降低某油田采油污水处理中污泥产生量技术研究

针对陕北某油田处理采油污水絮凝剂投加量和污泥产生量大的特点,采用"先回流污泥后絮凝"的方法进行降低污泥产生量研究,探讨了常规简单絮凝和"先回流污泥后絮凝"处理中污水pH、絮凝剂投加量、回流污泥量等因素对污泥产生量的影响。结果表明,"先回流污泥后絮凝"处理工艺能显著降低絮凝剂用量和污泥产生量,其中PAC和PAM投加量分别降低81.25%和50%,污泥产生量降低48.40%。处理后污水可达到SY/T 5329-1994回注水要求。     

明矾-壳聚糖复合絮凝处理含油废水的研究

利用无机絮凝剂明矾和有机絮凝剂壳聚糖复合作用对含油废水进行絮凝处理。对影响絮凝过程的主要因素,如温度、溶液pH值、絮凝剂用量及复合絮凝剂配比进行了实验研究,结果表明:最佳絮凝条件为温度40℃和pH值6~7,复合絮凝剂明矾:壳聚糖配比为3∶1,絮凝剂用量为0.5 g/L时,絮凝效果最好。处理后的含油污水澄清度高,除油率可达到97%。     

絮凝-膜过滤处理生活污水的研究

以生活污水为处理对象,选用了5种无机絮凝剂和2种有机絮凝剂进行了单一和复合处理时的对比研究,并考察了pH值、投加顺序对COD去除率的影响,在此基础上,探讨了絮凝和膜过滤结合对生活污水的处理效果。研究表明,在三氯化铁和有机絮凝剂复合的最佳絮凝条件下,COD的去除率达65％左右;在膜分离过程中引入絮凝处理,能显著提高处理效果,COD去除率在75％左右,同时,絮凝处理后的膜通量迅速提高。     

新型复合絮凝剂在城市污水处理中的应用研究

为了提高城市污水的絮凝处理效率，以磁性纳米Fe₃O₄粒子、Na₂Si O₃、Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O和羧甲基淀粉钠为原料，制备了一种适合城市污水絮凝处理的新型复合絮凝剂FAS-1，并对其综合性能进行了评价。实验结果表明，絮凝剂FAS-1的加量越大、沉降时间越长，污水中COD和浊度的去除率就越高；而随着污水pH值的逐渐升高，COD去除率和浊度去除率均呈现出先增大后减小的趋势；实验温度对絮凝处理效果的影响相对较小；当絮凝剂FAS-1的加量为20mg·L^-1、污水pH值为8、实验温度为30℃、沉降时间为40min时，污水的COD去除率和浊度去除率分别可以达到98.7%和96.8%，达到了良好的絮凝处理效果。研究结果认为，新型复合絮凝剂FAS-1能够满足目标城市污水絮凝处理的需求，具有良好的推广应用前景。     

磁絮凝法处理泵站溢流污水试验研究

针对合流制泵站溢流污水的特点,通过与传统工艺处理效果对比,采用磁絮凝法进行处理,即在投加絮凝剂的同时投加磁种,并引入磁场来促进絮凝过程.从磁种投加量、磁种-絮凝剂投配比、磁感应强度、pH和沉降时间等方面研究磁絮凝法处理泵站溢流污水的优越性.结果表明,当磁种投加量为250mg·L-1、絮凝剂投加量为2.5mL·L-1、磁感应强度为50mT、pH为6时处理效果最好.采用磁絮凝法处理泵站溢流污水降低了絮凝过程中的沉降时间,节约了成本.     

化学生物絮凝工艺处理城市污水影响因素研究

介绍了污水化学生物絮凝絮凝强化一级处理工艺用于上海合流污水的试验研究，分析了絮凝剂、加药量、加药点、温度、污泥回流比对处理效果的影响。     

聚铁絮凝剂合成及油田聚合物稳定水系脱稳研究

采用自制聚铁絮凝剂处理锦州采油厂含聚污水。结果表明,水样的含聚量是影响絮凝的主要因素,同一水样的p H值对絮凝效果的影响最显著。通过五种絮凝剂进行对比,在最佳投加量条件下,对于低聚类、中聚与高聚类污水采用聚铁絮凝剂的处理效果都较好。聚铁絮凝剂的絮凝性能和稳定性明显优于多种油田现用絮凝剂,其具有良好的工业应用前景。     

絮凝法处理工业废水的试验研究

在水的处理技术与方法中,絮凝法是最常用、最省钱、最重要的方法。本文通过试验研究探讨了工业废水处理中影响絮凝的主要因素,即絮凝剂种类、用量和分子量大小,污水的固相粒度和pH值,以及搅拌作用对絮凝的影响,并优选出了处理本污水的最佳絮凝剂和最佳絮凝操作条件。本研究对推广絮凝法在废水处理中的应用有现实意义。     

氟硅酸钠生产装置污水循环利用新工艺

利用絮凝技术处理氟硅酸钠生产装置废水,通过实验确定了合适的絮凝剂、絮凝时间及絮凝剂用量,对原有污水处理系统进行技术改造后,经处理清夜的浊度降低至20 NTU以下,可以直接用于公司其他装置,同时充分回收利用污水中的硫酸根资源,增加企业的经济效益。     

石化厂污水聚丙烯酰胺筛选及效果评价

文中以某石化厂的工业污水为处理处理对象,对六种PAM(三个阳离子、三个阴离子)和聚合氯化铝等形成复合的絮凝剂在协同作用下,对石化厂的"三泥"和污水进行絮凝效果评价,通过模拟实验获得了较为理想的絮凝剂,并确定其投加浓度及絮凝效果,对改善石化厂污水水质,实现污水的回用提高水资源的重复利用率提供了参考。     

絮凝处理焦化废水生化出水的研究

通过对三氯化铁(FeCl3)、聚合氯化铝(PVC)和聚合硫酸铁(PFS)等3种絮凝剂对焦化废水生化出水处理效果的比较,选择出处理效果最好的聚合硫酸铁作为絮凝处理焦化废水生化出水的絮凝剂.并确定了该试剂处理焦化废水生化出水的工艺条件,结果表明:聚合硫酸铁投加量为600mg·L-1,pH值为6.8,沉降时间为30min时,...     

