光子晶体光纤模式特性分析

通过引入包层有效折射率的概念定义了光子晶体光纤中模式激发的判断条件；使用有限元法精确求得了光子晶体光纤的包层有效折射率和有效模折射率的数值解；给出了不同波长的光在不同结构光子晶体光纤中的模场分布，其结果与实验图样一致。     

PPCF切割机控制系统设计

塑料光子晶体光纤(PPCF)同时兼有塑料光纤和光子晶体光纤的优点,很可能成为短距离、中小容量光纤通信系统的首选传输媒质.端面的制备成为其应用的一个瓶颈.在分析聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料的物理特性基础上,对PPCF的端面制备工艺,尤其是切割法,进行了详细论述.采用单片机精确控制切割机的温度,利用步进电机准确控制刀的速度,制造出集成度高、价格低廉、性能优良的PPCF切割机,切割出理想的光纤端面.     

光子晶体光纤的矢量有效折射率分析方法

由于具有复杂的折射率分布，光子晶体光纤一般需要采用数值方法进行研究。有效折射率方法最早用来研究光子晶体光纤的模式特征及其色散特性，但是一般采用标量近似的方法。建立了研究光子晶体光纤的矢量有效折射率方法，并用于计算光子晶体光纤的色散常数。类比于阶跃型折射率光纤，只需将电磁场所满足的相应的贝塞尔函数代入阶跃型折射率光纤所满足的矢量特征方程即可求解光子晶体光纤包层的有效折射率。采用矢量有效折射率方法的计算结果与基于有限元方法求解的数值结果和测量结果吻合得更好。     

高折射率纤芯光子晶体光纤的特性研究

在二氧化硅中掺入适量GeO2可增大折射率，用其作为光子晶体光纤的纤芯时易于将光场捕获在纤芯中，形成稳定的传输模式。本文通过有限差分法数值解亥姆霍兹方程，研究了空气孔呈三角形典型结构排列的光子晶体光纤的特性．当纤芯及空气孔的大小都相同时，纤芯掺杂比例越高，光子晶体光纤的有效折射率就越高，色散则会向负向增长。此外，在这种高折射纤芯的光子晶体光纤中，当纤芯的大小及折射率均固定仅增大周围空气孔时，光子晶体光纤的色散增大，有效折射率趋于降低，模场有效面积也趋于减小。     

高折射率芯Bragg光纤的模式特征

应用平面波法得到了Bragg光纤中光子能带结构：应用全矢量模型分析了高折射率芯Bragg光纤中的模式。研究结果表明，高折射率芯Bragg光纤巾的模式可以通过全反射和光子禁带效应两种机制进行传输；由于光纤包层巾多层介质结构及高折射率对比的引入，Bragg光纤具有与阶跃光纤不同的新颖传输特性。作为例子，设计了在800nm附近色散平坦的Bragg光纤。     

大尺寸气孔微结构光纤在光纤光栅中的应用

将微结构光纤分为光子晶体光纤和大尺寸气孔微结构光纤两种。详细介绍了大尺寸气孔微结构光纤。其包层的气孔硅结构（或者聚合物硅结构）影响了包层模式的空间分布以及包层模式的有效折射率，使其表现出与传统光纤不同的光学特性。基于这种微结构光纤的光纤光栅对外部折射率的变化显示了很好的稳定性。偏振特性（对长周期光纤光栅）可以大大加强。基于聚合物硅包层的长周期光纤光栅显示了优良的温度调谐性能。     

基于空心光纤多模干涉的折射率传感器研究

基于空心光纤(HF)多模干涉原理提出一种新颖光纤折射率传感器,实现了对环境溶液折射率的测量。这种光纤折射率传感器不仅制作简单、成本低廉,而且为波长编码、抗干扰性好。实验表明,这种光纤折射率传感器其有效传感范围为1.333～1.450,并且当溶液折射率小于1.40时,特征波长与折射率近似呈线性关系,灵敏度为88.07 nm。针对相同折射率不同溶质的溶液,传感器出射光谱能量差异表明,该结构的光纤传感器在物质检测方面有着潜在的应用。     

