丙烯酸系聚合物在银盐感光材料上的应用

丙烯酸系聚合物是当夸国内外研究和应用开发较迅速的高分子材料，它在纺织、印染、造纸、皮革、涂料、建材、粘合剂、石油化工和电子化工等行业得到广泛的使用，已成为化工产品中后起之秀。丙烯酸系聚合物由于具有一些特殊的优良性能，如聚合物     

高分子敏感材料及其应用

叙述了高分子敏感材料的物理、化学特征及制造方法,阐述了在各个领域的应用情况。     

双氰基二苯代乙烯型双光子荧光温度敏感探针

对二甲苯分别经过亲电取代、亲核取代、α-位溴代和亲核取代消除反应得到1,4-二氰基-2-甲基-5-(二乙基磷酰基甲基)苯(Ⅴ);咔唑经过亲核取代反应得到中间体4-(9-咔唑基)-苯甲醛(Ⅶ);中间体Ⅴ与Ⅶ经维蒂希-霍纳尔反应得到目标化合物2,5-二氰基-4-甲基-4′-(9-咔唑基)二苯乙烯(供体-π-受体,D-π-A)(SP),反应总产率达45.5%。SP的溶剂生色范围由412 nm(环己烷)红移至541 nm(二甲基亚砜)(最大发射波长),SP具有非常大的双光子吸收截面(δ_TPA=6930 GM)和高的荧光量子产率[Φ=0.992(环己烷)],其荧光强度对溶剂极性和温度显示很强的依赖性。在单光子荧光发射(OPE)和双光子荧光发射(TPE)谱图中,SP的单、双光子荧光发射强度与温度之间的线性相关系数(R²)均>0.998,表达式分别为I_F=–0.0141θ+1.2881(OPE)和I_F=–0.0143θ+1.2698(TPE)[I_F为荧光强度,θ为温度(℃)]。     

敏感陶瓷材料的制备及展望

本综合介绍了几种主要敏感陶瓷材料及元器件的制备和发展概况。比较了几种陶瓷超微粉料制备技术的优劣。并展望了敏感陶瓷的未来发展方向。     

几种半导体气敏陶瓷材料的发展概况

本文综合介绍了几种主要气敏陶瓷材料及元件的发展概况，并分析了它们的发展趋势。     

Double Network Glycerol Gel: A Robust,Highly Sensitive,and Adaptive Temperature Sensor

Temperature sensors have great potential applications for the body temperature monitoring, it's a big challenge to prepare sensors with high sensitivity and maintaining adaptive properties for the long-term applications. In this study, an organohydrogel for the temperature sensor is achieved via glycerol solvent replacement of water in the poly-N-acryloyl glycinamide (PNAGA)/carrageenans double network (DN) hydrogel. Owing to successful construction of strong multiple hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) interactions among PNAGA chains and carrageenans, the PNAGA-based glycerol gel (Gly-gel) sensor exhibits excellent thermal stabilities, possesses high sensitivities (2% °C) resulted from the acceleration of mobility of ions at high temperature and shows high tensile strength of about 4 MPa without chemical crosslinkers (higher than most reported organohydrogel-based temperature sensor) with self-healable performance. In addition, the double network of Gly-gel enables it excellent dual and triple shape memory performance with high fixing ratio (R_f, 88%), recovery ratio (R_r, 95%) under large deformations (above 80%) that are beneficial to the potential application in wearable devices. Different from previous temperature sensors, this work provides a facile approach to prepare overly sensitive temperature sensors with the combination of excellent thermal stability, high tensile strength and adaptive properties via the solvent replacement of hydrogel.     

Fabrication of Highly Porous Mullite Materials

Porous mullite, formed by large spherical-shaped pores evenly distributed within a mullite matrix, was processed by a direct consolidation method based on the starch swelling properties. Materials with porosities up to 60 vol% and with an average pore size of ∼30 μm were prepared. Porosity matched the starch volume fraction for contents ≥45 vol%, while for lower contents the porosity was above the volume fraction of starch. Formation of crack like defects either surrounding or connecting pores occurred during the drying–sintering processes in the high starch content mullite.     

Highly Sensitive RNA-Cleaving DNAzyme Sensors from Surface-to-Surface Product Enrichment

The engineering of easy-to-use biosensors with ultra-low detection sensitivity remains a major challenge. Herein, we report a simple approach for creating such sensors through the use of an RNA-cleaving DNAzyme (RcD) and a strategy designed to concentrate its cleavage product significantly. The assay uses micron-sized beads loaded with a target-responsive RcD and a paper strip containing a microzone covered with a DNA oligonucleotide capable of capturing the cleavage product of the RcD through Watson–Crick hybridization. Placing the beads and the paper strip in a target-containing test sample allows the bead-bound RcD molecules to undergo target-induced RNA cleavage, releasing a DNA fragment that is captured by the paper strip. This strategy, though simple, is very effective in achieving high levels of detection sensitivity, being able to enrich the concentration of the cleavage product by three orders of magnitude. It is also compatible with both fluorescence-based and colorimetric reporting mechanisms. This work provides a simple platform for developing ultrasensitive biosensors that take advantage of the widely available RcDs as molecular recognition elements.     

Size-Dependent Materials Properties Toward a Universal Equation

Due to the lack of experimental values concerning some material properties at the nanoscale, it is interesting to evaluate this theoretically. Through a “top–down” approach, a universal equation is developed here which is particularly helpful when experiments are difficult to lead on a specific material property. It only requires the knowledge of the surface area to volume ratio of the nanomaterial, its size as well as the statistic (Fermi–Dirac or Bose–Einstein) followed by the particles involved in the considered material property. Comparison between different existing theoretical models and the proposed equation is done.     

光化学固定法表面改性医用高分子材料研究进展

综述了光化学固定法表面改性医用高分子材料方面的研究进展。介绍了光化学固定法的原理，指出光化学固定法优点：不会影响高分子材料的本位性能，可基本保持所固定的生物分子的活性，还可以设计材料表面改性区域，经改性的高分子材料可获得良好的生物相容性和多种优良的生物医学应用性能。重点阐述了光化学固定法在提高医用高分子材料的生物相容性方面的应用。