AZ91D镁合金等离子束重熔组织与性能

利用高能等离子束对AZ91D镁合金表面进行快速加热重熔处理,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、电子探针等对重熔层的物相、组织结构和成分进行分析,通过摩擦和拉伸试验研究重熔层的耐磨性和强度。结果表明:等离子束重熔层的晶粒得到高度细化,晶粒为细小的等轴晶粒,尺寸为1～2μm;物相组成仍然为α-Mg+β-Mg17Al12,但α-Mg相减少,β-Mg17Al12增加,且β-Mg17Al12相的分布更加均匀弥散;重熔层深度与等离子束的电流大小有关,电流越大,熔凝层越深;重熔层的显微硬度(105～125 HV0.1)明显高于基体的显微硬度(60～70 HV0.1),拉伸断口细致,有塑性变形痕迹以及由细小均匀韧窝组成的纤维状的撕裂痕,也有明显的晶粒拔出痕迹,等离子重熔处理有利于提高AZ91D镁合金的表面耐磨性和强度。     

AZ91D镁合金表面覆铝的显微组织及性能

在大气环境中、恒定压力作用下,使用镁铝共晶合金粉末作为连接剂在AZ91D镁合金表面进行覆铝处理.利用扫描电子显微镜分析了铝箔与镁合金结合界面的显微组织结构,通过电化学腐蚀试验及球盘磨损试验对覆铝试样表面的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性进行了测试.结果表明,结合界面由Al_3Mg_2层、Mg_(17)Al_(12)层、镁铝共晶层、镁铝锌化合物层组成,覆铝后试样的耐蚀性、耐磨性较AZ91D镁合金均有提高.     

AZ91D镁合金表面激光重熔Al-Si-Cu涂层的性能

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Al-Si-Cu合金涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了涂层的微观组织、显微硬度与摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,激光重熔后涂层组织致密均匀,涂层与基体呈良好的冶金结合,涂层显微硬度约为基体的2.2倍,由于晶粒细化和硬质相的存在耐磨性较基体明显提高,重熔层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损。     

在线固溶及离线热处理对压铸AZ91D镁合金组织及硬度的影响(英文)

研究在线固溶处理、离线固溶处理和时效处理对压铸AZ91D镁合金组织及硬度的影响。结果表明:在线淬火和离线时效处理可提高压铸AZ91D合金的布氏硬度,但是离线固溶处理使合金的硬度下降。通过X射线物相分析、光学显微组织分析、差热分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析,发现在线固溶和时效处理后合金的组织与压铸AZ91D的基本相同,仍由α-Mg及β-Al12Mg17组成。在压铸镁合金冷却过程中,在线固溶处理使温度急剧降低从而阻止了β-Al12Mg17相的继续析出,增强了Al元素固溶强化的效果。时效处理后,Al12Mg17从Mg的过饱和固溶体中析出并细化组织,改善了细晶强化的效果。离线的固溶处理使Al12Mg17分解,导致其固溶强化效果得到增强但是晶界强化相大幅度减少,从而使合金的硬度降低。     

AZ91D镁合金遗传性研究

选择3个厂家生产的镁合金锭作为原料,分别将它们重熔,分析不同厂家的镁合金重熔前后的组织,以及利用回炉料生产的镁合金的组织.结果表明,镁合金重熔和添加回炉料后的组织与性能,同对应的原料组织基本相同或非常相近,具有明显的遗传性.镁合金在熔化过程中,存在的近程有序的原子集团具有和原料组织结构相同或相近的特性,合金液中的团簇(遗传因子)理论能够恰当地解释镁合金的遗传性.     

