一维光子晶体微腔的光放大和耦合腔的滤波特性研究

用传输矩阵法(TMM)研究了由SiO2和TiO2组成的一维光子晶体微腔的放大特性和耦合腔光子晶体的滤波特性.结果表明:在微腔光子晶体的缺陷层中掺杂一定浓度的Er+3,则对中心波长λ0=1.532μm,可以实现光放大;而二耦合腔或三耦合腔光子晶体可以作为二波长或三波长的滤波片.     

双缺陷模一维光子晶体的双光子吸收增强研究

采用真空镀膜工艺制备了具有762 nm和800 nm双缺陷模的含两个CdS缺陷层的TiO2/SiO2一维光子晶体,运用抽运探测技术测量了其双光子吸收。对于两个缺陷模,双光子吸收均得到很大的增强,其中缺陷模为800nm时的双光子吸收系数307 cm/GW要大于缺陷模为762 nm时的116 cm/GW,分别为单层CdS薄膜的48倍和18倍。这种双光子吸收的增强是由于光局域化导致一维光子晶体缺陷层内的电场强度增大而形成的。通过传输矩阵法计算了一维光子晶体的内部场强,发现800 nm波长光入射时缺陷层内的电场强度要大于762 nm波长光入射时的电场强度值。     

超强激光超热电子激发的KαX射线发射研究

建立了无色散型X射线谱仪.利用SILEX-I激光装置的超强激光辐照固体物质,分别在靶前、后定量测量了Cu和Mo物质在不同激光功率密度时的X射线谱和Kα光子产额,推导了不同激光强度时的Kα X射线光子转换效率.实验发现,打靶激光能量越高,靶后出射的Kα产额越高,100μm Mo靶可获得10-5量级转换效率.     

罗斯滤片法测量激光打靶X射线辐射通量

利用一套罗斯滤片系统测量激光轰击固体金属Ti平面靶产生的X射线辐射通量,系统包括两个相同的X射线探测器及相应滤膜。罗斯滤片法的优点在于利用相邻核素对X射线相似的阻止率,可滤出一个窄的能带并去除高能部分的干扰,获得了Ti平面靶K壳层X光辐射产额。实验结果表明:硬X射线能段在4.5~4.9keV之间的K壳特征辐射占优,连续谱所占份额较低(与晶体谱仪一致);随着激光能量的增加,特征辐射增加;激光强度接近2×1015 W/cm2时,能量转换效率出现峰值。     

飞秒激光驱动X射线源中超热电子与靶相互作用研究

飞秒激光与靶相互作用产生超热电子,随后超热电子与靶原子碰撞,通过kα、kβ等散射过程,可辐射高亮度、飞秒级X射线,在原子与分子物理、生物及医学等领域均有广泛的应用前景.论文首先对飞秒激光驱动X射线源的发展进行简要叙述,然后对X射线源中的超热电子与靶相互作用进行研究.超热电子的产生由靶材对光脉冲的非碰撞吸收机制决定,X射线的产生由超热电子决定.研究超热电子、靶参数对X射线产额的影响,确定最佳参数值,可指导驱动激光脉冲参数的选择,以获得更大的X射线光子产额.使用蒙特卡洛模拟方法可研究超热电子动能及入射角、靶材(Cu靶)厚度对靶材上、下表面X射线辐射光子产额的影响,分析确定最佳超热电子动能及最佳靶厚.驱动激光强度与超热电子动能的定标关系表明：需要合理选择驱动激光参数,使真空加热机制主导超热电子产生过程,以在合适的激光脉冲强度下获得最大X射线光子产额.     

