天牛须搜索算法实现小波滤波器直接频域逼近

针对频域法构造小波滤波器方法较少、稳定性无法保证、逼近精度不高等问题,基于天牛须搜索算法提出了一种小波滤波器直接频域逼近方法.首先根据小波滤波器电路的基本要求设计逼近有理式,然后加入电路实现所需的稳定性、正实性和初值为零的约束条件,建立小波滤波器逼近的频域优化模型.再以高斯小波和Marr小波为例,使用天牛须搜索算法求解...     

基于开关电流的Morlet小波变换及重构的实现

首次提出基于开关电流实现Morlet小波变换的方法,该方法为小波变换的快速实现提供了新的途径.基于开关电流双线性积分器采用跳蛙法模拟梯形无源滤波器构造了高斯带通滤波器,从而实现Morlet小波变换及重构滤波器.利用开关电流电路的特性,只需设计一对分解和重构滤波器便可实现二进小波变换,其实现方法简单,有利于制成实用集成芯片.仿真结果证实了其可行性.     

小波变换、神经网络和小波网络的函数逼近能力分析与比较

基于对小波变换和神经网络之间内在联系的分析，利用神经网络不同激励函数的线性组合构造出了相应的小波函数，得出小波函数作为神经网络的激励函数与普通神经网络的激励函数在本质上是一致的结论，并引入了小波网络。通过对小波变换，神经网络和小波网络函数逼近能力的理论分析与比较，认为小波网络在函数逼近方面具有明显的优势，并且分别利用这3种方式对一典型函数进行了仿真逼近的验证。     

谐波检测中小波变换频域特性分析

小波变换作为一种新兴的理论已经在许多领域得到广泛应用,鉴于其良 好的时频特性,有些文献将其应用 于电力系统暂态谐波检测。文中通过分析小波函数的频域 特性,阐明了将其应用于谐波检测时产生误差的 根本原因,最后总结了几种典型小波的频域 特性,指出现有的小波均无法实现谐波的精确测量,必须构造 频域行为良好即分频严格、能 量集中的小波函数,以改善检测的精度。     

基于奇异值分解的分数阶小波综合实现方法

针对现有模拟小波变换实现中存在的不足,提出了一种基于奇异值分解算法的分数阶小波综合实现方法。首先,根据分数阶系统理论和介电松弛特性的Cole-Cole分布函数,构造了一种新的分数阶小波;然后,以线性离散系统的状态空间模型为基础,采用矩阵奇异值分解算法求解出分数阶小波逼近函数;最后,利用多输出开关电流双线性积分器和电流镜作为基本结构单元,设计了冲激响应为分数阶小波逼近函数的多环反馈开关电流小波滤波器。对开关电流分数阶小波滤波器的时域和频域响应以及灵敏度和非理想性进行了仿真与分析,实验结果表明所提出的分数阶小波综合实现方法具有小波逼近算法简单且逼近精度较高、电路灵敏度低和受元件非理性因素影响小等特点。     

连续小波变换的对数模拟滤波器实现

提出了基于对数技术的连续小波变换的模拟滤波器实现方法,通过迭代和函数逼近理论可获得无显式表达式的小波函数的冲激响应。小波变换的滤波器实现电路由冲激响应为小波函数的滤波器组构成,Padé逼近是一种有效的有理逼近,小波函数经Padé逼近后可得到其有理分式逼近,有助于滤波器设计。通过优化滤波器组的状态空间模型确保了电路具有大的动态范围,有利于低压低功耗运用。仿真结果证实了其可行性。     

基于小波包变换预处理的模拟电路故障诊断方法

阐述了利用神经网络进行模拟电路故障诊断的方法 ,并在此基础上提出了一种新的改进方法———基于小波包变换预处理的神经网络故障字典法。这两种方法对于模拟电路故障诊断都是有效的。但是 ,由于基于小波包变换预处理的神经网络故障字典法利用小波包对电路的输出样本进行了预处理 ,所以它比直接采用神经网络故障字典法进行故障诊断所用的神经网络规模小 ,收敛速度快。     

模拟电路故障诊断的小波方法

利用小波与神经网络相结合的方法,将小波作为消噪工具,对信号进行消噪和小波多尺度分解,进行正交和归一化处理后,提取特征信息,作为样本输入神经网络进行分类,提出了模拟电路故障诊断的系统方法.本文详述了其诊断原理及诊断步骤,并给出了诊断实例.     

基于小波变换的谐波电流的实时检测方法

采用小波变换对电力系统中的谐波电流进行滤波 ,实时检测出总谐波电流值的大小 ,其动态性较好 ,可满足有源滤波器的实时检测要求。     

基于提升小波变换和SVM的模拟电路故障诊断

故障特征提取和分类器设计是模拟电路故障诊断的两个重要环节,为了提高模拟电路故障辨识的准确率,提出了提升小波变换与支持向量机相结合的故障诊断方法。根据提升小波变换的原理,提取被测电路单脉冲响应信号的小波系数构成故障特征,建立以支持向量机为分类器的故障诊断系统。该方法对两个滤波器电路的故障诊断取得了满意的效果,在故障模式较多的情况下故障分类的精度达到了99%以上,优于传统的小波方法。     

General rational approximation of Gaussian wavelet series and continuous-time gm-C filter implementation

A general method of rational approximation for Gaussian wavelet series and Gaussian wavelet filter circuit design with simple g_m-C integrators is presented in this work. Firstly, the multiorder derivatives of Gaussian function are analyzed and proved as wavelet base functions. Then a high-accuracy general approximation model of Gaussian wavelet series is constructed, and the transfer function of first-order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter is obtained using quantum differential evolution (QDE) algorithm. Thirdly, as an example, a fifth-order continuous-time analog first-order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter circuit is designed based on multiple loop feedback structure with a simple g_m-C integrator as the basic blocks. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is an excellent way for the wavelet transform implementation. The designed first-order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter circuit operates from a 0.53-V supply voltage and a bias current 2.5 nA. The power dissipation of the wavelet filter circuit at the basic scale is 41.1 nW. Moreover, the high-accuracy QRS detection based on the designed wavelet filter has been validated in application analysis.     

