黄孢原毛平革菌对直接深蓝L—3RB的脱色降解

直接深蓝Ｌ－３ＲＢ的生物脱色降解研究表明，ＯＧＣ１０１和ＢＫＭ－Ｆ－１７６７两菌种对染料均有迅速有效的吸附脱色及了和解能力。共培育３０天，脱色率达９５￣１００％，降解率为５４￣１００％。菌中液，培养方式及染料浓度等都对脱色和降解有影响，表现出较为复杂的相互依赖关系。分光光度法测定培养液染料最大吸收波长处吸光度的变化以及最大吸收波长的移动，以确定吸附脱色及生物降解能力。发生最大吸收波长向短波方向的显     

黄孢原毛平革菌对两种双偶氮染料的脱色降解

黄孢原毛平革攻与两以偶氮染料－－直接黄ＲＳ和直接湖蓝５Ｂ共培养表明：各种培养参数对染料的脱色和降解有显著影响。攻系ＯＧＣ１０１比菌系ＢＫＭ－Ｆ－１６７有更强的降解能力；浅层静培养明显比没动培养效果好；其原因涉及到氧的转移和利用。无论是脱色率和降解率，直接湖蓝５Ｂ对菌更有敏感性，这是与染料的结构特征有关。一些样品显示染料浓度升高，脱色率和降解率也随之增大。分光光度法测定培养液染料最大吸收波长处吸光度     

黄孢原毛平革菌对两种双偶氮染料的脱色降解

黄孢原毛平革菌与两种双偶氮染料—直接黄RS和直接湖蓝5B共培养表明：各种培养参数对染料的脱色和降解有显著影响。菌系OGC101比菌系BKM－F－1767有更强的降解能力；浅层静培养明显比浸没动培养效果好；其原因涉及到氧的转移和利用。无论是脱色率和降解率，直接湖蓝5B对苗更有敏感性，这是与染料的结构特征有关。一些样品显示染料浓度升高，脱色率和降解率也随之增大。分光光度法测定培养液染料最大吸收波长处吸光度变化以及最大吸收波长的移动，以确定吸附脱色和生物降解能力。观察到最大吸收波长向短波方向的显著移动及培养液颜色的改变，说明新的有色中间物围降解而生成。     

碳毡电极用于电芬顿脱色性能及机理研究

为了探究CF电极在电芬顿脱色中的应用性能及机理，通过对阴极材料的对比，建立了以碳毡为阴极的电芬顿降解体系，探讨了不同操作参数如废液pH、O₂流量、电压、Fe²⁺浓度等因素对活性红195染料废水的脱色率、COD去除率的影响。根据实验结果，采用碳毡做阴极，Fe²⁺浓度为20 mg/L,pH为3、O₂流量60 mL/min、电压3 V条件下，反应3 h染料几乎完全脱色，COD去除率可达73.31%；利用猝灭实验初步探讨了染料降解的主要机制，·OH的生成及其强氧化作用是染料降解的主要因素；利用UV-Vis及GC-MS对染料降解机理进行了分析，发现反应前30 min降解速度最快；电极稳定性实验及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)形貌分析证明了碳毡阴极具有良好的电化学稳定性。     

活性染料染色废水的日光脱色降解

在太阳光照射条件下，使用铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐络合物／H2O2对存在于水中三种中温型活性染料进行光催化降解研究，重点考察了太阳光的强度和活性染料的浓度对脱色降解反应的影响结果表明：太阳光的强度低于50001ux，染料的脱色率低于40％；在高于400001ux、照射60分钟脱色率高于98％，在高于900001ux时，照射10分钟，可使活性蓝MS脱色率接近100%，太阳光的强度越高，溶液中的染料浓度越低。     

