输液管道附加支承刚度优化设计

研究液固耦合效应作用下,两端铰支输液管道系统附加支承的刚度和位置优化设计。应用有限元分析方法,建立了输液管道液固耦合振动方程。为有效控制管道结构的振动,利用在管道结构上附(增)加支承的方法,提高输液管道系统的固有频率,预防系统可能发生强烈的耦合振动导致不稳定状态。提出了附加支承最小(临界)刚度的快速计算策略和途径,分别探讨分析了输液管道内液体的流速、附加支承的位置以及第一阶固有频率的目标值对最优支承刚度值的影响。     

两端弹性支承输流管道固有特性研究

输流管道广泛应用于航天航空、石油化工、海洋等重要的工程领域, 其振动特性尤其是系统固有特性一直是国内外学者研究的热点问题. 本文研究了两端弹性支承输流管道横向振动的固有特性, 尤其是在非对称弹性支承下的系统固有特性. 使用哈密顿原理得到了输流管道的控制方程及边界条件, 通过复模态法得到了静态管道的模态函数, 以其作为伽辽金法的势函数和权函数对线性派生系统控制方程进行截断处理. 分析了两端对称支承刚度、两端非对称支承刚度、管道长度以及流体质量比对系统固有频率的影响规律, 重点讨论了管道两端可能形成的非对称支承条件下固有频率的变化规律. 结果表明, 较大的对称支承刚度下管道的第一阶固有频率下降较快; 当管道两端支承刚度变化时, 管道的各阶固有频率在两端支承刚度相等时取得最值; 对于两端非对称支承的管道而言, 两端支承刚度越接近, 第一阶固有频率下降的越快, 而且相应的临界流速越小; 流体的流速越大, 其对两端非对称弹簧支承的管道固有频率的影响更为明显.      

分析弹性支承输流管道的失稳临界流速

研究了两端弹性支承输流管道静态失稳和动态失稳临界流速. 根据梁模型横向弯曲振动模态 函数，由两端弹性支承的边界条件得到了其模态函数的一般表达式. 根据特征方程具体分析 了弹性支承刚度、质量比、流体压力和管截面轴向力等主要参数对失稳临界流速的影响. 数 值计算结果表明，管道在弹性支承下的动力稳定性比较复杂，在较小的弹性支承刚度和较小 的参数范围内，管道主要表现为动态颤振失稳；在较大的弹性支承刚度和较大的参数作用下， 管道的失稳形式主要表现为静态失稳；并且失稳临界流速随流体压力和管截面轴向压力的增 加而下降，随管截面轴向拉力的增加而上升.     

超临界条件下固支边界输液管的内共振

运用摄动方法研究固支边界条件下的弹性输液管道的横向非线性振动.随着输液管道内流体流动的速度增大至临界流速以上时,输液管道的平衡位形将会发生屈曲变形,变成零静平衡解以及一对称的非零静平衡解.对于超临界管道系统的非零静平衡解的扰动方程,通过迦辽金方法截断使系统变为标准的有限维离散陀螺系统.运用离散多尺度方法以及陀螺系统的可...     

关于位移法计算有侧移斜梁的研究

针对用位移法计算有侧移斜梁时遇到的几个问题进行了研究，利用运动学原理对斜 梁位移进行分析，采用力法对几种常见载荷作用下的斜梁进行理论推导，得到了几 个重要结论: 一是斜梁的侧移计算公式，二是一端固定、一端定向支承(支杆与斜梁斜交时)的有侧移单 跨斜梁的转角位移方程、固端弯矩分别与两端固定支承的水平梁的相同，所以计算此类斜梁 时可以按两端固定支承的单跨水平梁处理.     

输液管道动力特性与动力稳定性的有限元分析

1 引言输液管道动力特性和动力稳定性问题在近30年来受到高度重视,主要是因为它具有广泛的应用价值:如石油管道、热交换器和核反应堆冷却管等;同时这个问题本身也是应用力学中一个引人注目的基本问题.采用有限元法分析输液管道动力特性时,得到的特征方程中的矩阵一般是非对称的,难以求解;或者是由于特征方程中矩阵元素量级相差太大,易出现病态情形.本文很好地处理了这类特征值问题.2 输液管道动力特性的有限元分析     

支承运动激励下两端固定输流管道的混沌运动

本文研究了两端固定输流管道在其支承简谐运动激励下的混沌运动。运用相平面图、Lyapunov指数、Poincare映射以及运动时间历程等数值分析技术考察了流体流速和激振频率变化对管道运动的影响。结果表明,在所研究的系统中存在包括混沌运动在内的多种复杂运动的参数区域,而且发现有三条通向混沌运动的途径。     

分析输流曲管临界流速的迁移矩阵法

提出了一种分析输液曲管临界流速的方法。与其它方法相比,该方法不但容易处理带任意多个中间支承和变刚度、变曲率的输液曲管问题,而且由于对各段位移、内力关系导出了一系列显式,故不管离散段数多少,最终都只需解一个三阶矩阵方程,因此计算量小、精度高。     

含非均匀轴向流的输液管道共振可靠性灵敏度分析

采用基于Galerkin的加权残数法分析含非均匀轴向流的输液管道,利用N阶Galerkin截断建立试函数,推导出消除残数方程,得到输液管道的前N阶固有频率。建立输液管道共振可靠度的功能函数,然后采用加权非线性响应面法拟合其功能函数,最后在显式功能函数上采用Monte-Carlo法计算功能函数的灵敏度值。算例表明,本文采用的方法是合理的,且具有较高的效率和精度,为输液管道共振可靠性灵敏度分析提供了一条途径。     

分析输液曲管临界流速的迁移矩阵法

提出了一种分析输液曲管临界流速的方法.与其它方法相比,该方法不但容易处理带任意多个中间支承和变刚度、变曲率的输液曲管问题,而且由于对各段位移、内力关系导出了一系列显式,故不管离散段数多少,最终都只需解一个三阶矩阵方程,因此计算量小、精度高.     