光致折变Taper光纤耦合器的耦合波分析

研究利用光纤中光致折变效应研制的光纤波导折射率沿轴向渐变的Ｔａｐｅｒ器件的模式耦合特性．在标量场近似下，用本地模表示的方法分析在阶梯折射率分布光纤和平方律折射率光纤的轴向折射率渐变过渡结构中传输的基模向反向散射模和高价模的耦合。对阶梯折射李光纤两种不同折射率Ｔａｒｅｒ结构的数值计算结果表明：在折射率变化相对缓慢情况下，这种折射率Ｔａｐｅｒ耦合器的基模反向散射和向高阶模的耦合都很小；基模能够自适应地调节以适应波导折射率的渐变，具有优良的传输性能．     

负折射率介质光子晶体光纤带隙结构的研究

提出了一种新型结构的负折射率介质光子晶体光纤，采用平面波法（PWM）分析了这种光子晶体光纤的带隙结构，研究了负折射率变化与负正折射率介质比变化对光子带隙结构的影响。分析结果表明，负折射率介质的光子晶体光纤的带隙数量和宽度随折射率和介质比变化而变化。取负折射率值为-1．5、负正介质填充比为0．88、空气孔间距为2．6um时，可得到多条带隙和较大的带隙宽度，实现PBG导光的波长范围为1225nm-4084nm。     

光子带隙型光子晶体光纤温度传感特性分析

为了提高光子带隙型光子晶体光纤的温度灵敏度,提出了在纤芯环上并入高折射率液体圆柱的新结构,并利用全矢量有限元法对提出的结构进行了仿真,得到了温度对光纤有效折射率、纤芯能量和有效模面积等传输特性的影响。结果表明,随着温度的升高,光纤的有效折射率和有效模面积会减小,纤芯能量会增加,且零群速率色散点向短波长方向移动,尤其在短波长条件下光纤传输特性随温度变化趋势更加明显。该研究提高了光子带隙型光子晶体光纤传输特性的温度灵敏度,使其更加适合于温度传感方面的应用。     

Modal cutoff in rare-earth-doped photonic crystal fibers with multi-layer air-holes missing in the core

The various mode effective indices of the doped photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are compared, the mode field distributions of the fundamental mode and the second-order mode are analyzed, and the single-mode condition is presented. The mode effective indices of large-core doped PCFs with different core indices and structure parameters are simulated by the finite element method (FEM). The relations of the core index with the fiber structure parameters of pitch, hole-to-pitch ratio and core diameter are obtained for single-mode propagation. In the design and fabrication of the doped PCF, we can adjust the core index and fiber structure parameters to achieve large mode area and single-mode propagation.     

Design of large-core single-mode Yb3+-doped photonic crystal fiber

The effective index of the cladding fundamental space-filling mode in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is simulated by the effective index method. The variation of the effective index with the structure parameters of the fiber is achieved. For the first time, the relations of the V parameter of Yb3+-doped PCF with the refractive index of core and the structure parameters of the fiber are provided. the single-mode characteristics of large-core Yb3+-doped photonic crystal fibers with 7 and 19 missing air holes in the core are analyzed. The large-core single-mode Yb3+-doped photonic crystal fibers with core diameters of 50 μm, 100 μm and 150 μm are designed. The results provide theory instruction for the design and fabrication of fiber.     

Slow-wave electrode for use in compound semiconductor electroopticmodulators

A slow-wave electrode structure for integrated optic traveling-wave modulators in which the microwave's effective refractive index is matched to the optical wave's effective refractive index is described. The electrode structure is a capacitively loaded coplanar strip waveguide which can be formed in a single layer of metallization. Fabrication can be accomplished by a single photo-resist patterning, followed by an etching and a standard lift-off technique. Based on the use of gallium arsenide substrates and modern lithographic techniques allowing fabrication with micron scale resolution, slow-wave electrodes having a microwave effective refractive index of 3.5, as well as 50 and 75 Ω characteristic impedances are proposed. The theory of slow-wave electrodes is developed, and slow-wave electrodes have been designed, fabricated, and tested to verify the theory. Measurement results are found to agree well with the theory     

Analysis of stripe multilayer waveguides with effective index andfinite element methods

