Property of corroded concrete under compressive uniaxial loads

In order to study the compressive property of corroded concrete, accelerated corrosion test were performed on concrete C30.6 corrosive solutions, including hydraulic acid solution （pH=2）, hydraulic acid solution （pH=3） were applied as the corrosive medium. 6 series of corrosion tests, including 111 specimens, were carried out. Mechanical properties of all the corroded specimens were tested respectively. Compressive properties of the corroded specimens （e.g. compressive strength, stress-strain relation, elastic modulus etc.） were achieved. Taking the strength degradation ratio and strain energy loss as damage index, effects of the corrosion solution on the compressive property of corroded concrete were discussed in detail. Relationship between the damage index and corrosion state of specimens were achieved.     

双向等比例加载下的混凝土动态抗压性能

为了研究混凝土试件在多轴受力、不同应力途径下的动态力学性能,采用大型静动态电液伺服试验系统,对混凝土试件进行双轴应力状态下等比例加载的动态抗压试验.双轴加载比例为1∶0、1∶05、1∶1,应变速率分别为10^-5/s、10^-4/s、10^-3/s、10^-2/s 4个量级.通过试验,研究了在不同应变速率、不同应力比情况下,混凝土抗压强度、弹性模量、峰值应变、应力应变曲线的性能.试验结果表明,随着应变速率的提高,各种应力比下混凝土的抗压强度、弹性模量均有提高.在相同应变速率下,与单轴动态受压相比,1∶0.5的应力比其抗压强度提高幅度大.     

Moisture effect on compressive behavior of concrete under dynamic loading

The effect of moisture content upon compressive mechanical behavior of concrete under impact loading was studied. The axial rapid compressive loading tests of over 50 specimens with five different saturations were executed. The technique ＂split Hopkinson pressure bar＂（SHPB） was used. The impact velocity was 10 m/s with corresponding strain rate of 50 s-1. The compressive behavior of materials was measured in terms of stress-strain curves, dynamic compressive strength, dynamic increase factor（DIF） and critical strain at a maximum stress. The data obtained from test indicate that both ascending and descending portions of stress-stain curves are affected by moisture content. However, the effect is noted to be more significant in ascending portion of the stress-strain curves. Dynamic compressive strength is higher at lower moisture content and weaker at higher moisture content.Furthermore, under nearly saturated condition, an increase in compressive strength can be found. The effect of moisture content on the average DIF of concrete is not significant. The critical compressive strain of concrete does not change with moisture content.     

The complete stress-strain curve of recycled aggregate concrete under uniaxial compression loading

The mechanical performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is investigated. An experiment on the complete stress-strain curve under uniaxial compression loading of RAC is carried out. The experimental results indicate that the peak stress, peak strain, secant modulus of the peak point and original point increase with the strength grade of RAC enhanced. On the contrary, the residual stress of RAC decreases with the strength grade enhancing, and the failure of RAC is often broken at the interface between the recycled aggregate and the mortar matrix. Finally, the constitutive model of stress-strain model of RAC has been constituted, and the results from the constitutive model of stress-strain meet the experiment results very well.     

单轴压缩荷载下含黏结面花岗岩能量演化研究

为探究能量演化在含黏结面不完整岩石受载过程中的规律,选取带有矿物质黏结斜面的花岗岩进行单轴循环加卸载压缩试验,同时在试验过程中进行声发射检测.得到以下结论:"有效能比"(累积弹性能/输入岩石的总能)可以作为岩石储能水平的表征,也可间接反映岩石内部结构随应力状态的改变;从整个加载过程来看,黏结面部位破坏的声发射释能短促、强烈,峰值强度时声发射持续时间较长,但声发射释能率相比黏结面破坏时较低;应力水平较低时,卸载过程中一般不会有声发射现象或声发射现象基本可以忽略,但当应力水平达到一定值时,即花岗岩积聚的弹性能超过了黏结面部位破坏的耗散能时,花岗岩在卸载时会发生短促、强烈的脆性破坏;由于声发射能量属于耗散能的一部分,定义"声发射检测效率"(声发射累积能量/累积耗散能),对于本次试验对象而言,"声发射检测效率"在压密阶段降低,弹性阶段升高,黏结面局部破坏时达到峰值,之后直至峰值强度该值呈现持续降低趋势;从能量角度分析,卸载破裂所对应的应力水平低于加载强度,但不应低于与峰值强度时耗散能大小相等的弹性能所对应的应力水平.     

零屈服应力下混凝土三轴受压塑性模型

为了模拟混凝土真三轴压缩的力学性质,在分析混凝土真三轴和常规三轴压缩试验结果基础上,以经典塑性力学为理论基础,建立了混凝土的真三轴本构模型.模型考虑了混凝土初始屈服强度为0的实验特性,采用4参数的Hsieh-Ting-Chen作为破坏准则,假定材料强化和软化符合各向同性和非相关联的塑性流动法则,并将混凝土压缩实验中的扩容和塑性功相联系起来,把lode角引入塑性势函数中.模型与两种不同配比的混凝土立方体试件分别在6组不同加载路径下的试验结果进行了验证.     

