Influence of Friction on Surface Asperity Flattening Process in Cold Uniaxial Planar Compression (CUPC)

Atomic force microscope and electron back-scattering diffraction measurement methods were used to study the effects of friction on surface asperity flattening and surface texture during the uniaxial planar compression of annealed aluminum alloy. With an increase in gauged reduction, surface asperity tended to be flattened. Friction could boost the surface asperity flattening process by reducing the flow stress in deformation. The development of surface asperity features demonstrated that friction can effectively hinder the development of the Goss orientation component {011} <100> and clearly promote the generation of brass orientation {011} <100> orientation. Regardless of whether the sample was compressed with lubricant or not, a few S orientation component {123} <634> formed in sample edge area.     

纯铝单向压缩过程的晶体塑性有限元模拟

在率相关晶体塑性理论框架下,分别将Taylor模型和有限单元模型两种多晶模型嵌入有限元程序ABAQUS中,实现了纯铝单向压缩过程的晶体塑性有限元模拟。直接将电子背散射衍射（EBSD）获取的晶粒初始取向输入UMAT子程序,预测了单向压缩1050纯铝过程的力学响应与变形织构演化。结果表明：模拟力学响应结果与试验结果有较好的一致性,同时也存在一定偏差。随着真应变的增加,压缩丝织构（〈110〉织构）趋于锋锐,模拟结果与EBSD试验测得的织构演化结果能较好地吻合。     

静态接触中表面纹理对塑性变形界面微凸体平坦化的影响

试验研究了静态接触中表面纹理对塑性变形界面微凸体平坦化的影响。运用抛光技术制备了两种试件表面:单向纹理表面和各向同性表面。采用HDM-20端面摩擦试验机,分别在有、无润滑油条件下对试件进行了压缩试验。用JM-6200型光学显微镜观测试件表面形貌结构的变化;用Talysurf CCI Lite测量三维表面参数,并选取S_a、S_(al)、S_(tr)、S_(dr)和S_(dq)等参数来定量描述试件表面形貌结构的变化。结果表明,试件表面纹理对微凸体平坦化行为具有明显的影响,无润滑油时各向同性表面微凸体平坦化程度大于单向纹理表面,但有润滑油时刚好相反;表面纹理对微凸体平坦化的影响使得三维表面参数发生了规律性变化。基于机械流变模型的分析表明,封闭润滑油坑的出现导致了有润滑油时表面纹理影响微凸体平坦化行为。通过封闭润滑油坑特征的提取,验证了分析的正确性。     

钛合金加工表面晶体塑性模拟和分析

基于晶体塑性理论对TC4钛合金正交切削加工表面进行了织构的模拟仿真和分析。建立了TC4钛合金切削有限元仿真模型,通过正交切削实验中切屑形态特征和切削力验证了仿真模型的合理性和可靠性。采用所建立的仿真模型提取并分析了钛合金切削加工表面剪切塑性应变和应变率随时间的变化规律,并利用Taylor多晶体模型以及Voce硬化模型对加工表面织构进行了模拟,获得了极图和ODF图。对图像进行分析后结果表明,切削加工表面出现了典型的柱面织构和剪切织构。     

一种三维有限元网格的快速消隐算法

提出了一种利用三维有限元网格相关性实现三维有限元网格快速消隐算法。该算法通过对单元面的排序直接剔除了内部完全不可见网格 ,避免了大量的线、面查找计算 ;通过单元面的深度排序 ,避免了消隐算法中的大量求交和比较计算 ,从而达到大大减小计算量、实现快速消隐的目的。本文所提出的消隐方法速度快、稳定性好 ,在实际应用中取得了满意的效果。     

Finite Element Modelling of Lamb Waves Propagation in 3D Plates and Brass Tubes for Damage Detection

