阳离子脂质体介导基因转染肿瘤细胞

使用基因转运载体运载肿瘤细胞进行转染是基因治疗的关键环节之一。Lipo-fectamine2000和DOTAP作为商品转染试剂,具有较高的转染效率。为了进一步发掘其作为基因转运载体的应用潜力,该文研究了Lipofectamine2000和DOTAP的粒径、Zeta电位及形态,并分别与绿色荧光蛋白基因（pGFP—N2）、荧光素酶基因（pGL3）结合,形成脂质体／DNA复合物,通过载入人喉癌细胞（Hep-2）和人肺癌细胞（NCI—H460）,考察了其转染效率和细胞毒性。结果表明,脂质体Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP都能有效压缩DNA,形成复合物。Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP井目比,转染效率高,与DNA最佳转染比例范围为2：1～4：1。毒性实验显示,在N／P大于3／l时,Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP对癌细胞具有一定的细胞毒性。细胞种类对脂质体的转染效率有很大影响,Lipo—fectamine2000对Hep－2细胞的转染效率比NcI—H460高。     

依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶介导RNA干扰的扩增效应

RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是一种非常高效的基因沉默效应,RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(RNA—de—pendent RNA polymerase,RdRP)介导的扩增作用可能是RNAi具有高效性的一个主要原因。了解RdRP在生物体中存在的证据、RdRP及其复合体的结构、次级siRNA的产生及转移性RNAi的发生机制等问题,对深入理解RNAi的作用机制和促进RNAi的临床应用有重要意义。     

阳离子脂质体介导基因转染的最优化条件

阳离子脂质体介导基因转染的最优化条件王瓞林其谁（中国科学院上海生物化学研究所分子生物学国家重点实验室,上海２０００３１）关键词阳离子脂质体基因转染表达真核细胞阳离子脂质体转染的重要参数有：脂质体浓度和ＤＮＡ的浓度、细胞密度以及脂质体－ＤＮＡ复合物与细...     

基于RNA干扰CMTM7 对肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨基于RNA干扰CMTM7对肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响。方法:选择肺腺癌A549细胞株分为si RNA组、阴性对照组与空白对照组,在对数生长的A549细胞中转染RNA干扰CMTM7载体、脂质体空载体和不进行转染,观察A549细胞的生长、凋亡与细胞周期状况。结果:MTT实验显示si RNA转染组的抑制率明显高于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P0.05),阴性对照组与空白对照组的对比无明显差异(P0.05)。流式细胞术实验表明si RNA转染组的细胞凋亡率明显高于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P0.05),阴性对照组与空白对照组的对比无明显差异(P0.05)。流式细胞术实验表明si RNA转染组的G0/G1期细胞数目较阴性对照组和空白对照组增多明显(P0.05),同时si RNA转染组的S、G2/M期细胞数目较阴性对照组和空白对照组明显减少(P0.05),阴性对照组和空白对照组对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:RNA干扰CMTM7能够促进肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,其作用机制可能通过干扰细胞周期而实现。     

阳离子脂质体介导的基因转染大鼠BM-EPC的研究

目的:探讨阳离子脂质体法对体外分离培养的Sprague-Dawley(SD )大鼠骨髓来源-血管内皮祖细胞(Bone Marrow-Endothelial progenitorcells,BM-EPCs) 进行基因转染时脂质 体和DNA质粒安全有效的剂量组合.方法:体外分离、培养SD大鼠BM-EPCs ;免疫荧光技术测 定CD34、CD133、Dil-acLDL,对细胞进行鉴定;按照正交设计,用不同水平的脂质体和质粒 pEGFP转染细胞;荧光显微镜下计数阳性转染细胞,计算转染率.结果:SD 大鼠BM-EPCs细胞 表面抗原CD133、CD34呈阳性表达并具有吞噬Dil-acLDL的功能,形态学上两种细胞亚型-早 期及晚期外生EPCs共存于其中.Lipofectamine 2000和pEFGP不同剂量组合均可转染大鼠BM -EPCs,其中脂质体5ìl/质粒8ìg时的转染效率高于二者其它剂量组合(P＜0.05). 结论:优化条件后的阳离子脂质体Lipofectamine 2000可安全、有效转染体外分离培养的SD大鼠BM-EPCs.     