Statistical damage constitutive model for concrete materials under uniaxial compression

According to the damage mechanism of concrete material during the uniaxial compressive failure process,this paper further establishes the statistical damage constitutive model of concrete subjected to uniaxial compressive stress based on the statistical damage model under uniaxial tension. The damage evolution law in the direction subjected to pressure is confirmed by the tensile damage evolution process of lateral deformation due to the Poisson effect,and then the compressive stress-strain relationship is defined. The peak nominal stress state and the critical state occurring in the macro longitudinal distributed splitting cracks are distinguished. The whole loading process can be divided into the even damage phase and the local breakage phase. The concrete specimen is divided into the failure process zone and the resting unloading zone. The size effects during the local breakage phase under the uniaxial monotonic compressive process and the hysteretic phenomenon under the cyclic compressive loading process are analyzed. Finally,the comparison between theoretical results and experimental results preliminarily verifies the rationality and feasibility of understanding the failure mechanism of concrete through the statistical damage constitutional law.     

混凝土三轴受压等幅疲劳力学性能试验研究

为研究混凝土在多轴疲劳应力作用下的性能,进行了0.0fc、0．1fc、0．25fc、0．4fc4个不同初始定侧压级别下的混凝土三轴压静载试验和0．1c、0．25fc两个不同初始定侧压级别下的混凝土三轴压等幅疲劳试验,疲劳试验中最小应力水平均为0．1fc,最大应力水平为1．6fc-2．5fc．根据初始定侧压下混凝土三轴压本构特征,试验中将侧压变化的拐点作为其多轴疲劳破坏的判据．试验分析表明,三轴压疲劳荷载作用下混凝土纵向最大、最小应变表现出同单轴和双轴疲劳一样的三阶段规律,而变形模量则衰减不大．由各侧压级别下的S-N曲线得到混凝土在相应工况下的疲劳强度折减系数,其研究成果可为混凝土结构疲劳设计提供参考．     

偏高岭土高性能混凝土的轴压应力-应变关系

采用美国产MTS试验机,研究了掺偏高岭土(Melakaolin,MK)的混凝土轴压应力-应变关系．试验结果表明,随着MK掺量的增加,混凝土的抗压强度随之提高,特别是早期强度提高更为显著．弹性模量略有提高,但幅度明显小于强度提高值．混凝土的韧性得到改善．此外,MK对混凝土的流动性影响较小,且能显著改善粘聚性和保水性．因此,偏高岭土是一种优异的高强高性能混凝土掺合料．     

Experimental and theoretical research on residual strength of plain concrete under compressive fatigue loading

To investigate the residual strength of concrete under fatigue loading, experiments were conducted to determine the functional relation between residual strength and the number of cycles. 80 100mm × 100mm × 100mm specimens of plain concrete were tested under uniaxial compressive fatigue loading. Based on probabili- ty distribution of the residual strength of concrete under fatigue loading, the empirical expressions of the residual strength corresponding to the number of cycles were obtained. There is a good correlation between residual strength and residual secant elastic modulus. Thus the relationship between residual secant elastic modulus and the number of cycles is established. A damage variable based on the longitudinal maximum strain is defined, and a good linearity relationship between residual strength and damage is found out.     

锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪承载力分析模型

锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的传统抗剪承载力模型大多属于经验模型,考虑的影响因素不全面且缺乏严密的理论推导,导致计算精度有限。基于修正压力场理论,建立了可以综合考虑钢筋锈蚀对临界斜裂缝倾角、梁有效抗剪截面积、配筋率、配箍率等关键因素影响的锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪承载力模型,通过与85组试验数据和现有模型的对比分析,验证了模型的适用性和计算精度。结果表明,该模型具有严密的理论基础,考虑的影响因素全面,计算精度较高、离散性较小。     

Failure of rock under dynamic compressive loading

Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar（SHPB） test was simulated to investigate the distribution of the first principal stress and damage zone of specimen subjected to dynamic compressive load. Numerical models of plate-type specimen containing cracks with inclined angles of 0°,45° and 90° were also established to investigate the crack propagation and damage evolution under dynamic loading. The results show that the simulation results are in accordance with the failure patterns of specimens in experimental test. The interactions between stress wave and crack with different inclined angles are different; damage usually appears around the crack tips firstly; and then more damage zones develop away from the foregoing damage zone after a period of energy accumulation; eventually,the damage zones run through the specimen in the direction of applied loading and split the specimen into pieces.     