力-热载荷下双金属复合管的屈曲失效研究

采用有限元方法研究了力-热载荷下双金属复合管的屈曲失效行为,通过三维有限元建模考虑了双金属复合管的准静态复合成型制造过程中产生的残余应力,分析了温度及内压两个主要参数对双金属复合管屈曲失效的影响。结果表明,高温导致材料发生软化,抑制了双金属复合管的屈曲;弯矩、内压及热载荷联合作用下,复合管内介质温度降低,复合管弯矩达到最大值对应的曲率减小,而弯曲承载能力增大,外基管的椭圆率也增大;内压变化对复合管的弯曲承载能力和外基管的椭圆率影响较小。     

Scale effects in polymer solution pipe flow

Satisfactory scaling from laboratory-scale pipe-flow data to large industrial pipelines is an area of practical concern in the utilization of drag-reducing polymer solutions. From experimental data for pipes 0.0254 m in diameter and above, it is shown that accurate scaling can be obtained using a simple, pocket-calculator method. However, pipes of say, 0.005 m and smaller provide much less accurate scaling data for larger pipes. A detailed study of the velocity profiles in drag-reducing flow indicates a total lack of similarity of the profiles of the very small pipes compared with the larger.     

A numerical study of fully developed laminar flows in pipes with two planar curvatures

The spectral element method is applied on unstructured tetrahedral elements to solve the Navier–Stokes equations for fully developed laminar flow in pipes with two planar curvatures. Specific implementations of the spectral element method to double curved pipes and parallelization are described. Previous studies on flows in pipes focused on constant curvature or torsion geometries, as well as pipes with varying curvature. This study focuses on the periodic variation of both the curvature as well as torsion by analysing a pipe having two planar curvatures. The effects of the three parameters defining the pipe are studied to isolate the curvature and torsion effect on the magnitude and angle of the secondary flow. Furthermore, the geometric effects on the wall shear stress are studied, as it is an important fluid flow property, especially in blood flows. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

厚壁管道周向导波检测技术实验研究

厚壁管道是火电机组四大管道系统的核心部件,将超声导波技术应用于厚壁管道的无损检测显得十分重要.首先确定厚壁管道检测的激励方式,优化选取适合厚壁管道检测的0.5MHz探头和楔形块角度为60°的斜探头组合.通过改变斜探头与外壁轴向缺陷之间周向距离,在一定范围内仍可检测到缺陷回波,且接收到的周向回波幅值变化不大,表明周向导波...     

Experimental Investigation of Transitional Flow in Porous Media with Usage of a Pore Doublet Model

The transition from laminar to turbulent flow in porous media is studied with a new method. To mimic interconnected pores, a simplified geometry consisting of a pipe with a relatively large diameter that is split into two parallel pipes with different diameters is studied. This is a pore-doublet setup and the pressure drops over the parallel pipes are recorded by pressure transducers for different flow rates. Results show that the flow in the parallel pipes is redistributed when turbulent slugs pass through one of them. The presence of the slugs is revealed by positive skewness in the pressure signals as well as an increase of the standard deviation of the pressure drops and correlation between the pressure drops of the pipes. A frequency analysis of the pressure drops show that lower band frequency pressure variations in one pipe are communicated to the other pipe while higher band frequencies are filtered out.     

金属管爆炸胀形炸药能量传递的几何法

导出了金属管爆炸胀形估算炸药传递到工件表面能量几何法公式，该法以炸药的比能为基础进行计算，避免了能量法对大多数炸药缺少能量常数Ｃ和Ｇ试验数据的困难，因而可扩大各种炸药在金属管爆炸胀形中的应用。为炸药用量的估算提供一简单的方法。     

管道振动引起辐射噪声场的有限元分析

对于管束振动引起的辐射声场的分析,利用解析法较为困难．运用有限元分析法对管道耦合振动噪声进行了比较系统的分析,得到一系列有益结果,为振动噪声控制提供了理论依据．     

Vibration and enhanced stability properties of fluid-conveying pipes with two symmetric elbows fitted at downstream end

In this paper, the vibration and stability properties of fluid-conveying pipes with two symmetric elbows fitted at downstream end are investigated. The fluid, after entering from the upstream end, is pushed downwards and eventually exits from the downstream end fitted with two symmetric elbows. The equation of motion is solved by means of Galerkin’s method with a four-mode approximation. Calculations are conducted for cantilevered and also for pinned–pinned slender pipes. It is found that the stability of the pipe system can be greatly enhanced with such downstream elbows. The vibration frequency of the fluid-conveying pipes can be comfortably controlled due to the downstream elbows with a selection of angle of inclination. The proposed geometry configuration of fluid-conveying pipes may be useful for the design and improvement of engineering pipeline systems and fluidic devices.     

Wet steam flows in industrial large-diameter pipes: flowrate, moisture and pressure drop measurements

The flowrate, moisture and pressure drop were measured in a water-steam mixture flowing at a pressure of I MPa in pipes with 0.3 and 1.2 m dia. The results are presented here, along with an original method for assessing pressure drops in a water-steam mixture flowing in such industrial pipes.     

粘弹性地基上粘弹性输流管道的稳定性分析

从Winkler假设和单轴线性粘弹性本构方程出发,推导了Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性地基上三参量固体模型输流管道的运动微分方程,采用改进的有限差分法,分析了管道和地基的粘弹性参数对输流管道无量纲复频率和无量纲流速之间的变化关系的影响。