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is becoming very significant for preventing catastrophic failures and uninterrupted operation. Due to continuous developments in SHM Lamb wave technique, finite element simulation is emerging as an initial step to be performed to visualize the potential solution to problem. The present study focus on the simulation of Lamb wave response using finite element method and its application to crack detection and identification in 3D aluminium plates and brass tubes using commercially available finite element package ABAQUS. Phase velocity and group velocity dispersion curve are initially plotted for aluminium and brass material. Subsequently simulation of distinct specimens with and without presence cracks is performed. Simulation results were validated and compared with actual results and were found to be in reasonably good agreement. A damage index parameter i.e. amplitude ratio is defined to notice the effect of crack dimensions variation. Interaction of Lamb waves with rectangular, semi-elliptical and semi-circular cracks (shallow to deep) is studied in detail. Also the application of signal processing techniques such as Spectrogram analysis, Fourier transform and Hilbert transform is also reported in this paper.     

CrMnFeCoNi高熵合金拉伸断裂的晶体塑性有限元模拟

CrMnFeCoNi高熵合金的优异力学性能使其具有广阔的工程应用前景.材料力学行为的本构描述对其工程服役行为的安全评估至关重要,但是描述CrMnFeCoNi高熵合金拉伸断裂行为的本构模型少见报道.基于晶体塑性本构模型,利用Cohesive单元在多晶代表性体积单元内部植入含损伤破坏机制的晶界,模拟了 CrMnFeCoNi...     

Finite Element Analysis of Localized Plasticity in Al 2024-T3 Subjected to Fretting Fatigue

Fretting fatigue is a combination of two complex mechanical phenomena, namely, fretting and fatigue. Fretting appears between components that are subjected to small relative oscillatory motion. Once these components undergo cyclic fatigue load at the same time, fretting fatigue occurs. Fretting fatigue is an important issue in aerospace structural design. Many studies have investigated fretting fatigue behavior; however, the majority have assumed elastic deformation and very few have considered the effect of plasticity. The main goal of this study is to monitor the effect of different fretting fatigue primary variables on localized plasticity in an aluminum alloy (Al 2024-T3) test specimen. In order to extract the stress distribution at the contact interface under elasto-plastic conditions, a modified finite element contact model was used. The contact model was verified through comparison with an elastic analytical solution. Then, a bilinear elasto-plastic isotropic hardening model with a von Mises yield surface was implemented to simulate the material behavior of the aluminum alloy. The effect of different fretting fatigue primary variables, such as axial stress, contact geometry, and coefficient of friction, on localized plasticity was investigated. Finally, the relationship between the location of maximum localized plasticity and Ruiz fretting damage parameter with the crack initiation site is discussed.     

A Cell for the Uniaxial Compression of Samples in µSR Experiments

A cell for the uniaxial compression of crystals at pressures of up to 5 kbar and used in µ⁻SR experiments to investigate aluminum acceptor impurities in silicon is described. The dimensions of the samples under study were ∼9.5 × 9.5 × 20 mm. The pressure was monitored with calibrated resistor strain gauges.__________Translated from Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta, No. 4, 2005, pp. 122–124.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Andreika, Herlach, Zhukov, Mamedov, Stoikov, Zimmermann.     

平面包络环面蜗杆的三维造型方法

本文在合理建立平面包络环面蜗杆标架的基础上 ,准确推导啮合方程和蜗杆接触线计算公式 ,并制定相应的计算机算法。在AutoCAD2 0 0 0平台上 ,运用VisualBasic开发工具编程绘制了平面包络环面蜗杆的三维离散模型。在此基础上可进一步开发三维实体模型     

三维凸轮型面的优化加工研究

分析探讨了如何利用UG等软件进行三维凸轮数据处理、三维造型、及数控仿真加工等技术难题,对三维凸轮的加工以及UG软件的应用提供借鉴意义。     

A Two-Wavelength Model of Surface Flattening in Cold Metal Rolling with Mixed Lubrication

A new model of surface flattening is developed for cold metal rolling in the mixed regime. Longitudinal surface roughness is modeled by two separate wavelengths. The new model follows the asperity crushing analysis of Sutcliffe (1999) for unlubricated rolling but additionally includes a hydrodynamic model to account for the effect of the lubricant. The effect of various parameters including speed, reduction in strip thickness, roughness wavelength and lubricant properties is examined. The results show similar behavior to previous models of mixed lubrication, with a speed parameter A_s having the most influence, and confirm the results for unlubricated rolling that the short wavelength components of the surface roughness persist more than the long wavelength components. The predicted changes in roughness are in good agreement with experiments.     