FRP约束混凝土圆柱应力-应变分析模型

为精确模拟FRP约束混凝土的单轴受压性能,提出了FRP约束混凝土圆柱应力-应变分析模型的建立方法.在分析国内外大量试验数据基础上,依据八面体强度准则提出了FRP约束混凝土圆柱极限强度的计算方法,分析FRP约束混凝土圆柱极限应变与侧向约束强度的关系,建立了极限应变的计算方法;分析应力-应变全曲线试验结果中轴向应变与环向应变的关系,建立由轴向应变确定环向应变的计算公式;以Mander本构模型为主动约束关系,采用增量方法计算了FRP约束混凝土圆柱的应力-应变系曲线,模型预测结果与多数试验结果吻合较好.     

疲劳荷载作用下混凝土的边界面模型研究

边界面模型是少数可以描述混凝土在复杂的多轴循环荷载作用下性能的本构模型之一,它具有相对简单、应用方便的优点．首先总结了混凝土边界面模型研究的历史沿革,分析了它的构建方法;为了研究以损伤参数控制收缩的一类边界面模型对混凝土的疲劳寿命预测、非线性力学性能描述的能力以及对疲劳加载参数的敏感性,编制了计算程序,将计算结果与试验值进行了比较;分析了这类边界面模型的主要缺陷,提出了进一步完善的思路．     

Crack initiation stress and strain of jointed rock containing multi-cracks under uniaxial compressive loading: A particle flow code approach

The ratio of crack initiation stress to the uniaxial compressive strength(SCI,B/SUC,B) and the ratio of axial strain at the crack initiation stress to the axial strain at the uniaxial compressive strength(B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS) were studied by performing numerical stress analysis on blocks having multi flaws at close spacing's under uniaxial loading using PFC3 D. The following findings are obtained: SCI,B/SUC,B has an average value of about 0.5 with a variability of ± 0.1. This range agrees quite well with the values obtained by former research. For joint inclination angle, β=90°,B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is found to be around 0.48 irrespective of the value of joint continuity factor, k. No particular relation is found betweenB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS and β; however, the average B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS seems to slightly decrease with increasing k. The variability ofB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is found to increase with k.Based on the cases studied in this work,B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS ranges between 0.3 and 0.5. This range is quite close to the range of 0.4to 0.6 obtained for SCI,B/SUC,B. The highest variability of ± 0.12 forB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is obtained for k=0.8. For the remaining k values the variability ofB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS can be expressed within ± 0.05. This finding is very similar to the finding obtained for the variability of SCI,B/SUC,B.     

二次受力CFRP布加固混凝土矩形柱抗压强度计算方法研究

在一次受力下CFRP布加固混凝土矩形柱抗压强度理论公式的基础上,按照叠加原理和强度代换原理推导了二次受力下CFRP布加固混凝土矩形柱抗压强度理论公式,并采用ANSYS软件对CFRP布加固混凝土柱的二次受力性能进行了数值模拟,将试验值与理论值及ANSYS值进行对比,结果基本吻合,证明了理论推导的科学性,为加固工程提供了一定的理论参考．     

矩形钢套筒约束混凝土轴心受压应力应变关系

进行了6个矩形钢套筒约束混凝土试件的轴心受压试验,试验结果表明：矩形钢套筒能够对其内部混凝土形成有效约束,显著提高混凝土受压峰值应力,使约束混凝土受压应力应变曲线的下降段更加平缓,有效改善混凝土的极限变形能力。在试验的基础上,通过对试验中钢套筒的应变和钢套筒内混凝土的受力状态进行分析,给出了矩形钢套筒对混凝土横向有效约束力的计算方法,借用Mander模型,进一步提出了受约束混凝土单轴受压应力应变计算模型。将计算模型与试验的钢套筒约束混凝土应力应变曲线进行对比,二者吻合良好。     

硫酸盐腐蚀后混凝土单轴受压本构关系

为了研究硫酸盐侵蚀环境下混凝土力学性能的变化,对受硫酸盐腐蚀的普通混凝土进行单轴受压实验.通过实验室加速腐蚀的实验方法,测定不同腐蚀时期的混凝土的应力应变全曲线,研究受腐蚀混凝土应力-应变曲线上的几个特征值(峰值应力及应变、弹性模量、割线模量、拐点应力及应变、收敛点应力及应变)随腐蚀程度变化的规律,对腐蚀后混凝土的应力应变全曲线进行拟合.结果表明:随腐蚀的进行,混凝土峰值应力、弹性模量先增加后减小,而峰值应变是先稍微有所减小,而后急剧增大;该实验条件下获得了受腐蚀后混凝土应力应变曲线上各特征值与峰值应力fc′的关系式,建立了曲线上升段参数αa的数学表达式.可以以受腐蚀混凝土的强度为基本参数,分别求解受腐蚀混凝土峰值应变、弹性模量,上升段曲线拟合参数、拐点应力以及收敛点应力.从而得到受腐蚀混凝土一系列的力学参数和本构关系.