双爆炸膜内壳层光电离X射线激光实验研究

报道了Pd-NaF,Pd-Cu,Ag-NaF和Ag-Cu耦合双爆炸膜内壳层光电离X射线激光的实验方法和一些实验结果。结果表明,在本实验条件下,激光加热NaF或Cu靶产生的1keV区的光子,可以增强Pd或Ag等离子体中类-Cu离子的3d¹⁰4p-3d⁹4s²软X射线发射的强度,但不足以形成X射线激光的输出。 关键词：     

超强激光超热电子激发的Kα X射线发射研究

建立了无色散型X射线谱仪. 利用SILEX-I激光装置的超强激光辐照固体物质,分别在靶前、后定量测量了Cu和Mo物质在不同激光功率密度时的X射线谱和Kα光子产额,推导了不同激光强度时的Kα X射线光子转换效率. 实验发现,打靶激光能量越高,靶后出射的Kα产额越高,100μm Mo靶可获得10^-5量级转换效率. 关键词： X射线发射 激光-物质相互作用 Kα谱仪')" href="#">Kα谱仪     

用一维光子带隙结构增强硫化镉双光子吸收研究

用真空镀膜方法制备了含有单个CdS缺陷层的具有不同周期和结构参量的TiO2／SiO2一维光子晶体。用抽运一探测技术研究了CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收（TPA）现象。实验结果表明：一维光子晶体中CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收显著增强。不同周期和结构参量的一维光子晶体中CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收系数不同。双光子吸收的增强来源于由光局域化导致的缺陷层的电场强度的增加。缺陷层电场强度与一维光子晶体的结构有关,如周期,光子带隙的位置与宽度及缺陷模式等因素都会影响缺陷层电场强度。采用四分之一波长的高低折射率介质层和与入射波长匹配的缺陷模可以得到最大的缺陷层电场强度。     

超相对论强度激光与薄膜靶作用中0.4 nm以下X射线阿秒脉冲的产生

用一维粒子模拟程序对功率密度在10²² W/cm²以上的超强激光驱动薄膜靶产生的相对论电子层及其经过汤姆孙散射产生的阿秒X射线进行了研究. 结果表明, 在超相对论强度范围下增大驱动激光强度, 相应减小等离子体密度及厚度可使电子层获得更高纵向动量, 使汤姆孙散射光明显向更短波长移动. 优化相关参数得到了波长为 1.168 nm的阿秒脉冲. 经过对倍频探测光方案与驱动光以及薄膜靶参数进行综合考虑和优化, 得到的X射线相干辐射波长有效减小到0.4 nm以下, 产生的光子能量达到2 keV以上. 关键词： 超相对论强度激光 阿秒X射线 相对论电子层 汤姆孙后向散射     

反常色散材料光子晶体中光输运的光学控制

研究了光抽运对由铯原子蒸气构成的光子晶体的影响.研究发现,利用较弱光强的线抽运光即可显著地改变这种反常色散光子晶体的透射率.而利用圆偏振光抽运可以进一步降低抽运光的阈值,并在反常色散光子晶体中获得极大的法拉第旋转.反常色散光子晶体的这些特性为光控光开关的研究和制作提供了一条新途径.     

Optical properties of ytterbium-doped tandem-pumped fiber oscillator

With the rapid development of ytterbium-doped fiber lasers, some obtrusive limitations on power scaling appeared. In order to avoid these problems, a scheme called tandem pumping is introduced into the fiber laser field. In this paper, the optical properties of an ytterbium-doped tandem-pumped fiber oscillator are presented. According to the oscillator profile, the proper gain fiber type and pump wavelength range are picked out, under the comprehensive consideration of laser conversion efficiency and beam quality. In addition, the photodarkening performances of tandem pumping lasers and conventional ones are compared based on practical application, with all possible impact parameters taken into account. Moreover, an all-fibered tandem-pumped oscillator centered at 1079.5 nm is built, in the way of clad pumping by a 1030-nm fiber laser. The laser power of the oscillator reaches 7 W, with an opto-optic efficiency of 82.4%.     

