Thermal characterization of synthesized y2O3-CeO2-ZrO2

Fine powders of CeO₂-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Ce-TZP) with and without Y₂O₃ dopants were fabricated through a coprecipitation process. The powder characteristics were evaluated by thermal differential analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectra (IR) and X-ray diffraction. CeO₂ doping reduces the phase transformation temperature and significantly stabilizes the tetragonal phase. IR spectra imply that OH group is not closely related to the formation of metastable tetragonal phase. Size effect may, however, play a role in stabilizing the tetragonal phase. No appreciable distinction between undoped and Y₂O₃-doped Ce-TZP powders was observed in either DTA or TGA thermograms. The DTA thermogram for the alcohol-washed gel exhibits rather complicated exothermic peaks as compared to the as-synthesized coprecipitates. It is argued that this difference is attributed to the interaction between CeO₂ and ethyl alcohol during the fabrication process.     

Pressureless sintering of Y2O3-CeO2-doped sialons

Various sialon materials have been prepared by pressureless sintering at 1775 and 1825 °C using Y₂O₃ and/or Ce0₂ as sintering aids. Constant molar amounts of the oxide mixtures were added in the ratios Y₂O₃/CeO₂: 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 corresponding to 6.0 and 9.25 wt% for the pure Y₂O₃ and pure CeO₂, respectively. Only one of the compositional series reached full density at 1775 °C with cerium replacing yttrium, whereas at 1825 °C all compositional series except one became dense. The samples sintered showed that yttrium but not cerium stabilizes the sialon phase in these ceramics. The dense cerium-sialon ceramics sintered at 1825 °C have as good hardness and indentation fracture toughness as the corresponding yttrium-sialon ceramics, or even higher for the sialon type of materials. For the mixed - sialon materials the hardness decreased as the amount of a sialon phase decreased by increasing cerium-doping.     

Low-temperature ageing map for 3mol% Y2O3-ZrO2

The ageing behaviour of 3mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ at 100–500° C in a water-containing atmosphere was studied. A critical grain size of ～ 0.37 μm and a lower temperature limit of ～80°C for retaining the tetragonal symmetry were deduced from the kinetic study. An “ageing map” constructed on the grain size (G) against ageing temperature (T) plot is proposed to describe the low-temperature ageing behaviour of 3mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂.     

高温等静压烧结Al2O3-ZrO2纳米陶瓷

本工作用化学共沉淀法制备了平均晶粒尺寸约20nm的20mol％Al₂O₃－ZrO₂复合粒体,不含有Y₂O₃作为四方氧化铝的稳定剂．粉体的煅烧温度为750℃,XRD结果表明,粉体中含100％立方氧化锆相,未发现有Al₂O₃结晶相存在．该粉体用高温等静压方法,在1000℃和200MPa的条件下烧结1h,得到了平均晶粒尺寸为50nm（TEM表征）的致密陶瓷,样品密度为理论密度的98％左右．对样品抛光表面的XRD定量分析结果表明,其抛光表面的相组成为：55％t－ZrO₂－39％m-ZrO₂－6％α-Al₂O₃。     

Infrared transmission of sintered 3 mol% Y2O3-ZrO2 gel

Translucent ZrO₂ film was successfully prepared by gelling hydrothermally produced nano-ZrO₂ powders. The film (300 m thick) was found to transmit light to 6.5 m (40% transmission) when sintered at 1200 °C, but transmission was totally lost after sintering at 1300 °C for 1 h. Residual organic material such as urea, which was used for preparing the powder, dominated the transmission of the film in the region between 1.3 and 4.5 m when sintered below 1000 °C. When sintered above 1000 °C, the microstructure controlled the transmission. Both organic residuals and the microstructure of the zirconia were found to determine the transmission in 4.5–6.5 m region.     

Sintering behaviour of (Y2O3-ZrO2 gels)

The sintering behaviour of yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) gels prepared by a sol-gel process has been studied. The YSZ gels in the forms of bulk and film were sintered at various temperatures up to 1300 °C and the crystalline structures and microstructures were examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

Subsolidus,high temperature phase relations in the systems Al2O3-Cr2O3-ZrO2, MgO-Cr2O3-ZrO2 and MgO-Al2O3-ZrO2

In the temperature range 1600 to 1900° C, the system A₂O₃-Cr₂O₃-ZrO₂ is characterized by the coexistence of ZrO₂ (unstablilized) and an (Al, Cr)₂O₃ solid solution series. In the systems MgO-Cr₂O₃-ZrO₂ and MgO-Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ a nearly stoichiometric spinel coexists with both stabilized and unstabilized ZrO₂. At temperatures above 1600°C a new ternary Mg-Al-Zr oxide becomes stable in the MgO-rich part of the MgO-Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ system.     

Mechanical properties and microstructures of co-precipitation derived tetragonal Y2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3 composites

Y-TZP Al₂O₃ specimens (2.5 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ and 5 to 30 wt% Al₂ 03) were prepared from coprecipitated powders and their mechanical properties were studied. The addition of alumina to Y-TZP improves the attainable density of the materials after sintering at 1500° C and reduces the degradation of their densities due to porosity formation when the materials are sintered above 1500° C. Near theoretical density could be achieved for most of the samples after HIPing at 1500° C for 1/2 h at 200 M Pa pressure. The fracture strength of the HIPed specimens was in the range 2.0 to 2.4 GPa and the stress intensity factor was in the range 3.5 to 6.0 MPa m^1/2. The mechanical strength of the materials was not degraded seriously after autoclaving in water at 175° C for 24 h. The surface layer of transformed monoclinic zirconia was less than 70 m thick even after autoclaving at 175° C for 5 days.     

