细胞间粘附分子-1在内耳免疫反应中的表达

目的探讨细胞间粘附分子１（ｉｎｔｅｒｃｅｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ１，ＩＣＡＭ１）在内耳免疫反应中的作用。方法采用钥孔血蓝蛋白激发已全身致敏的２６只大鼠内耳，诱发其内耳免疫反应，然后通过免疫组化技术检测内耳的ＩＣＡＭ１的表达。结果内耳激发后６小时，螺旋轴静脉及其回流小静脉即有ＩＣＡＭ１表达，１２小时内淋巴囊及其囊周区出现ＩＣＡＭ１表达，在２４～４８小时内耳各部位ＩＣＡＭ１表达达最高峰。７２小时各种炎性细胞浸润到内耳的各个部位。随后ＩＣＡＭ１表达逐渐减弱，２８天完全消失。结论内耳免疫反应时，ＩＣＡＭ１在炎性细胞从循环系统进入内耳的过程中发挥着重要作用，调控ＩＣＡＭ１表达的细胞因子也可能还来自内淋巴囊以外的其他细胞。     

ICAM—1与自身免疫性内耳病

细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）是一种单链糖蛋白，免疫反应中，表达于各种免疫细胞，内皮细胞及表皮细胞，在诱导免疫活性细胞与血管内皮细胞粘附，并向炎症组织迁移过程中发挥重要作用，在内耳免疫反应早期，ＩＣＡＭ－１表达于内耳螺旋轴静脉及其回流小静脉，内淋巴囊及其囊周组织，螺旋韧带等，随之出现免疫细胞在内耳的聚积，并导致损害引起内耳病变，因此推测，阻断ＩＣＡＭ－１受体在内耳的表达，将阻止炎性细胞的浸润所     

细胞间粘附分子在鼻息肉组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨以嗜酸粒细胞浸润为病理特征的鼻息肉组织中局部细胞间粘附分子的表达及其意义。方法 对９例正常鼻粘膜和１９例鼻息肉组织冰冻切片，用细胞间粘附分子１和淋巴细胞功能相关抗原１单抗进行免疫组织化学及其与ＭＧＧ双染，光镜观察，结果 与对照组相比，鼻息肉组织ＩＣＡＭ－１和ＬＦＡ－１的表达均显著增加，组织局部ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达与大量ＬＦＡ－１阳性的嗜酸粒细胞浸润密切相关。结论 鼻息肉组织ＩＣＡＭ－１和Ｌ     

喉癌组织ICAM—1表达与喉癌侵袭转移相关性的研究

本研究采用免疫组化方法检测ＩＣＡＭ－１在喉癌及正常人喉粘膜组织中的表达，分析其与肿瘤侵袭转移的关系。结果表明，喉癌组织中ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达高于正常喉粘膜，而非转移喉癌且较转移组表达更强。提示：喉癌组织高表达ＩＣＡＭ－１可能是机体抗肿瘤免疫增强的反映。     

前庭学

990639细胞间粘附分子一1在内耳免疫反应中的表达/龚树生…//中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志一1 998,33(3)一158~160 目的:探讨细胞间粘附分子一l(inte卜cellu-Iar adhesion moleCule一l,ICAM一1)在内耳免疫反应中的作用。方法:采用钥孑咖血一蓝蛋白激发已全身致敏的26只大鼠内耳,诱发其内耳免疫反应,然后通过免疫组化技术检测内耳的I-CAM一1的表达。结果:内耳激发后6小时,螺 86旋轴静脉及其回流小静脉即有ICAM一1表达,1艺小时内淋巴囊及其囊周区出现兀一、M一1表达,在24一铭小时内耳各部位ICAM一1表达达高峰。72小时各种炎性细胞浸润到内耳的…     

