2,3-二巯基丁二酸在铜-钼硫化矿浮选分离过程中的选择性抑制作用（英文）

2,3-二巯基丁二酸(DMSA)是一种铜-钼硫化矿分离浮选抑制剂。浮选试验结果表明,在p H 4-12的范围内少量的DMSA可对黄铜矿产生强烈的抑制作用。在p H 6条件下对单矿物、人工混合矿、含钼铜精矿进行浮选分离试验,钼的浮选回收率分别为85%、75%和80%,同时铜的回收率仅为15%、5%和20%。吸附量试验结果显示,DMSA在黄铜矿上的吸附作用明显强于辉钼矿。前线轨道计算表明,DMSA分子中的两个硫原子是药剂分子与黄铜矿表面作用的活性中心。费米能级计算结果显示黄铜矿可以从DMSA分子获得电子而辉钼矿不能。     

H_2O_2处理后的黄铜矿和黄铁矿对黄药的吸附作用及其浮选分离（英文）

通过一系列浮选试验和矿物表面分析技术研究H_2O_2处理对黄药浮选分离黄铜矿与黄铁矿的影响。浮选试验结果表明,H_2O_2对两种矿物的浮选行为具有一定影响,H_2O_2对黄铁矿的抑制效果强于黄铜矿。在一定H_2O_2浓度条件下,黄铜矿在pH 9.0时可从黄铁矿中选择性分离出来,此时黄铜矿的回收率达84%以上,而黄铁矿回收率低于24%。Zeta电位、紫外-可见分光光谱以及红外光谱等分析结果表明,H_2O_2处理后的两种矿物对捕收剂的吸附量不同,黄铜矿表面对黄药的吸附量远远大于黄铁矿表面对黄药的吸附量。红外光谱和XPS分析结果表明,H_2O_2处理可大幅度提高黄铁矿表面的亲水性,从而抑制捕收剂的吸附,使其可浮性下降;而黄铜矿对H_2O_2不产生吸附,因此对黄药的吸附和对二黄原酸的氧化效果较好,黄铜矿的浮选回收率较高。     

硫代乳酸抑制剂分离辉钼矿与黄铜矿：浮选行为及机理（英文）

针对黄铜矿与辉钼矿可浮性相似导致分离难的问题，亟需开发一种经济与绿色的抑制剂。提出一种新型黄铜矿抑制剂硫代乳酸。通过单矿物和人工混合矿浮选实验，对硫代乳酸的浮选行为进行研究。单矿物浮选实验结果表明，硫代乳酸对黄铜矿具有较好的抑制效果，硫代乳酸作用后，黄铜矿浮选回收率从81%下降至9.7%，而辉钼矿浮选回收率仍保持在71%以上。人工混合矿浮选实验表明，黄铜矿与辉钼矿分离效果较好，高登选择性指数为12.9。采用FT-IR、XPS和AFM等方法研究硫代乳酸在辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面的反应机理，并提出可能的吸附模型。结果表明，硫代乳酸的—SH和—COOH基团优先占据黄铜矿表面活性铜位点，阻止丁基黄原酸钠在黄铜矿表面的化学吸附。     

双(羧甲基)三硫代碳酸钠在铜钼硫化矿浮选分离中抑制机理（英文）

小分子有机抑制剂双(羧甲基)三硫代碳酸钠(DBT)是一种铜钼分离选择性抑制剂。动电位与红外光谱分析结果表明,DBT在黄铜矿表面的吸附强于辉钼矿,X射线光电子能谱进一步证明DBT吸附在黄铜矿表面,抑制剂DBT与在黄铜矿表面的吸附以物理吸附为主。铜钼混合精矿浮选分离试验结果表明,DBT是一种潜在的环境友好型铜钼分离抑制剂。     

2,3-二羟基丙基二硫代碳酸钠对铜铅硫化矿可浮性的影响

在丁铵黑药浮选体系中,研究含有—OH和—CSS—的2,3-二羟基丙基二硫代碳酸钠（SGX）对黄铜矿和方铅矿的抑制效果,并通过动电位和吸附量的测试,探讨抑制剂SGX与矿物的相互作用机理。浮选试验研究结果表明：在整个p H范围内,抑制剂SGX对黄铜矿有活化作用,而对方铅矿有很强的抑制作用。随着抑制剂SGX用量的增加,方铅矿的回收率迅速下降,而黄铜矿的回收率有小幅度的升高。在矿浆p H为6的条件下,人工混合矿浮选得出的精矿中铜的品位和回收率分别为29.52%和82.15%。通过动电位和吸附量的测试结果可知,抑制剂SGX在方铅矿表面有较强的吸附,而在黄铜矿表面吸附很弱。     

过硫酸铵在硫化铜钼矿分离中的应用及机理

针对传统黄铜矿抑制剂存在的污染环境、药剂消耗量大等问题,开发新的抑制方式以实现铜钼有效分离极为重要.本文通过单矿物与混合矿浮选试验研究了过硫酸铵(APS)氧化对黄铜矿和辉钼矿可浮性及铜钼分离性能的影响,并通过Zeta电位、拉曼光谱与X射线光电子能谱(XPS)探讨了其抑制机理.浮选结果表明:APS可以显著地降低黄铜矿的回...     