Finite element modeling of 3D turning of titanium

The finite element modeling and experimental validation of 3D turning of grade two commercially pure titanium are presented. The Third Wave AdvantEdge machining simulation software is applied for the finite element modeling. Machining experiments are conducted. The measured cutting forces and chip thickness are compared to finite element modeling results with good agreement. The effects of cutting speed, a limiting factor for productivity in titanium machining, depth of cut, and tool cutting edge radius on the peak tool temperature are investigated. This study explores the use of 3D finite element modeling to study the chip curl. Reasonable agreement is observed under turning with small depth of cut. The chip segmentation with shear band formation during the Ti machining process is investigated. The spacing between shear bands in the Ti chip is comparable with experimental measurements. Results of this research help to guide the design of new cutting tool materials and coatings and the studies of chip formation to further advance the productivity of titanium machining.     

X80钢超声表面滚压加工残余应力场的有限元模拟

建立了超声表面滚压加工(USRP)的接触分析模型,模拟了X80钢的USRP过程,分析了等效塑性应变和残余应力的分布,并将残余应力的模拟结果与实测结果进行比较。结果表明:X80钢经USRP处理后表层发生了剧烈的塑性变形,并产生了残余压应力;随着距表面的深度增大,表层的残余压应力逐渐减小,并转变为残余拉应力;残余压应力峰值和残余压应力层厚度随位移载荷增大而增大;X80钢表面残余应力的模拟结果的与实测结果的误差约为4.8%,验证了模型的可靠性。     

平面磨床床身的三维有限元分析

采用三维设计软件SolidWorks建立数控平面磨床床身 ,导入ANSYS软件后进行三维有限元分析 ,并与以往的二维有限元分析计算作比较 ,为床身的改造和优化提供了重要的依据     

Modelling of fluid continuum considering 3D surface parameters in hydraulic assemblies

Friction in servo hydraulic assemblies reduces the response characteristics of the system. The friction is influenced by various factors including the geometry (form and surface errors) of the sliding surfaces. In this work, functionally significant 3D surface parameters from the Birmingham parameters are investigated for reduced friction. A 3D surface modelling approach is presented using random process modelling as the basis. An exponential decay areal autocorrelation function is used to model the grinding and honing processes which are commonly employed for the manufacture of the hydraulic assemblies. Honed surface is modelled with the crosshatches of appropriate angle. Method of surface modelling is validated using the data obtained through measurements on a practical surface. Different surface maps with varying surface parameters of the ground and honed surfaces are generated. The fluid continuum gap geometries of the hydraulic assemblies are modelled using these surface maps as envelopes. Pressure distribution, velocity and viscous friction force are used as measurands of the frictional characteristics. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, these measurands are evaluated for different functionally significant Birmingham parameters. Based on further analysis, negative skewness, lower kurtosis values, higher valley fluid retention index were found to have lower frictional characteristics.     

三维编织复合材料拉伸模量的有限元分析

利用改进的单胞模型对三维四向编织C/QY9511复合材料的拉伸行为进行有限元模拟,得到其在固定编织角下拉伸模量随纤维体积含量变化的曲线,并与实验值进行比较;结果表明,随着纤维体积含量的增加,其拉伸模量也在增加.     

The Field of a Finite Defect in a 3D Semispace

The field of an arbitrary finite defect in a 3D semispace is calculated. This problem is solved by reduction to a 2D case that yields an integral equation on the surface of the defect alone. Calculation formulas for a spherical defect are presented. Results of calculations using these formulas for the case of a uniform external field normal or tangential to the surface of a magnetic semispace are presented in a graphical form.