飘散蒿属花粉对鼻粘膜上皮细胞间粘附分子表达的影响

为探讨吸入性变应原对变应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜上皮细胞表达细胞间粘附分子（Ｉｎｔｅｒ－ｃｅｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ－１，ＩＣＡＭ－１）的影响，对１１例蒿属花粉过敏的花粉症患者，采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ的方法，测定鼻粘膜上皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１的ｍＲＮＡ表达。结果显示：在蒿属花粉飘散期，８例标本全部呈阳性；在蒿属花粉非飘散期，３例标本中２例阴性，１例阳性（该例对屋内尘土皮肤试验也呈阳性反应）。由此提示：当外界环境中的特异性变应原含量增高时，花粉症患者的鼻粘膜上皮细胞表达Ｉ－ＣＡＭ－１，而无致敏原时，ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达为阴性。     

细胞间粘附分子在鼻息肉组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨以嗜酸粒细胞浸润为病理特征的鼻息肉组织中局部细胞间粘附分子的表达及其意义。方法对９例正常鼻粘膜和１９例鼻息肉组织冰冻切片，用细胞间粘附分子１（ｉｎｔｅｒｃｅｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ１，ＩＣＡＭ１）和淋巴细胞功能相关抗原１（ｌｙｍｐｈｏｃｙｔｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄａｎｔｉｇｅｎ１，ＬＦＡ１）单抗进行免疫组织化学及其与ＭＧＧ（ＭａｙＧｒüｗａｌｄＧｉｅｍｓａ）双染，光镜观察。结果与对照组相比，鼻息肉组织ＩＣＡＭ１和ＬＦＡ１的表达均显著增加，组织局部ＩＣＡＭ１的表达与大量ＬＦＡ１阳性的嗜酸粒细胞浸润密切相关。结论鼻息肉组织ＩＣＡＭ１和ＬＦＡ１的高表达，ＩＣＡＭ１／ＬＦＡ１相互作用促进了嗜酸粒细胞浸润，参与了局部的炎症过程，细胞间粘附分子（ＩＣＡＭ１／ＬＦＡ１）的高表达是鼻息肉发生、发展诸多因素中的重要因素之一。     

内耳免疫反应中内耳血管细胞粘附分子-1和α4-整合素的表达

目的 探讨血管细胞粘附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1，VCAM-1)和α4-整合素(α4-Integrin)在内耳免疫反应中的作用。方法 采用钥孔戚血蓝蛋白激发已两次全身致敏的大鼠内耳，诱发其内耳免疫反应，制造迷路炎模型，然后通过免疫组织化学技术，检测内耳VCAM-1和α4-Intergrin分别在内耳中的表达。结果 内耳激发后24小时，螺旋轴静脉(spiral modiolar vein，SMVs)及其回流小静脉(collecting venules,CVs)可见有VCAM-1表达，48小时达最高峰，维持此水平1周，然后下降。α4-Intergrin在致敏后24小时即可表达于浸润于SMV8和CVs及蜗神经周围的白细胞，铝小时达高峰，然后迅速下降。结论 内耳免疫反应时VCAM-1、α4-Intergrin在炎性细胞从循环系统进入内耳的过程中发挥着重要作用。     

飘散蒿属花粉对鼻粘膜上皮细胞粘附分子表达的影响

为探讨吸入性变应原对鼻炎患者鼻粘膜上皮细胞表达细胞间粘附分子的影响，对１１例蒿属花粉过敏的花粉症患者，采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ的方法，测定鼻粘膜上皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１的ｍＲＮＡ表达。     

Mondini-Alexander综合征1例报告

Ｍｏｎｄｉｎｉ－Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｅｒ综合征１例报告何文建Ｍｏｎｄｉｎｉ－Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｅｒ综合征为先天性内耳畸形，极为罕见，本文收治１例，报告如下：患者男，２２岁。因脑脊液鼻内流出６年致脑膜炎发作６次来院就诊。患者自幼右耳听力缺失，６年前因劳累后觉右耳...     