慢病毒载体介导的RNA干扰

RNA干扰(RNAinterference)是指由双链RNA分子抑制同源基因的表达。慢病毒载体(lentivirusvector)则是高效的基因转导工具,能将外源序列稳定导入分裂相和非分裂相细胞。将慢病毒载体和RNA干扰结合,能在哺乳动物各类细胞中,特异性抑制同源基因的表达;也是基因功能研究和基因治疗的有力手段。     

胆固醇嵌入式阳离子脂质体运载基因研究

阳离子脂质体是一种有临床应用潜力的抗肿瘤药物递药系统,助类脂能起到稳定双层膜和降低阳性成分毒性的作用,同时提供阳性类脂的细胞渗透功能。为了进一步发掘助类脂的应用潜力,该文采用胆固醇(cholesterol)作为助类脂制备阳离子脂质体,测定了脂质体的粒径及Zeta电位,脂质体的平均粒径为100~140 nm,Zeta电位为45~60 mV。脂质体分别与绿色荧光蛋白基因(pGFP-N2)、荧光素酶基因(pGL3)结合,形成脂质体/DNA复合物,通过载入人喉癌细胞(Hep-2),考察了其转染效率和细胞毒性。结果表明,阳离子类脂与胆固醇以1:1、1:2和1:4摩尔比例混合制备脂质体均能高效转染Hep-2细胞。毒性实验显示,阳离子类脂单独存在时对癌细胞具有一定的细胞毒性,随着胆固醇的加入,脂质体对细胞的毒性明显减小,与商品试剂DOTAP和Lipofectamine 2000相当。     

阳离子脂质体诱导的细胞氧化应激损伤

人工合成制备的阳离子脂质体作为一种重要的基因和药物载体,具有很多优点,但其对细胞的毒性作用机制尚不明确,严重影响其临床应用.该文对阳离子脂质体是否通过诱导细胞产生氧化应激反应,进而导致细胞毒性的相关作用机制进行了研究.实验使用人肺癌细胞(NCI-H460)和人胚肺正常细胞(MRC-5),采用CCK-8法、活性氧簇(RO...     

脂质体介导转染法的原理与应用

脂质体是磷脂分散在水中时形成的脂质双分子层 ,又称为人工生物膜。最初 ,人们只是运用脂质体模拟生物膜 ,研究膜的构造及功能 ,从而发现了膜的融合及内吞作用 ,因而可用作外源物质进入细胞的载体。相对于电穿孔法和磷酸钙共沉淀转染法 ,脂质体介导转染法简便易行 ,成本适中 ,具有较高的转染率和较小的细胞毒性。1 .脂质体的组成和制备1 .1　组成脂质体的脂类　　现有的商业化脂质体均为阳离子脂类与中性脂类的复合体 ,如ＬｉｐｏｆｅｃｔＡＭＩＮＥ、Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ等 ,中性脂类多为二油酰磷脂酰乙醇胺 (ＤＯＰＥ)。其中 ,阳离子脂类…     

用于活体成像的小鼠肺癌移植瘤模型的建立

本研究旨在建立可用于活体成像的小鼠肺癌移植瘤模型。利用脂质体将荧光素酶表达载体pGL4.17(luc2/neo)转染至人非小细胞肺癌细胞株A549,经G418筛选获得稳定表达荧光素酶的细胞克隆。根据体外生物发光情况及细胞的生长特性,从中挑选合适克隆,进行裸鼠皮下接种,SCID鼠尾静脉接种,建立肺癌移植瘤模型。利用活体成像系统监测肿瘤的生长转移情况,并用切片HE染色进一步验证小鼠模型移植瘤的原位成瘤和转移能力。实验结果表明:本研究成功地构建了可用于活体成像的小鼠肺癌移植瘤模型,模型稳定可靠、直观、灵敏,为肿瘤生长转移机制的研究及抗肿瘤药物的研发提供了重要工具。     