加热工艺对AZ91D镁合金部分重熔组织的影响

提出半固态金属坯料先在液相线以上温度适当加热再降低温度至两相区温度继续等温保温的二次加热工艺。采用该工艺对晶粒细化AZ91D镁合金坯料进行部分重熔,研究了其组织演变规律,并与等温二次加热工艺进行比较。结果表明,与等温二次加热工艺相比,坯料先在液相线以上温度适当加热再降低温度至两相区温度继续保温,坯料重熔速度明显加快,相同加热时间时,晶粒更加细小和圆整。组织演变机理分析表明,加快液相形成速度可适当抑制晶粒的合并,降低晶粒长大速度,并促进晶粒球化。     

热处理工艺对AZ91镁合金组织与性能的影响

通过对AZ91镁合金进行不同工艺的固溶处理和时效处理,研究了热处理工艺对AZ91镁合金显微组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,固溶和时效处理可以明显提高AZ91镁合金的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。分级固溶处理可使AZ91镁合金的抗拉强度提高27 MPa,-20℃冲击吸收功增加10 J,腐蚀电位正移196 mV。     

镁合金AZ91HP表面激光重熔Al2O3涂层的组织及性能

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在AZ91HP镁合金表面制备了Al2O3陶瓷涂层.结果表明,由于受激光作用区温度场分布、陶瓷材料热物性参数和涂层厚度等因素的综合影响,激光重熔Al2O3涂层呈现出明显的分层结构特征.依据组织结构不同,可将其分为:由α-Al2O3柱状晶构成的表面熔凝区、具有团絮状形貌特征的烧结区以及保持原喷涂态结构特征的残留等离子喷涂层.由于激光重熔陶瓷涂层表面单相α-Al2O3柱状晶的形成,使其硬度及耐磨、耐蚀性均明显优于等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层和原始镁合金.     

固溶处理对AZ91D镁合金挤压管件组织和性能影响

研究了不同状态坯料及热处理工艺对挤压成形AZ91D合金管件组织性能的影响。结果表明,坯料的各种预处理状态对待压成形管件的组织和力学性能均有不同程度的影响,无论镁锭经过什么预处理,挤压成形的管件经固溶处理后．水冷的力学性能要高于空冷的力学性能;而经固溶加时效处理后则相反,水冷时效之后的力学性能普遍比经过空冷时效的力学性能低。     

脉冲电场下制备AZ91D镁合金部分重熔过程的组织演变

研究利用低压脉冲电场技术制备的AZ91D镁合金在部分重熔过程中的组织演变,考察加热温度和保温时间对不同脉冲电压制备的AZ91D合金初生相形态和尺寸的影响。结果表明:经低压脉冲电场处理后,将AZ91D镁合金进行部分重熔可得到非枝晶的半固态合金,随坯料制备的脉冲电压增加,重熔时初生相变得圆整且尺寸减小,但制备坯料的脉冲电压过高,重熔时初生相尺寸有所增加;脉冲电场处理后的AZ91D镁合金坯料经适当的部分重熔处理可获得具备触变过程所需要的组织状态。     

Corrosion and wear properties of electroless Ni-P plating layer on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A direct electroless Ni-P plating treatment was applied to AZ91D magnesium alloy for improving its corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Corrosion resistance of the Ni-P coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization and immersing experiments in 3.5% NaCl solution. The wear resistance of the coatings was investigated by the wear track and the mass change after ball-on-disk experiment. The results show that corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the AZ91D alloy are greatly improved after direct electroless Ni-P plating. No discoloration is noticed until 4 d of immersion in 3.5% NaC1 solution. Potentiodynamic polarization experiments show that the free corrosion potential of magnesium alloy is shifted from -1 500 mV to -250 mV and passivation occurs at 1 350 mV after direct electroless plating. The friction coefficients and wear rates of Ni-P coating and Ni-P coating after tempering are 0.10-0.351, 9.038×10^-3 mm^3/m and 0.13-0.177, 3.056×10^-4 mm^3/m, respectively, at a load of 1.5 N with dry sliding. Although minor hurt on corrosion resistance was caused, significant improvement of wear resistance was obtained after tempering treatment of the coating.     

Microstructure and properties of oxalate conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

The oxalate coating formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy by chemical conversion treatment methods in oxalate salt solutions was investigated. The surface morphologies and chemical composition of coating were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization curves and salt spray tests were employed to evaluate corrosion protection of the coating to substrate in 5% NaCl solution. The mechanism of coating formations was also considered in details. The results indicate that a compact and dense surface morphology with fine particle clusters of the oxalate coating on magnesium alloy is presented, which mainly consists of oxide or/and organic of Mg, Al and Zn. And the anti-corrosion of the magnesium after oxalate conversion treatment is better than that of the magnesium substrate. The results of salt spray test for oxalate coating is evaluated as Grade 9 according to ASTM B117. The electric resistance of oxalate chemical conversion coating to substrate is below 0.1 Ω.     