经氰化处理的黄铜矿和方铅矿的浮选行为与机理（英文）

研究了CN~-与黄铜矿和方铅矿之间的吸附作用,然后在丁基黄药(BX)体系下研究了氰化吸附后的黄铜矿、方铅矿的浮选试验。结果表明,CN~-与两种矿物表面存在化学吸附作用,并可用Langmuir等温模型近似描述。在pH值为6.5,丁基黄药用量为4.0 mg/L的适宜条件下,氰化后的黄铜矿和方铅矿的浮选回收率可分别达到82.1%和63.9%。尽管CN~-降低了黄铜矿、方铅矿表面的接触角,但丁基黄药能够提高氰化矿物表面的疏水性。CN~-对黄铜矿的抑制作用大于方铅矿。在pH值为4.2~8.4时,BX与氰化后的方铅矿表面的相互作用存在静电吸附;BX在氰化后的黄铜矿表面的吸附作用为化学吸附。     

O，O-二（2，3-二羟基丙基）二硫代磷酸对黄铜矿和方铅矿的选择性抑制

以丁铵黑药为捕收剂,添加一种新型抑制剂O,O-二（2,3-二羟基丙基）二硫代磷酸（DHDTP）对黄铜矿和方铅矿进行浮选,通过动电位和吸附量的测试,探讨抑制剂DHDTP与矿物的相互作用机理。浮选试验结果表明：在整个pH范围内,抑制剂DHDTP对黄铜矿的抑制作用很弱;在pH6～10范围内,抑制剂DHDTP对方铅矿有很强的抑制作用。随着抑制剂DHDTP用量的增多,方铅矿的回收率迅速降低,而黄铜矿的回收率只有小幅度的降低。在DHDTP用量278mg／L、矿浆pH6的条件下,人工混合矿浮选得出的精矿中铜的品位和回收率较好,分别为24．08％和81％。通过动电位和吸附量的测试结果可知,DHDTP在方铅矿上的吸附能力明显高于黄铜矿的。     

采用改性酯类捕收剂在低温条件下有效回收黄铜矿

通过单矿物浮选试验、接触角测试、药剂吸附量试验、粒度分析、冷冻透射电镜和红外光谱分析,考察改性酯类捕收剂(BL)在低温条件下对黄铜矿浮选的影响。单矿物浮选试验结果表明,在低温条件下,BL对黄铜矿的捕收能力明显优于酯105。结合粒度分析、冷冻透射电镜及红外光谱分析结果,在低温条件下,BL在水溶液中的粒度小于酯105的,而分布密度大于酯105的,这表明BL在低温条件下分散性更好。因此,BL更容易吸附在黄铜矿表面,从而提高其表面疏水程度,该结果也通过接触角测试和药剂吸附量试验得以证实。     

葡聚糖对辉钼矿与滑石浮选分离的影响

通过动电位分析、润湿接触角测试、吸附量测试并结合浮选实验,考察滑石和辉钼矿单矿物的浮选行为,以葡聚糖为抑制剂,研究硫化矿体系中辉钼矿和滑石的浮选分离。结果表明:在无捕收剂情况下,辉钼矿和滑石的天然疏水性强,可浮性相似,难以实现浮选分离。加入的葡聚糖在辉钼矿和滑石矿物表面形成选择性吸附,使两者具有不同的浮选行为。当溶液p H为8.5、葡聚糖用量400 mg/L时,辉钼矿可以得到有效抑制,回收率仅为14.37%,而滑石受到的抑制作用较弱,其回收率为83.22%,两者的浮游差为68.85%,这使得滑石和辉钼矿的浮选分离成为可能。     

Depressing behaviors and mechanism of disodium bis (carboxymethyl) trithiocarbonate on separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite

This work focuses on the organic depressant, disodium bis(carboxymethyl) trithiocarbonate (DBT), as a selective depressant in copper-molybdenum sulfide flotation separation. Micro-flotation, Zeta potential, FTIR and XPS measurements were carried out to investigate the selective depression mechanism of DBT on chalcopyrite. Zeta potential and FTIR measurements revealed that DBT had higher affinity for chalcopyrite than molybdenite and the XPS results of chalcopyrite before and after treatment with DBT further proved that DBT adsorbed on chalcopyrite surface. The investigation indicates that the mechanism of DBT adsorbing on chalcopyrite is mainly physical adsorption. Locked circuit experiments were carried out and the results showed that DBT could be considered as a cleaner option in commercial Cu-Mo flotation separation circuits.     

组合抑制剂石灰和腐植酸钠在锌砷混合精矿浮选分离中对毒砂的选择性抑制机理

采用石灰和腐植酸钠作为经硫酸铜活化和丁黄药捕收后毒砂的组合抑制剂.纯矿物浮选试验表明,组合抑制剂石灰和腐植酸钠能选择性地抑制毒砂.实验室小型闭路试验结果表明,石灰和腐植酸钠的协同抑制作用能较好地实现闪锌矿和毒砂的浮选分离,得到锌精矿中锌品位为51.21％、锌回收率为92.21％的良好指标.通过接触角测试、吸附量测试和X...     