High X-ray conversion efficiency with target irradiation by a frequency tripled Nd : Glass laser

High conversion efficiency of laser energy into X-rays from a laser irradiated target is of great interest for a variety of dynamical (pulsed) studies, e.g.: radiography of laser-imploded targets, structure determination by diffraction and absorption fine-structure, and X-ray laser pumping. We report here on a frequency tripled Nd : glass laser used to irradiate targets of various materials at ～5 x 10¹⁴W/cm². We find conversion efficiencies of between 1% and 0.1% (with respect to the incident laser energy) for individual X-ray lines between 1.8 and 7.8 keV. These efficiencies are more than an order of magnitude higher than whose achieved with 1.06 μm lasers.     

Absolute spectral distribution of soft X-ray emission from laserproduced gold plasma

Quantitative measurement of spectral distribution of soft X-ray emission from laser produced plasmas and estimation of X-ray conversion efficiency are reported. The X-ray emission from planar gold target irradiated by an Nd:glass laser was recorded using a high resolution transmission grating spectrograph. Spectral distribution of X-ray intensity was derived using calibrated film data and a deconvolution procedure to account for contribution of higher diffraction orders. Results of conversion efficiency per unit solid angle, at a laser intensity of ~4×10¹² W/cm² (λ_L = 1.054 μm), for 10< λ <80 Å and in the water window spectral region (23< λ< 44 Å) are presented. A three-fold increase in conversion efficiency was observed for second harmonic laser irradiation (λ_L = 0.527 μm) at an intensity of 8×10¹² W/cm²     

基于振动弛豫理论提高光抽运太赫兹激光器输出功率的研究

以半经典密度矩阵理论和分子振动弛豫理论为基础,研究添加适当比例缓冲气体与适当减小波导芯径对光抽运太赫兹激光器输出光强的影响.计算结果表明,加入适当比例缓冲气体或适当减小波导的芯径均能提高太赫兹激光的输出光强;同时优化两个参数能进一步提高抽运激光能量转化为太赫兹激光能量的效率,延长工作腔中的有效激活区,延缓抽运饱和效应的出现,提高太赫兹激光输出光强.该研究对提高光抽运太赫兹激光器的能量转化效率、提高光抽运太赫兹激光器的输出功率及实现光抽运太赫兹激光器的小型化有重要的指导意义.     

Parametric study of plasma active medium and gain saturation region in a Ne-like soft X-ray laser

Plasmas created by the interaction of high power optical laser with a target surface can be used as a source of soft X-ray lasers. Plasma and pump laser characteristics play significant role in achieving high gain coefficient for such plasma based on soft X-ray lasers. In the present work, the plasma active medium parameters for germanium element at a wavelength of 19.6 nm irradiated by a double-pulse pump laser have been studied using MED103 hydrodynamic code. For this purpose, first, the effects of laser intensity, pulse width and delay time of two pulses on the gain coefficient have been investigated and the optimum conditions for the maximum gain extent of Ne-like germanium soft X-ray laser are obtained. Then, in order to calculate the intensity of such high gain lasers in which Linford equation is invalid, we have adopted the general formula of amplified spontaneous emission intensity, which is valid in all range of intensities even at much higher intensities than saturation intensity. Finally, the soft X-ray laser intensities in the saturated areas for different plasma lengths have been calculated. The results show that the output of soft X-ray laser intensity with 294 cm⁻¹ gain coefficient can reach to about several times saturated intensity by applying a 1–2 mm plasma length as the active medium.     