An algorithm for a fast and accurate analysis of stripe multiple quantum well (MQW) waveguides is presented. The technique is based on the combination of effective index and finite element methods. The stripe MQW structure is replaced by an equivalent planar waveguide, using the effective index method to derive the (refractive index) profile of the planar guide from the original problem. The propagation constants and field intensity profiles of E_mn^X and E_mn^Y modes for the equivalent structure are then calculated with the one-dimensional finite element method. The results obtained with this technique are presented for both symmetric and asymmetric stripe MQW structures with an arbitrary number of wells. Propagation characteristics obtained for a six-well MQW waveguide are in good agreement with those evaluated (for comparison) using full two-dimensional finite element analysis     

The effect of device geometry on lateral mode content of stripe geometry lasers

The dielectric profile of stripe geometry injection lasers is modeled with an objective of structure design requirements for fundamental lateral mode operation. Heterostructure lasers are modeled with a dielectric step profile using an effective dielectric discontinuity based on the gain/loss profile of the active layer as well as the overall geometrical structure. The analysis provides a quantitative comparison of the performance of two important double-heterostructure lasers: 1) the oxide-stripe geometry laser and 2) the channeled-substrate planar (CSP) laser. Modes of oxide-stripe lasers have lateral gain confinement, whereas, modes of CSP devices have strong lateral index confinement. To isolate the influence of geometry on the effective dielectric profile we assume that the real refractive index of the active layer is position independent. Resulting calculations show that a stripe geometry laser inherently has a depressed effective index in the active region below the metallic contact. This phenomenon alone produces index anti-guiding. In actual devices, both geometry and free carrier injection into the active region produce lateral index antiguiding. Lateral mode cut-off conditions are calculated as functions of the effective complex dielectric step and the stripe width. The results show that cutoff is related in a unique fashion to the ratio of the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric step; the ratio is positive for index guided modes and negative for gain guided ones.     

Propagation characteristics of six-core photonic liquid crystal fibers

We demonstrate a new kind of multi-core photonic liquid crystal fibers (PLCFs) which have six liquid crystal cores arrayed in the ring-type geometry and separated by the air holes. Through analyzing the structure of this kind of PLCFs, it can be found that they have the ability to resist the structure deformation. Due to the effective index of the liquid crystal can be adjusted by temperature and wavelength, the energy in the six liquid crystal cores is increased with the temperature increasing and wavelength decreasing. The effective index of the PLCFs is decreased, the effective fundamental mode area is increased and the dispersion properties are gently affected with the wavelength increasing and temperature decreasing.     

玻璃波导有效折射率的原位测量（特邀）

飞秒激光直写玻璃波导是快速制备三维集成光子芯片的一种重要手段,波导有效折射率的准确测量对于设计光子器件意义重大。设计并制备了一种断臂马赫-曾德尔干涉仪（MZI）结构对玻璃波导有效折射率进行原位精密测量。激光在断线区域和波导内的有效折射率不同,在传输相同长度下产生一定的相位差,最终导致不同的干涉结果。对断臂MZI结构的相位干涉结果进行处理,得到激光直写玻璃波导的有效折射率为1.504+7.7×10?4。利用RSOFT软件光束传播算法对器件进行模拟仿真,仿真结果与实验吻合良好。该精确测量玻璃波导有效折射率的方法对于提升光子芯片设计与制造能力具有重要意义。     

Continuously tunable organic solid-state DFB laser utilizing molecular reorientation in molecular glasses

We report a facile way for continuously tuning the lasing wavelength of an organic thin-film distributed feedback (DFB) laser after device fabrication by varying the effective refractive index seen by the one-dimension DFB laser structure. Varying the effective refractive indices of the organic gain medium and thus the effective refractive index of a one-dimension DFB laser structure after device fabrication is made possible with reorientation of molecules in a molecular glass at elevated temperatures. Distributions of molecular orientations can be fine controlled by annealing temperatures and times, permitting continuous tuning of optical properties and lasing wavelengths. Molecular reorientation can be conducted after devices are made, thus giving one the freedom to set or tune the lasing wavelength to meet a particular purpose with a common structure.     

掩埋弯月形InGaAsP/InP激光器稳态特性研究

本文对掩埋弯月形InGaAsP/InP激光器的稳态特性作了数值计算和理论分析。对有源层栽流子浓度分布的剖面形状给予解释,并分析了结构参数对激光器阈值电流的影响。计算结果和实验符合较好。