用作基因传递系统的阳离子纳米载体的 细胞毒性及其机制研究进展

作为基因治疗中的非病毒基因载体,阳离子纳米载体可通过电荷作用与核酸类药物相结合,具有广阔的应用前景。然而,其细胞毒 性,主要表现为诱导细胞凋亡,限制了其临床开发与应用,也成为阳离子纳米载体研究所关注的重点。揭示和准确评价阳离子纳米载体的 细胞毒性及其机制,将有助于设计和开发更安全、更高效地用于基因传递的阳离子纳米载体。综述常用作基因传递系统的阳离子纳米载体 材料阳离子脂质体、聚乙烯亚胺、多聚赖氨酸、聚苯乙烯纳米粒以及其他阳离子聚合物的细胞毒性及其机制研究进展。     

原子力显微镜研究多西他赛对人肺腺癌A549细胞的作用机制

利用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了化疗药物多西他赛对肺腺癌细胞A549的作用机制。选取了不同浓度多西他赛作用下的A549细胞,观察和分析了多西他赛对A549细胞形貌信息和生物力学特性的影响。结果表明细胞的峰谷差和超微结构的平均粗糙度随着药物浓度增加而减小,表面粘附力随着药物浓度增加而增大。该结果对AFM可作为一种利用纳米量级分辨率进行药物药效评估的工具进行了佐证。     

Cell cycle-specific variation of intracellular plasminogen activator activity in cultured human alveolar epithelial carcinoma and rat hepatoma cells

Plasminogen activator activity was demonstrated in two carcinoma cell lines: A549 cells derived from a human alveolar epithelial carcinoma; and ZHC cells derived from a rat hepatoma. Both cells had intracellular plasminogen activator activity throughout their cell cycles and in each case this activity reached a maximum. For A549 cells the maximal activity took place either during the G2 phase or in the course of the S to G2 transition, suggesting that plasminogen activator might play a role in cell division. For ZHC cells, the maximal activity occurred at the start of the S phase, suggesting that in these cells plasminogen activator might be involved in DNA replication.     

Suitable parameter choice on quantitative morphology of A549 cell in epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Evaluation of morphological changes in cells is an integral part of study on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), however, only a few papers reported the changes in quantitative parameters and no article compared different parameters for demanding better parameters. In the study, the purpose was to investigate suitable parameters for quantitative evaluation of EMT morphological changes. A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line was selected for the study. Some cells were stimulated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for EMT, and other cells were as control without TGF-β1 stimulation. Subsequently, cells were placed in phase contrast microscope and three arbitrary fields were captured and saved with a personal computer. Using the tools of Photoshop software, some cells in an image were selected, segmented out and exchanged into unique hue, and other part in the image was shifted into another unique hue. The cells were calculated with 29 morphological parameters by Image Pro Plus software. A parameter between cells with or without TGF-β1 stimulation was compared statistically and nine parameters were significantly different between them. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of a parameter was described with SPSS software and F-test was used to compare two areas under the curves (AUCs) in Excel. Among them, roundness and radius ratio were the most AUCs and were significant higher than the other parameters. The results provided a new method with quantitative assessment of cell morphology during EMT, and found out two parameters, roundness and radius ratio, as suitable for quantification.     

A pumpless perfusion cell culture cap with two parallel channel layers keeping the flow rate constant

This article presents a novel pumpless perfusion cell culture cap, the gravity‐driven flow rate of which is kept constant by the height difference of two parallel channel layers. Previous pumpless perfusion cell culture systems create a gravity‐driven flow by means of the hydraulic head difference (Δh) between the source reservoir and the drain reservoir. As more media passes from the source reservoir to the drain reservoir, the source media level decreases and the drain media level increases. Thus, previous works based on a gravity‐driven flow were unable to supply a constant flow rate for the perfusion cell culture. However, the proposed perfusion cell culture cap can supply a constant flow rate, because the media level remains unchanged as the media moves laterally through each channel having same media level. In experiments, using the different fluidic resistances, the perfusion cap generated constant flow rates of 871 ± 27 μL h^?1 and 446 ± 11 μL h^?1. The 871 and 446 μL h^?1 flow rates replace the whole 20 mL medium in the petridish with a fresh medium for days 1 and 2, respectively. In the perfusion cell (A549 cell line) culture with the 871 μL h^?1 flow rate, the proposed cap can maintain a lactate concentration of about 2200 nmol mL^?1 and an ammonia concentration of about 3200 nmol mL^?1. Moreover, although the static cell culture maintains cell viability for 5 days, the perfusion cell culture with the 871 μL h^?1 flow rate can maintain cell viability for 9 days. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012