11C-MET PET/CT 脑肿瘤显像临床初步应用

目的:初步评价11C-MET PET/CT脑显像临床应用价值.方法:研究对象为5例健康志愿者和36例脑部肿瘤患者,健康志愿者行11C-MET PET/CT脑显像,并作为对照组,36例脑部肿瘤患者中19例同时行11C-MET及18F-FDG PET/CT显像,17例仅行11C-MET PET/CT显像;结合健康对照组图像,对本组36例脑部肿瘤患者11C-MET PET/CT脑显像进行分析,并对同时进行18F-FDG PET显像者进行配对比较.结果:所有患者中11C-MET PET/CT显像阳性者30例,T/B均值为1.72±0.39,18F-FDG PET/CT显像阳性者9例,T/B均值为1.49±0.13.19例患者接受11C-MET PET/CT及18F-FDG PET/CT脑显像,T/B均值分别为1.64±0.49及1.16±0.36 (t=3.33,P<0.01).11C-MET PET/CT显像诊断脑肿瘤初诊患者灵敏度、特异度及准确度均为100%,其诊断脑肿瘤复发的灵敏度、特异度及准确度分别为94.7%(18/19)、100%(5/5)、95.8%(23/24).结论:单独行11C-MET PET/CT脑显像可满足大多数脑肿瘤患者治疗前定位与治疗后疗效监测的需要;若与18F-FDG PET显像联合应用,更可能在肿瘤分级上获得帮助.     

获得性免疫缺陷患者18F-FDG PET/CT表现分析

目的 探讨AIDS患者18F-FDG PET/CT表现.方法 对12例AIDS患者行18F-FDG PET/CT检查,分析其PET/CT表现.结果 18F-FDG PET/CT诊断肺结核且合并肺外结核3例,全身播散性结核1例;弓形虫脑炎2例,脑胶质瘤、脑结核、脑囊虫病和进行性多灶性白质脑病各1例;肝细胞肝癌和食道癌各1例.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像对AIDS患者相关感染、肿瘤等疾病有较高的诊断价值.     

新生儿脑18F-FDG PET显像初步研究

目的 观察部分新生儿肺炎患儿和早产儿的脑^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET显像图,从代谢角度分析其脑功能.方法 对9例新生儿肺炎患儿及7例早产儿行脑^18F-FDG PET检查.结果 新生儿正常脑^18F-FDG PET影像与成人及儿童明显不同,整个脑的结构不清晰,其葡萄糖代谢活性区主要集中在丘脑、小脑、感觉运动皮质、基底节等脑组织,其中丘脑摄取^18F-FDG最多,大脑皮质摄取^18F-FDG的量较低.分别用1、2、3 min的透射采集作衰减校正,所得图像质量无明显差异.结论 脑^18F-FDG PET显像可作为研究新生儿脑功能代谢行之有效的方法之一.对新生儿行脑^18F-FDGPET显像应尽量减少透射采集时间.     

帕金森病脑部葡萄糖代谢和脑多巴胺转运体PET显像特点的临床研究

目的 探讨18F-FDG脑代谢联合11C-甲基-N-2β-甲基酯-3β（4-F苯基）托烷（11C-CFT）脑多巴胺转运体（DAT）PET双显像在帕金森病（PD）诊断与病情严重程度评估中的应用价值。 方法 对55例不同严重程度的PD患者及30名健康对照者分别行18F-FDG脑代谢显像和11C-CFT脑DAT PET显像检查,通过勾画ROI,比较PET图像中不同严重程度的PD患者与健康对照者中脑基底节区葡萄糖代谢及DAT分布的差异,分析18F-FDG PET、11C-CFT PET显像在不同严重程度PD评估中的作用及特点。 结果 与健康对照者相比,18F-FDG PET显像中PD患者脑葡萄糖代谢改变主要为双侧基底节区壳核对称性代谢增高,同时部分患者伴有大脑皮质不同程度代谢减低;11C-CFT PET显像中PD患者双侧尾状核、壳核前、中、后部表现为DAT分布不同程度减低。单侧症状者或双侧症状者均以患侧对侧基底节区壳核DAT分布减低明显,并以壳核后部DAT分布减低为著。 结论 18F-FDG PET联合11C-CFT PET双显像在PD诊断及病情严重程度评估中有应用价值。     

18F-FDG PET在淋巴瘤分期和治疗反应评价中的价值

18F-FDG PET显像对淋巴瘤的诊断、分期作用显著,对淋巴瘤病灶的探测灵敏度和准确性高于67Ga显像.在化疗过程中和化疗后持续18F-FDG PET阳性对预测复发有高灵敏度.治疗结束时18F-FDG PET阴性提示患者预后好.与其他常规显像相比,18F-FDG PET在监测淋巴瘤疗效、判断治疗反应方面有独特优势.     