Interferon-gamma expression in the inner ear of rats following secondary immune reaction in the endolymphatic sac

Recently, we demonstrated increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the inner ear of systemically pre-sensitized rats after antigen [keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)] challenge into the endolymphatic sac (ES), in good correlation with the cellular infiltration. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is an important cytokine that upregulates the expression of ICAM-1. Here, we report upregulation of IFN-gamma expression in the inner ear of systemically pre-sensitized rats after antigen (KLH) challenge into the ES. Immunoreactivity for IFN-gamma was detected in the spiral ligament, suprastrial region, spiral modiolar veins, spiral collecting venules, surface membrane of the perilymphatic compartment and perilymphatic space of immunized, but not control, rats. IFN-gamma expression was detected at 1.5 h post-challenge, peaked at 6 h and gradually returned to baseline levels after 7 days. Interestingly, the time kinetics of IFN-gamma expression were in good correlation with those of ICAM-1. These observations demonstrate that antigen challenge into the ES induces IFN-gamma expression, which can then upregulate ICAM-1 expression and induce cell infiltration, suggesting that IFN-gamma may play a crucial role in immune-mediated inner ear diseases.     

Localization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in middle ear cholesteatoma

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) may have a role in acquired cholesteatoma, which is usually associated with an inflammatory reaction occurring in the middle ear cavity. The presence of ICAM-1 in human cholesteatomas was demonstrated by an immunoblotting assay using a specific monoclonal anti-ICAM-1 antibody after protein extraction. Distribution of ICAM-1 in the cholesteatoma tissues was then studied by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex staining. ICAM-1 appeared to be localized on keratinocytes in all layers of the epithelium and on Langerhans cells in both the epithelium and granulation tissue of cholesteatoma. ICAM-1 was not found in the epidermis of normal external ear canal skin, normal tympanic membrane or normal facial skin, but significant staining was seen on keratinocytes of hair follicles and glands in the facial skin. The present study is the first to demonstrate ICAM-1 in cholesteatoma and suggests that it may have an important role in the clinical development of cholesteatoma, including migration, adhesion and proliferation of lymphocytes, Langerhans cells and keratinocytes.     

Cell proliferation in the endolymphatic sac in situ during the immune response of inner ear

Background Normally, few immunocompetent cell are present in the endolymphatic sac (ES). During an active immune response in the inner ear, large amount of inflammatory cells, including immunocompetent cells, are seen in the ES. The current study aimed at assessing cellular proliferation within the ES during induced immune response in the inner ear. Methods Fifteen healthy, female SD rats were sensitized systemically with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), followed by local inoculation in the cochlea through basal turn fenestration with the same antigen. On Days 3, 7 and 14 following inoculation, the animal was sacrificed after intraperitoneal administration of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd), and the temporal bone harvested. Following decalcification, infiltration by BrdUrd- and IgG-positive cells in the ES was studied on frozen sections with H & E and immunohistochemical staining. Results During the secondary immune response in the inner ear against T-dependent antigens, there is increased cellular proliferation in the ES. The proliferated cells may differentiate into immunocompetent cells at the same location. Conclusions These findings indicate that the ES plays an important role in immune response of inner ear.     

Cell proliferation in endolymphatic sac during the immune response of inner ear]

OBJECTIVE: To study the cell proliferation in endolymphatic sac(ES) during the secondary immune response in inner ear. METHODS: Fifteen healthy, female SD rats were employed in the experiment. Sensitized systematically with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), the animals were inoculated with the same antigen through cochlea basal turn into the labyrinth. Administrated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) intraperitoneally, the rats were sacrificed and the temporal bones were harvested at 3, 7, 14 day after labyrinth vaccination respectively. The frozen sections of the decalcified samples were dealt with H-E staining and immunohistochemical methods to investigate the cellular infiltration, BrdUrd and IgG positive cells in the ES. RESULTS: While the ES lumen and perisaccular region were infiltrated with mononuclear-phagocyte at the 3rd day post-vaccination, plasmocyte and lymphatic cells become the predominant infiltrating cells in the ES at the 7th day. The KLH in the ES lumen were phagocytized at the 3-7th day post-vaccination. S-phase cells and IgG positive cells in ES increased markedly in the 3rd day and 7-14 days post-vaccination respectively with similar localization. CONCLUSION: The activity of cell proliferation in the ES enhance and local proliferated cells may differentiate in situ into immunocompetent cells during the secondary immune response against TD antigen in the inner ear. This indicates that ES plays an important role in immune response of inner ear.     