Sintering and compensation effect of donor- and acceptor-codoped 3mol% Y2O3-ZrO2

Addition of 0.15–0.5 mol% acceptor oxide, Al₂O₃, to 3 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ results in enhanced densification at 1350 °C. The enhancement is accounted for by a liquid phase sintering mechanism. The addition of donor oxide, Ta₂O₅, of 0.15–2.5 mol % at 1300–1600 °C results in the destabilization of tetragonal (t-) phase and the decrease of final density in 3 mol% Y₂O₃-TZP (tetragonal ZrO₂ polycrystals). X-ray diffractometry (XRD) reveals that the Ta₂O₅-added 3 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ contains monoclinic (m-) ZrO₂ and a second phase of Ta₂Zr₆O₁₇. The decreasing in final density is attributed to the increase of m-ZrO₂ content. Complete destabilization of t-ZrO₂ to m-ZrO₂ in samples added with 2.5 mol% Ta₂O₅ is interpreted by the compensation effect based on donor- and acceptor-codoping defect chemistry.     

Microstructure and phase composition of ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 materials modified with MgO and Y2O3

This paper presents our findings on phase formation processes during heat treatment of sol-gel synthesis products with the composition (mol %) 65(88ZrO₂ + 12CeO₂) + 35Al₂O₃ modified with 1 mol % MgO or Y₂O₃. The composites modified with 1 mol % MgO have been shown to differ significantly in phase composition from the parent nanopowders. Sintering is accompanied by partial decomposition of the tetragonal zirconia (T-ZrO₂) based solid solution and the formation of a monoclinic zirconia (M-ZrO₂) based solid solution and two aluminum-containing phases: corundum and the mixed oxide MgAl₁₁CeO₁₉. The addition of 1 mol % Y₂O₃ leads to successive formation of T-ZrO₂ and corundum and improvement of their structural perfection. The observed differences in phase formation during heat treatment result in different grain size compositions in the microstructure of the composites.     

Single-crystal Y2O3-ZrO2 rectangular waveguides for ultrahigh-temperature sensing applications

High-quality Y2O3-ZrO2 single-crystal rectangular waveguides have been developed for ultrahigh-temperature sensing applications. Five waveguides, 0.55-1.12 mm wide and 52-65 mm long, were fabricated from a bulky cubic 21.2-mol. % Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 single crystal that had been precisely cut and finely polished. At 900-nm wavelength, the average optical loss of these waveguides is approximately 0.016 dB/cm, which is much lower than that of Y2O3-ZrO2 single-crystal optical fibers grown by the laser-heated pedestal growth method. The tested waveguides survived a temperature higher than 2,300 degrees C, and their mechanical strength and chemical resistance were also acceptable. Experimental results show that these waveguides are promising for ultrahigh-temperature sensing applications.     

EDTA凝胶法制备Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉

用乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA)强的螯合作用 ,制得钇、锆稳定的配位化合物 ,经干燥 ,煅烧研磨后得到Y2 O3-ZrO2 纳米粉。本文研究了母液浓度 (C) ,络合比 (r) ,所处介质溶液的 pH值及煅烧温度 (T)和煅烧时间 (t)对Y2 O3-ZrO2 纳米粉的粒度和结构的影响。pH =5 ,r =2 ,T=60 0℃煅烧条件下制得的Y2 O3-ZrO2 纳米粉粉末粒径约为 10～ 2 0nm     

Thermal barrier coatings from sol-gel-derived spray-grade Y2O3-ZrO2 microspheres

For the development of ceramic thermal barrier coatings, spray-grade yttria-stabilized zirconia microspheres were prepared by the sol-gel technique. Oxide microspheres were obtained by calcination of the corresponding gel spheres at 1000 °C. Scanning electron microscopic and optical microscopic observations revealed the material thus obtained to have a predominantly spherical morphology and the requisite size distribution (5–50 m). The dense, calcined microspheres showed good flowability. X-ray diffraction studies indicated the presence of the tetragonal polymorph of ZrO₂ as the major phase, in addition to about 14% monoclinic ZrO₂. The plasma-sprayed YSZ coatings made from the sol-gel-derived microspheres showed a further decrease in the monoclinic ZrO₂ content (6%). The coatings survived 40–50 thermal cycles (30 min at 1200 °C followed by a water quench), indicating good thermal shock resistance.     

Processing and Properties of Al2O3-ZrO2(3Y)-SiC Nanocomposites

本文研究了非均相沉淀法制备 Al     

Sintering and compensation effect of donor and acceptor codoped 3 mol% Y2O3-ZrO2

Addition of 0.15–0.5 mol% acceptor oxide, Al₂O₃, to 3 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ results in enhanced densification at 1350°C. The enhancement is accounted for by a liquid phase sintering mechanism. While the addition of donor oxide, Ta₂O₅, of 0.15–2.5 mol% at 1300–1600°C results in the decrease of final density and in the destabilization of the tetragonal (t) phase of the 3 mol% Y₂O₃-t-ZrO₂ (TZP). X-ray diffractometry (XRD) reveals that the Ta₂O₅-added 3 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ contains monoclinic (m) ZrO₂ phase and a second Ta₂Zr₆O₁₇ phase. The decrease is attributed to the increase of m-ZrO₂ content in these samples. Complete phase transformation from t-ZrO₂ to m-ZrO₂ observed in samples added with 2.5 mol% Ta₂O₅ is interpreted by the compensation effect based on donor and acceptor codoping defect chemistry.