18F-FDG PET显像在胰腺癌诊断中的临床应用

目的：探讨^18F-FDG PET显像在胰腺癌诊断中的应用价值。方法：54例临床怀疑为胰腺癌的患者均行^18F-FDG PET显像,对显像结果进行目测法及半定量分析,并与CT、手术、腹腔镜取病理等进行对比研究。结果：^18F-FDG PET显像对胰腺癌诊断的敏感度为93％(38／41),特异度为85g(11／13)。CT对胰腺癌诊断的敏感度为76N(31／41),特异度为69％(9／13)。^18F-FDG PET显像发现7例CT检查未能确定的肝、肺及淋巴结转移,同时PET诊断结果使15例(28％)患者的临床治疗方案得到修正。结论：^18F-FDG PET显像对胰腺癌的诊断及临床分期具有较好的临床应用价值。     

11C-胆碱对18F-FDG PET/CT显像诊断鼻咽癌和肝细胞肝癌的补充价值

目的 探讨11C-胆碱(CHO) PET/CT对18F-FDG PET/CT显像诊断鼻咽癌(NPC)和HCC的补充价值.方法 将明确诊断的NPC和HCC患者纳入该研究.该研究经医院伦理委员会通过,患者均签署知情同意书.2007年12月至2010年1月,15例局部进展型NPC和76例HCC患者均行18 F-FDG PET/CT显像,其中43例(15例NPC和28例HCC)同时行局部11C-CHO PET/CT显像.病灶处出现18 F-FDG或11C-CHO高摄取者为阳性.半定量分析采用SUVmax、肿瘤/脑(T/B)比值和肿瘤/肝(T/L)比值等指标.统计学分析采用两样本t检验、x2检验、Fisher确切概率法和直线相关分析.结果 (1)在15例局部进展型NPC患者中,病灶处18F-FDG SUVmax明显高于11 C-CHO SUVmax (12.81 ±5.00与6.84±2.76;t =6.416,P＜0.01),但11C-CHO PET/CT显像T/B比值明显高于18F-FDG PET/CT显像(18.62±7.95与1.38±0.59;t=8.801,P＜0.01).2种显像剂在病灶处的摄取结果明显相关(r =0.712,P＜0.01).与18F-FDG PET/CT显像比较,11C-CHO显像改进了50.0％(12/12与6/12;x2=8.000,P＜0.05)患者颅内侵犯病灶、4/14患者颅底侵犯病灶和3/3患者眼眶侵犯病灶的显示.(2)在76例HCC患者中,63.1％ (48/76)的患者18F-FDG PET/CT显像阳性.在28例18 F-FDG PET/CT显像阴性者中,71.4％ (20/28)的患者11C-CHO PET/CT显像阳性.18F-FDG联合11C-CHO使PET/CT诊断HCC的灵敏度从63.1％(48/76)提高到89.5％ (68/76;x2=14.559,P＜0.01).与18F-FDG PET/CT显像比较,11C-CHO PET/CT显像倾向易于检出高分化HCC[6/9与35.7％(5/14);P =0.214];在检测中分化HCC方面,两者差异无统计学意义[6/7与72.0％(18/25),P=0.648].11C-CHO PET/CT显像在检测直径＜5.0 cm的HCC方面较18 F-FDG PET/CT显像灵敏[72.7％ (16/22)与42.1％ (16/38);x2=5.249,P＜0.05],特别是＜2.0 cm病灶[5/7与0/7;P=0.021].结论 11C-CHO与18F-FDG相结合可提高PET/CT对局部进展型NPC T分期诊断的准确性.11C-CHO可弥补18F-FDG显像在高中分化HCC诊断中的不足,从而提高PET/CT的诊断灵敏度.     

18F-FDG PET显像诊断肺内局灶性病变

利用18F-FDG PET肺显像对照观察肺内孤立性结节、团块及浸润性病灶的18F-FDG标准摄取比(SUR)的变化,探讨了PET显像在鉴别诊断肺内局灶病变的良恶性的意义。     

11C-胆碱和18F-FDG PET/CT显像在脑胶质瘤诊断中的应用

目的 探讨11C-胆碱和18F-FDG PET/CT在脑胶质瘤显像中的意义,以提高PET/CT对脑胶质瘤病变的诊断价值。 方法 分别对21例颅脑占位疑似脑胶质瘤患者行11C-胆碱及18F-FDG PET/CT颅脑显像,分析11C-胆碱和18F-FDG最大标准化摄取值（SUV_max）与患者年龄、病理类型之间的关系。 结果 21例患者的18F-FDG和11C-胆碱SUV_max与患者年龄无显著相关性,18F-FDG SUV_max与病变的良、恶性也无显著相关性,而11C-胆碱SUV_max与病变良、恶性存在一定相关性。 结论 11C-胆碱PET/CT在诊断和鉴别颅内胶质瘤病变中具有重要的价值和意义。     

应用全身18F-FDG PET/PET-CT为脑转移瘤患者寻找原发灶

目的 评价全身18F-FDG PET/PET-CT在脑转移瘤寻找原发灶中的诊断价值.方法 对67例以脑转移瘤查找原发灶为主诉的肿瘤患者的18F-FDG PET/PET-CT资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组67例患者中57例患者的原发灶位置得到了确诊,原发灶的检出率为85.1%;其中原发性肺癌29例,占50.9%;所有肺癌中病理分型为低分化腺癌者共13/29例,占44.8%.除可检出原发灶外,18F-FDG PET/PET-CT全身显像还检出肺转移、淋巴结转移、骨转移、肝转移及其他少见部位的转移灶.与"F-FDG PET-CT相比,单纯的18F-FDG PET图像对肺转移病灶的检出率仅为10.9%.结论 18F-FDG PET/PET-CT的全身扫描有利于发现原发灶及其他转移灶.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.