Electrochemical flotation separation of chalcopyrite from molybdenite by CM Eh control

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Selective depression of copper-activated sphalerite by polyaspartic acid during chalcopyrite flotation

Environmentally friendly flotation reagent, polyaspartic acid (PAPA), was tested as a potential selective depressant in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and Cu-activated sphalerite. The depression mechanism of PAPA was revealed by contact angle measurements, Zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) measurement. The micro-flotation tests with single minerals showed that PAPA selectively depressed Cu-activated sphalerite, while chalcopyrite remained floatable. Moreover, a concentrate containing 31.40% Cu with a recovery of 92.43% was obtained in flotation tests of artificially mixed minerals. Results of contact angle measurements, Zeta potential measurements and FT-IR spectrum revealed that PAPA exerted a much stronger adsorption on Cu-activated sphalerite surface than on chalcopyrite surface, preventing the further adsorption of sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDTC) on its surface. ICP measurements indicated that PAPA had an excellent complexing ability with Cu²⁺ in flotation pulp, weakening the activation of Cu species on sphalerite surface and producing selective depression.     

Recovery of molybdenum and copper from porphyry ore via iso-flotability flotation

A copper–molybdenum iso-flotability flotation process has been developed to efficiently improve the recovery of molybdenite from Duobaoshan porphyry Cu–Mo ores. The effects of flotation approach, type of collector, feed particle size distribution, rougher pH value and reagent dosage on the recovery of molybdenite were evaluated systematically. The results suggest that compared with kerosene and diesel oil, transformer oil has stronger dispersion capability in water media and better flotation selectivity for molybdenite, providing a higher molybdenum recovery under low reagent dosage. Moreover, compared with bulk flotation approach, the iso-flotability flotation approach using transformer oil as a collector can obtain superior Mo recovery (90.77%) and grade (0.80%) in the cleaner concentrate, and increase the Mo recovery and grade by over 18% and 5% in the final Mo concentrate, respectively. The results of commercial flotation further indicate that the iso-flotability flotation approach is a rational and effective route to beneficiate the porphyry Cu–Mo ores.     

Electrochemical mechanism and flotation of chalcopyrite and galena in the presence of sodium silicate and sodium sulfite

The electrochemical mechanism involved in the selective separation of chalcopyrite from galena was investigated by flotation and electrochemical methods in the presence of sodium sulfite and sodium silicate, respectively, as a single depressant and their mixture as a combined depressant. Flotation tests revealed that the floatability of chalcopyrite was unaffected by depressants and its recovery remained constant (>80%) within the studied dosage range. Galena flotation was severely depressed with descending depressing order as follows: combined depressant > sodium silicate > sodium sulfite. Electrochemical analysis confirmed the high affinity of depressants on the galena surface, resulting in the formation of hydrophilic species, such as lead sulfite, lead sulfate, and lead orthosilicate. The oxidation of chalcopyrite sutrface and depressants did not exhibit any signals; conversely, the self-oxidation of chalcopyrite was depressed. The results of cyclic voltammograms well agreed with flotation results, demonstrating that chalcopyrite primarily reacted with the collector O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate and that galena mostly reacted with depressants.     

A Kinetic Study of the Leaching of Molybdenite

A study of the rate of dissolution of molybdenite (MoS₂) in alkaline solution was carried out under carefully controlled conditions. Effects of temperature, oxygen over-pressure, and KOH concentration were evaluated. Studies were made in the temperature range 100°C to 175°C and in the pressure range 0 to 700 psia of oxygen. Under these conditions molybdenite was found to leach according to a linear mechanism. Both oxygen over-pressure and KOH concentration were found to control the rate of leaching. The mechanism has been explained in terms of adsorption of oxygen at the molybdenite surface followed by configurational rearrangement of the adsorbed molecules. The hydroxyl ion dependency is believed to be diffusion-controlled. Laboratory batch studies have shown that molybdenite can be readily dissolved in alkaline solutions under moderate conditions of temperature and pressure. Commercial application of this process to the production of ferro-molybdenum and molybdenum chemicals is promising in view of the ease of dissolution of molybdenite and the relatively noncorrosive conditions involved in the process.     

Flotation separation of molybdenite and talc using tragacanth gum as depressant and potassium butyl xanthate as collector

Tragacanth gum (TG) was explored as a depressant to realize the flotation separation of molybdenite and talc. The flotation experiments indicated that when using potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) as a collector, molybdenite showed excellent floatability while talc was completely depressed by TG, thus realizing the flotation separation of the two minerals. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results showed that TG was adsorbed on molybdenite surface via chemisorption. The results of contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) indicated that the pre-adsorption of TG on molybdenite could not hinder the further chemisorption of PBX on molybdenite. Because PBX has no collecting ability on talc, the flotation separation of molybdenite and talc came true using PBX to collect molybdenite and TG to depress talc.