黄孢原毛平革菌合成的木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶及其菌球在染料脱色过程中的作用

在黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)限氮浸没式培养中，获得了含木质素过氧化物酶(LiP)和锰过氧化物酶(MnP)、只含LiP或MnP以及无LiP和MnP的4种培养物，考察了LiP，MnP及菌球在染料脱色过程中的作用. 结果表明，4种培养物对6种染料都有明显的脱色效果，甲基橙、橙I、次甲基蓝脱色率在90%左右，刚果红、直接湖蓝脱色率在80%左右，结晶紫脱色率在60%左右. 无酶情况下染料的脱色主要是菌球的吸附，有酶情况下染料的脱色主要是酶的降解. 菌球在脱色过程中除了吸附染料外，还起到提供H2O2和藜芦醇的作用，促进了染料的降解.     

铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐配合物对水溶性染料的光降解研究

铁 -草酸盐配合物在高压汞灯 (λ =313nm)的照射下 ,可使活性艳红X3-B和活性黑K -BR染料水溶液脱色降解。染料初始浓度在 10～ 5 0mg·L-1范围 ,脱色降解过程具有一级反应动力学特征 ,脱色降解速率随染料初始浓度的增大而降低。在 2 .0～ 3.0时 ,染料的脱色降解效果最佳。铁 /草酸盐配比不同也会影响染料溶液的脱色降解速率     

影响黄孢原毛平革菌对刚果红脱色降解的培养因素

建立黄孢原毛平革菌与刚果红的共培养体系，研究培养参数对染料脱色降解的影响，结果表明：（1）在含缓冲成分的系统中，菌种BKM-F-1767的能力比OGC101强，pH值4.5的培养液比H值3.0有利于反应进行，浅层培养较深层培养好，缓冲成分差别的作用不明显。（2）在不含缓冲成分的系统中，生长与反应阶段培养液均为pH值4.5时，效果最佳；生长于pH值4.5，反应在pH值3.0脱色率和降解率高于生长及反应都在pH值3.0的情况，但仍有25-40%的刚果红牢固地结合在菌体上；pH值4.5生长，pH值6.0反应，导致反应启动滞后约4-6天，最终结果尚好。     

臭氧对阳离子染料的脱色研究

考察了臭氧对阳离子红GTL、阳离子蓝FGL、阳离子桃红FG的色度脱除、溶液pH值和TOC浓度的变化情况，并对降解后溶液中的残留物进行了分析。结果发现，染料脱色效果明显，20min脱色率均达到79．5％以上；有酸性物质生成并使得溶液的pH值随反应时间下降；生成CO：或可挥发性的有机物使得溶液的TOC浓度逐渐降低，40minTOC浓度下降率均达到21．9％以上；TOC、pH与脱色率在总体上变化趋势一致。反应中，染料分子中的-SO3H、-C1基团均大部分生成了-So^2-4、CI，PO^3-4以游离的H2PO4存在于溶液中，氮则是根据基团的不同而部分被降解生成NO3。     

黄孢原毛平革菌对直接深蓝L-3RB的脱色降解

直接深蓝L—3RB的生物脱色降解研究表明:OGC101和BKM-F-1767两菌种对染料均有迅速有效的吸附脱色及降解能力。共培育30天,脱色率达95～100％,降解率为54～100％。菌种、缓冲液、培养方式及染料浓度等都对脱色和降解有影响,表现出较为复杂的相互依赖关系。分光光度法测定培养液染料最大吸收波长处吸光度的变化以及最大吸收波长的移动,以确定吸附脱色及生物降解能力。发生最大吸收波长向短波方向的显著移动及培养液颜色的改变,说明新的有色中间物因降解而生成。     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。     

典型煤碳燃烧特性研究和数值模拟

本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象，分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式，实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下，其碳的初期和中，后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础，建立了煤的碳燃烧模型，变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程，揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

卫生陶瓷烧成用窑炉发展之我见

归纳了当今卫生陶瓷工业的发展现状和水平 ,对窑炉产业提出了的新要求 ,分析了某一新型窑炉的特点 ,对发展我国陶瓷窑炉产业提出了建议     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.