆、构造活动,有两次面状、两次带状碱交代活动;并存在早、晚两期五个阶段的铀成矿作用。     

东秦岭丹凤地区伟晶岩型铀矿矿化特征与成矿模式

伟晶岩型铀矿是北秦岭成矿带东段重要的铀矿类型,本文介绍了该类型铀矿的矿体特征、矿石特征、副矿物特征和年代学特征.铀矿体产于淡色含榴花岗岩体内外接触带伟晶岩脉中,围绕花岗岩体产出,形态复杂,随伟晶岩脉的形态而变化,呈似脉状、透镜状和不规则状,晶质铀矿为最主要的工业矿物.通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得含铀伟晶岩年龄为404.3±1.4 Ma,略晚于淡色含榴花岗岩体年龄,矿岩时差小,显示了岩浆成矿的特征.综合分析表明早泥盆世丹凤地区进入后碰撞构造环境,秦岭岩群发生部分熔融形成富铝含榴花岗质岩浆,随着岩浆结晶分异演化的不断进行,铀元素以U4+形式与O2-结合形成晶质铀矿,在岩体内外接触带黑云母富集部位沉淀成矿.三叠纪后接受长期隆升剥蚀,侵入岩呈岩株出露地表,围绕岩株外带产出的含铀伟晶岩脉,表现为光石沟式铀矿床.随着隆升剥蚀作用的进一步加剧,侵入岩顶部相遭受剥蚀之后以岩基出露地表,在岩体的内接触带不规则形态的含铀伟晶岩出露地表,表现为陈家庄式铀矿床.依据成矿模式,预测伟晶岩型铀矿成矿远景区2片,分别为大毛沟地区和纸房沟地区.      

U-series isotopic composition of kasolite associated with aplite-pegmatite at Jabal Sayid,Hijaz region,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Uranium and thorium isotopic composition of kasolite [Pb(UO₂)SiO₄-(H₂O)] from Jabal Sayid area was determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Secondary electron imaging, back-scattered electron imaging, and energy dispersive spectral scans were used to investigate the mineralogical characteristics of this uranyl mineral phase. Distinct crystal faces and crystal growth of kasolite from the study area confirm mineral precipitation near the surface from the circulating groundwater. The obtained data were used to interpret the mechanism of uranium mobility in Jabal Sayid weathering profile and to construct a tentative model to explain the isotopic evolution of uranium and thorium. This model indicates that (1) uranium was leached at depth, (2) uranyl mineralization was precipitated along fractures and cavities in the host rocks during humid conditions and pluvial periods, (3) preferential leaching of ²³⁴U from uranyl mineralization by recoil processes was continuous indicative of a weakly circulating groundwater, and (4) ²³⁴U-deficiency resulted in isotopic signatures characterized by low ²³⁴U/²³⁸U and high ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U ratios. The modification pattern of these activity ratios suggests that uranyl mineralization of Jabal Sayid, most probably, has been precipitated during the same Late Quaternary pluvial periods responsible for the formation of the corresponding mineralizations in the Eastern Desert of Egypt.     

Earth Fissures in Wadi Najran,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The formation of earth fissures due to groundwater depletion has been reported in many places in North America, Europe, and Asia. Najran Basin is in the southern part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and agricultural activities and other groundwater uses have caused significant groundwater depletion there. The basin recently experienced a sudden appearance of numerous earth fissures. An interdisciplinary study consisting of an evaluation of land-use changes, and hydrological, hydrogeological, and geophysical investigations was conducted to determine the reason for the formation of the earth fissures. The hydrological analysis strongly revealed that the groundwater level is decreasing with time. Groundwater depletion would lead to the accumulation of subsurface stress, causing soil hydro-consolidation which creates the ideal condition for the formation of earth fissures. Electrical resistivity, data indicated that there are anomalies in the profiles, which are most probably due to the presence of subsurface topography, another key factor for the formation of the earth fissures.     