Surface properties of polymethylenediamine-fixed styrene/acrylic acid copolymer latex

Surface charge density, ζ-potential, and dispersion stability of polymethylenediamine (PMD)-fixed styrene/acrylic acid copolymer [P(St/AA)] latex were investigated. PMD-fixed P(St/AA) latices are amphoteric and have isoelectric points at pH 4–7. Though the flocculations were observed at neutral pH, the pHs where the flocculation rates were maximum are slightly higher than were the isoelectric points. This result suggests the influence of the expansion of PMD-fixed polymer layer surrounding the particles on the flocculation. The fixation of PMD to the surface of P(St/AA) latex lowers the dispersion stability for high electrolyte concentration.     

用计算机图像处理技术研究气浮工艺的气泡性质

利用计算机图像处理系统分析溶气气浮工艺中的气泡的性质。研究了气泡直径随操作压力、取样时间的变化规律,以及气泡大小对气浮处理效果的影响。结果发现,随着压力由250kPa增加至350kPa,气泡直径由120~180μm逐渐变小至60~90μm,气浮处理效果越来越好;随着停留时间由10min延长至30min,气泡直径逐渐由60~90μm变大至120~180μm,气浮处理效果反而越来越差。溶气压力为350kPa,分离时间为10min时,气浮效果最好。     

Studies on dyeing and mechanical properties of nylon 6 filaments subjected to swelling treatments

Drawn nylon 6 filaments were subjected to swelling treatment with benzyl alcohol and aqueous solution of phenol and formic acid under slack condition and under tension. The pretreated samples were dyed with a disperse dye Foron Yellow SE-FL (C.I. Disperse Yellow 42). A considerable increase in the equilibrium dye uptake was observed as a result of swelling treatment. Studies on lateral order by X-ray methods showed that lateral order has increased considerably as a result of preswelling treatment. This apparent contradiction, viz., increase in lateral order and at the same time increase in dye upstake, is explained as due to increased void volume. Studies on mechanical properties showed that the percentage elongation is increased as a result of swelling treatment under slack condition in spite of increased lateral order. This is explained as due to the slippage of chain-folded crystallites.     

Selective permeability of PVA membranes. II. Heat-treated membranes

The water and salt transport properties of untreated and heat-treated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes were investigated. Water and salt permeabilities decreased abruptly as a result of heat treatment. The effect of heat treatment on the water and salt transport in PVA is expressed mainly by changes in the activation energies of the corresponding permeability coefficients. Due to the fact that the decrease in the salt permeability with heat treatment was considerably greater than the decrease in the water permeability, a pronounced improvement in the salt rejection of PVA membranes was found as a result of heat treatment.     

水处理用天然锰砂的再生

对滤除水中 Mn2 后已钝化的天然锰砂的再生处理进行研究 ,从中找出了比较适宜的再生条件和再生方法。实验结果表明 ,钝化后的锰砂经复合再生处理 ,再生率达 1 0 0 %以上 ,再生处理操作简单 ,药费低廉 ,滤水水质达国家饮用水标准。     

二氧化氯在饮用水消毒工艺中的应用

二氧化氯作为饮用水消毒剂应用越来越广泛。介绍了二氧化氯的理化性质、消毒机理;分析了其在饮用水处理领域的应用范围和优缺点,讨论了二氧化氯作为水消毒剂时存在的问题。研究结果表明二氧化氯作为一种新型的消毒剂在饮用水处理中有广阔的应用前景。     

Effect of heat treatment of activated carbon supports on the loading and activity of Pt catalyst

The study has been done on the effect of heat treatment of activated carbon at 1573-1773 K on its structural and electronic properties as a catalyst support. The X-ray diffraction result indicated that a partly graphitized structure was formed when the activated carbon was heated to a high temperature (1673 K). From the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy result, it was found that Pt⁰ concentration was increased, but PtO and PtO₂ concentrations were decreased with an increase in the heat treatment temperature. From the van Dam’s model applied to this result, it might be concluded that more “π-sites” are created as the heat treatment temperature becomes higher. From the CO-chemisorption result, the highest loading was observed in case of Pt/AC1673 sample. This improved loading ability could be explained by the special interaction of the graphitic planes (π-sites) with the metal particles. Based on the catalytic activity, CO-chemisorption and XPS results, it is concluded that the well-loaded Pt⁰ species mainly contribute to the catalytic activity. Moreover, it was found that different degrees of graphitization of heat treated activated carbon could cause different surface Pt⁰ and improve the resistance of carbon support against gasification under air oxidation.     

倒置A2/O工艺在惠阳城区污水处理厂的应用

介绍了倒置A2/O工艺在惠阳某污水处理厂工程的设计及运行情况。实际运行结果表明,该工艺符合我国城镇生活污水处理要求,生化系统运行稳定,有机物质去除率高、脱氮除磷效果良好,出水可以稳定达到GB 18918-2002的一级B排放标准。     

煤泥超声浮选的试验研究

超声处理对煤泥浮选的影响是多方面的.笔者对煤泥超声处理前后浮选的精煤产率、浮选脱硫效果、浮选速度等方面进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,在相同药剂制度情况下,经过超声处理浮选的精煤产率提高了10%以上;浮选脱硫完善度提高了20%;浮选速度也较超声处理前有了明显的提高.