Direct analysis and synthesis of multiphase switched-current networks using signal-flow graphs

A by-inspection analysis and synthesis method for multiphase switched-current (SI) circuits using signal-flow graph (SFG) techniques is presented. The SFG is derived on the transistor level and the method is primarily useful for the hand analysis and design of small and medium-size SI circuits (e.g. SI filters, decimators, interpolators). Tables of commonly used SI circuits, in which the corresponding SFGs and circuits are given, make the derivation easy and fast. From the SFGs, not only the overall discrete-time transfer function, but also those in-between individual switching phases, are obtainable. With the proposed method it is straightforward to include non-ideal effects, such as finite output resistance of MOS transistors, clock-feedthrough and settling error. The method is also a useful tool for the synthesis of new SI circuits. It is shown that every low-sensitivity switched-capacitor (SC) circuit can be mapped directly into a low-sensitivity SI circuit with a corresponding topology. Examples of transformed SC circuits are given and two new double sampling integrators are introduced. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fault macromodel for switches in switched-current circuits

Based on possible defects on the layout of a practical non-ideal switch, fault model and test generation of current copiers, basic building block of switched-current circuits, are presented in this study, where we consider two types of switches, current switches and voltage switches, which have been commonly used in both switched-current circuits and switched-capacitor circuits. Both catastrophic and parametric faults of transistors used as switches are considered. Test sequences are proposed to achieve full testability of both current copiers and switched-current circuits. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Square‐root domain linear transformation filters

A new systematic method for designing square‐root domain (SRD) linear transformation (LT) filter is introduced in this paper. For this purpose, a substitution table containing the SRD LT equivalent of each passive element has been introduced. The proposed equivalents have been realized by employing appropriate SRD building blocks with low‐voltage operation capability. As a design example, a 3rd‐order SRD LT filter has been realized and its performance has been evaluated through simulation results. In addition, the most important performance factors of the SRD filter have been compared with those achieved by the SRD filters derived according to the leapfrog, wave, and topological emulation methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A general tool for circuit analysis based on wavelet transform

This paper deals with a generalized method for the time‐domain solution of electrical networks. The aim is to explore a new technique for the numerical simulation of circuits considering linear, time‐varying and non‐linear cases. By using the wavelet transform of the electrical quantities, differentiation and integration in the time domain are replaced by matrix multiplication. Then, the classical circuit differential equations obtained by mesh‐current, node‐voltage or state variables methods are transformed in algebraic equations. The numerical efficiency of wavelets makes the method effective for a fast and reliable numerical circuit simulation. Comparisons with analytical solutions and PSPICE simulations are presented in order to evaluate the numerical characteristics of the proposed method. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Log‐domain linear transformation filters revised: improved building blocks and comparison results

A method for designing high‐order log‐domain filters has already been proposed in the literature based on the concept of the classical linear transformation (LT) filters. For this purpose, a substitution table containing the log‐domain LT equivalent of each passive element has been introduced. Drawbacks of the log‐domain filter topologies derived according to this table are the following: (a) a dc offset current appears at the output of all pole filters and (b) dc instability is observed in the case of the substitution of LC resonators. In addition, an alternative technique already proposed for simulating filters with LC resonators is valid only under small‐signal conditions. In order to overcome the aforementioned problems, new log‐domain LT equivalents of a number of passive elements are introduced in this paper. The correct operation of the novel blocks has been verified through simulation results. Also, a comparison concerning the behaviour of the log‐domain LT filters and that of the filters derived according to the leapfrog and the wave methods has also been performed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Evaluation of noise filter characteristics by discrete wavelet transformation

In this paper, the authors propose a wavelet analysis technique to evaluate the noise filtering characteristics of filters. To analyze noise problems, many people have used Fourier analysis. But the Fourier spectrum reveals only frequency information. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain noise waveforms from the Fourier spectrum. To overcome this difficulty, we have employed the wavelet analysis technique. Wavelet analysis makes it possible to get time domain as well as frequency domain information. It is shown that wavelet analysis is a promising methodology for noise filter characteristic evaluation. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(3): 1–8, 1997     

小波变换在频率步进雷达-维距离像中的应用

由于小波变换是一种局部细化分析，它能对短时信号做比较精细的分析，在高分辨、超宽带雷达信号处理方面具有广泛的应用前景。在频率步进雷达一维距离成像技术中，经典的傅里叶变换算法受到距离分辨率的限制，并且存在较高的副瓣电平。针对这一问题，本文提出将连续小波变换算法用于频率步进雷达的一维距离成像。该方法在保持高距离分辨率的同时，可有效降低回波信号的副瓣电平。     

小波变换在频率步进雷达一维距离像中的应用

由于小波变换是一种局部细化分析,它能对短时信号做比较精细的分析,在高分辨、超宽带雷达信号处理方面具有广泛的应用前景.在频率步进雷达一维距离成像技术中,经典的傅里叶变换算法受到距离分辨率的限制,并且存在较高的副瓣电平.针对这一问题,本文提出将连续小波变换算法用于频率步进雷达的一维距离成像.该方法在保持高距离分辨率的同时,可有效降低回波信号的副瓣电平.