Cytokines and adhesion molecules in middle ear cholesteatoma. A role in epithelial growth?

The immune response is thought to play a role in dysregulating epithelial growth in cholesteatoma of the middle ear. Through immunohistochemistry (using 18 monoclonal antibodies) on 10 specimens from human middle ear cholesteatomas, T-helper cells mixed with plasma cells, macrophages and scattered T-suppressor and B cells, have been detected in the perimatrix. Mast cells have also been identified in the perimatrix, usually close to the epithelium. Elements positive for D-related human leukocyte antigens (HLA-DR) were more than half of the immune cells. The endothelium of the perimatrix showed a sharp reactivity to the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) and to the endothelial derived leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM1), which play a role in recluting inflammatory cells and modulating the immune response. The expression of ICAM1 in the basal layer of the matrix indicates the homing of inflammatory reactions at the epithelial-stromal junction of the cholesteatoma. An intense expression of interferon-gamma receptor (IFN gamma R) was found in the basal layers of the cholesteatoma matrix, and overexpression of the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) was found in all layers of the matrix. These data support the hypothesis that the epithelial cells in middle ear cholesteatoma are in an activated state and that their hyperproliferation is mediated through cytokines and adhesion molecules.     

内耳免疫反应时血清及外淋巴液IL-6水平的测定及其意义

为了解在用ｋｅｙｈｏｌｅ ｌｉｍｐｅｔ ｈｅｍｏｃｙａｎｉｎ引发的大鼠继发性内耳免疫反应时，实验动物血清及外淋巴液中是否有细胞因子活性的变化，采用免疫测定方法对实验动物血清及外淋巴液中白细胞介素活性进行测定。结果；在发生继发性内耳反应初始，外淋巴液未检测到ＩＬ－６，而６ｈ后外淋巴液中检测到了ＩＬ－６的最早水平，２４后ＩＬ－６水平达到最高峰。     

HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression and modulation in epithelial cells from nasal polyps

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Through human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, nasal epithelial cells could actively participate in the chronic inflammation and eosinophil infiltration observed in nasal polyps. The objective of the study was to evaluate HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression in polyp epithelium and in a culture model of polyp epithelial cells allowing ciliated and secretory differentiation. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective non-randomized controlled in vitro study. METHODS: The in vitro HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression was studied under basal conditions or after exposure to interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor-beta1, lipopolysaccharide, dexamethasone, or cetirizine. HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression was investigated in situ by immunohistochemical staining of polyps and in vitro by immunofluorescent staining of cell cultures. HLA-DR and ICAM-1 were localized in cultured cells by confocal microscopy. Cultured cells expressing HLA-DR and ICAM-1 were quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Both HLA-DR and ICAM-1 showed significant immunostaining of nasal polyp epithelium. In nasal polyp epithelial cell cultures, less than 5% of cells were positive for HLA-DR whereas 40% were positive for ICAM-1 at day 3. In vitro, HLA-DR was mainly located in the cytoplasm and ICAM-1 predominated on the apicolateral cytoplasmic membrane. Comparison of in situ and in vitro results showed that well-differentiated and poorly differentiated cells predominantly expressed HLA-DR and ICAM-1, respectively. Interferon-gamma significantly increased HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression, whereas transforming growth factor-beta1 significantly decreased HLA-DR expression and lipopolysaccharide significantly increased ICAM-1 expression. CONCLUSION: HLA-DR and ICAM-1 epithelial expression in nasal polyps in situ and in vitro and their in vitro modulation reinforce the active role of epithelial cells in chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper airways.