A review of Ni-like X-ray laser experiments undertaken using the VULCAN laser at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Recent progress using the VULCAN laser at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory to pump X-ray lasing in nickel-like ions is reviewed. Double pulse pumping with ∼100 ps pulses has been shown to produce significantly greater X-ray laser output than single pulses of duration 0.1–1 ns. With double pulse pumping, the main pumping pulse interacts with a pre-formed plasma created by a pre-pulse. The efficiency of lasing increases as there is a reduced effect of refraction of the X-ray laser beam due to smaller density gradients and larger gain volumes, which enable propagation of the X-ray laser beam along the full length of the target. The record shortest wavelength saturated laser at 5.9 nm has been achieved in Ni-like dysprosium using double pulse pumping of 75 ps duration from the VULCAN laser. A variant of the double pulse pumping using a single ∼100 ps laser pulse and a superimposed short ∼1 ps pulse has been found to further increase the efficiency of lasing by reducing the effects of over-ionisation during the gain period. The record shortest wavelength saturated laser pumped by a short ∼1 ps pulse has been achieved in Ni-like samarium using the VULCAN laser operating in chirped pulse amplified (CPA) mode. Ni-like samarium lases at 7.3 nm.     

Dose estimation and shielding calculation for X-ray hazard at high intensity laser facilities

An ionizing radiation hazard produced from the interaction between high intensity lasers and solid targets has been observed. Laser-plasma interactions create "hot" electrons, which generate bremsstrahlung X-rays when they interact with ions in the target. However, up to now only limited studies have been conducted on this laser-induced radiological protection issue. In this paper, the physical process and characteristics of the interaction between high intensity lasers and solid targets are analyzed. The parameters of the radiation sources are discussed, including the energy conversion efficiency from laser to hot electrons, hot electron energy spectrum and electron temperature, and the bremsstrahlung X-ray energy spectrum produced by hot electrons. Based on this information, the X-ray dose generated with high-Z targets for laser intensities between 10¹⁴ and 10²⁰ W/cm² is estimated. The shielding effects of common shielding items such as the glass view port, aluminum chamber wall and concrete wall are also studied using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. This study provides a reference for the dose estimation and the shielding design of high intensity laser facilities.     

SASE自由电子激光

 SASE自由电子激光可以产生短至0.1nm的高亮度（峰值亮度比当前的第三代同步辐射高10个量级;平均亮度高3~5个量级）、短脉冲（脉冲长度小于2个量级、达到亚皮秒水平）硬X射线相干光。因而被称为是继第三代同步辐射之后的第四代光源。SASE依据的是高增益自由电子激光原理,利用了光阴极微波电子枪技术和电子直线加速器技术。综述了SASE的历史发展、基本原理、基本结构、主要物理特征和对电子束的要求。     

用于光纤拉曼放大器抽运源的单级光纤拉曼激光器

抽运光源是光纤拉曼放大器应用于密集波分复用系统的关键技术,设计了一种紧凑型的808nm激光二极管抽运的基于钒酸钇（Nd^3＋：YVO4）晶体1342nm固体激光器模块,提出利用上述1342nm固体激光器抽运基于光纤光栅的单级全光纤型拉曼谐振器获得1．4μm激光输出的光纤拉曼激光器,分析了固体激光器的阈值特性、性能优化方法和单级光纤拉曼谐振器的设计方法。上述1342nm固体激光器模块在抽运功率2W时获得了最大655mW的激光输出功率和42．6％的斜率效率,单级拉曼谐振器的1342nm到1．4μm光功率转换斜率效率达75％,在1425nm、1438nm、1455nm和1490nm处的输出功率达到300mW以上。最后给出基于1．4μm光纤拉曼激光器抽运的宽带平坦放大的光纤拉曼放大器的结构参量和性能测试结果。     

激光加热Cu和NaF靶产生的1.2keV区X射线转换效率的测量

介绍了激光加热Cu靶和NaF靶发射的在1.2keV区X射线转换效率的测量方法和实验结果。结果表明,在激光辐照功率密度为1×10¹³—1×10¹⁴W·cm^-2条件下,激光波长为1.06μm或0.53μm时,Cu等离子体发射的1.2KeV区X射线的转换率为NaF等离子体的4—5倍;对此两种等离子体,激光波长为0.53μm的X射线转换效率是波长为1.06μm的2倍左右。 关键词：