AZ91D镁合金化学复合镀Ni-P-ZrO2的工艺与性能

对镁合金传统化学镀工艺进行了改进,避免了使用氢氟酸和六价铬等有毒物质。采用化学镀与化学复合镀相结合方法,在AZ91D镁合金上获得了Ni-P-ZrO2纳米化学复合镀层,并研究了新工艺化学镀前处理和镍沉积机理及复合镀层的结构和性能。结果表明:新工艺方法获得的Ni-P镀层更均匀、致密,耐蚀性优于传统工艺化学镀层;Ni-P-ZrO2复合镀层与AZ91D合金基体在3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线对比表明,该复合镀层对镁合金可以起到明显的保护作用;从磨损实验结果可见,Ni-P镀层的磨损质量损失率几乎为Ni-P-ZrO2镀层的3倍,说明ZrO2纳米粉的加入能改善镀层的耐磨性。     

Influence of pH values on electroless Ni-P-SiC plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A novel Ni-P-SiC composite coating was prepared by electroless plating in order to improve the corrosion capacity and wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy. The influence of pH values on deposition rates and properties of the coatings was studied. The microstructure and phase structure of the Ni-P-SiC coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The corrosion and wear resistance performances of the coatings were also investigated through electrochemical technique and pin-on-disk tribometer, respectively. The results indicate that the composite coating is composed of Ni, P and SiC. It exhibits an amorphous structure and good adhesion to the substrate. The coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate. The composite coating obtained at pH value of 5.2 possesses optimal integrated properties, which shows similar corrosion resistance and ascendant wear resistance properties to the substrate.     

Electroless nickel-plating on die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D

Electroless nickel-plating on die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D was investigated. Growth of the electroless nickel-plating coating was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion resistance of the coating was evaluated by open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization curves in 3.5% （mass fraction） NaC1 solution. The results show that plating deposition is initiated on the crevices and then spread onto primary a phase. The corrosion potentials for die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D and nickel-plating coating are about -1.45 V and -0.36 V （vs. SCE）, respectively. No discoloration, cracks, blisters, or peeling appear by heat-quench test. The results show that the corrosion potential of Ni-P coating is increased by 1 000 mV and corrosion resistance for die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D is improved. The adhesion between the coating and the substrate is excellent. Electroless nickel plating is a promising method to enhance magnesium alloys resistance for attacking.     

镁合金表面电弧喷铝层的微观结构及界面分析

为获得性能优良的镁合金表面复合涂层,用自动送进的双铝丝做两个电极产生电弧,用压缩空气把熔化的铝熔滴喷到AZ91D镁合金表面,形成镁铝复合涂层。通过选用不同电压和气压进行喷涂试验,分析其对涂层组织性能的影响规律,找出最佳工艺参数。利用现代分析手段研究涂层的微观结构及界面特点,并通过测定涂层电极电位和盐雾试验分析涂层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,一定的电压和气压条件可使涂层致密,界面有新生组织,涂层中产生了小于50nm的纳米级晶团束和微米级层片状双重结构,涂层耐腐蚀性能明显优于镁合金基体。     

电解质对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化的影响

在Na2SiO3和NaAlO2为主成膜剂的硅铝复合电解液中,利用交流脉冲电源对AZ91D镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,研究主成膜剂含量的变化对微弧氧化过程及膜层特性的影响规律。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和膜层测厚仪分别研究了膜层的微观形貌和膜层厚度,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试膜层在3.5%NaCl中性溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,随着主成膜剂含量的增加,微弧氧化过程中起弧电压和终止电压均呈下降的变化趋势,而膜层耐蚀性则基本呈先增大后降低的变化趋势,膜厚的变化趋势与其耐蚀性一致;Na2SiO3含量的变化对膜层内部致密层和外部疏松层的耐蚀性均有影响,而NaAlO2含量的变化则主要影响膜层内部致密层的耐蚀性;适量的主成膜剂含量是获得致密耐蚀膜层的关键。