Strain Analysis and Microstructural Investigation of the Jabal Tays Ophiolite Complex,Eastern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

Geotectonics - The present study deals with the Jabal Tays ophiolite area, which was affected by Al Amar-Idsas fault. It is one of the most important tectonic features in the Eastern Arabian...     

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Ediacaran post-collisional Jabal Al-Hassir ring complex,Southern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

The Jabal Al-Hassir ring complex is located between latitudes 19°21′ and 19°42′ N,  and longitudes 42°55′ and 4312′ E, Southern Arabian Shield. It is an alkaline to highly fractionated calc-alkaline granite complex consisting of an inner core of biotite granite followed outward by porphyritic sodic-calcic amphibole (ferrobarroisite) granite. U–Pb zircon geochronology indicates that the Jabal Al-Hassir ring complex was emplaced at ca. 620 Ma. The granites display highly fractionated geochemical features (i.e., Eu/Eu* = 0.05–0.35; enrichment of K, Rb, Th, U, Zr, Hf, Y and REE; depletion of Ta, Nb, Ba, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti). Jabal Al-Hassir granites are post-collisional plutonic rocks and contain abundant microcline perthite and sodic-calcic amphibole, sharing the petrological and chemical features of A₂-type granites. Sr_i values range from 0.70241 to 0.70424, are similar to those expected for magmas extracted from a Neoproterozoic depleted source and much lower than what would be expected, if there was minor involvement of pre-Neoproterozoic continental crust. The geochemical characteristics indicate that their magma was most plausibly represented by partial melting of juvenile lower crust following the collision between East and West Gondwana at the final stage of the Arabian Shield evolution. The data presented in this study are therefore consistent with an intraplate, post-collisional magmatism formed at the beginning of a transition from convergent to extensional tectonics.     

Land degradation risk assessment in Al-Sawda terraces,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Monitoring of soil properties is a significant process and plays an important role about how it can be used sustainably. This study was performed in a local area in Sawda Mountains KSA to map out some soil properties and assess their variability within the area under different land cover. Soil sampling was carried out in four different sites using the grid sampling technique. Ten samples were collected in each location within a 10 by 10 km area; soil was sampled at 0–30-cm depth. The soil samples were air-dried, crushed, and passed through a 2-mm sieve before analyzing it for pH, EC, CaCO₃, organic matter contents, and bulk density. The thematic maps of these characteristics were produced using ArcGIS 10.0 software. Finally, the land degradation was assessed using three factors: soil salinization, compaction, and edibility. The obtained results showed that the high risk of soil compaction, salinization, and erodibility occupied an area 5.6 ha (17.5%), 3.7 ha (11.54%), and 8.1 ha (25.3%), respectively, in the surface soil layer. The land degradation risk in the study area due to salinization was low to high; however, the degree of soil compaction was moderate to very high. The K-factor (soil erodibility) in the area ranged between 0.1 and 0.35 Mg h MJ^?1 mm^?1, and most of the study area was located in moderate to high erodibility classes.     

Diagenetic alterations of the upper Jurassic scleractinian corals,Hanifa Formation,Jabal Al-Abakkayn,central Saudi Arabia

During diagenetic stages, the aragonitic skeletons and the inter/intra-corallite cement of the upper Jurassic corals of Hanifa Formation either dissolved or subjected to diagenetic alterations including cementation, micritization, recrystallization, silicification, dolomitization and dedolomitization. The proposed sequence of diagenetic stages is as follows: early marine diagenesis, early meteoric and mixing zone diagenesis, late meteoric diagenesis, and shallow burial diagenesis. Each stage is characterized by certain diagenetic processes. The source of sulfate solutions for dedolomitization in the studied corals is the dissolved anhydrite deposits of the Arab–Hith Formations, sometime before their erosion. A possible source of silica, needed for the formation of chert and chalcedony, is the sponge spicules dispersed in many carbonates of the Hanifa Formation.