光纤延迟线和可调谐波长转换器在光分组交换网络竞争解决结构中的性能分析

研究了光分组交换网络中的两种竞争解决方案.结合课题研究的进展,基于突发和非突发业务,对这两种竞争处理结构进行了深入分析,得出了几点重要结论,首先,在竞争处理上,对于非突发业务,光纤延迟线比可调谐波长转换器有效;而对于突发业务而言,可调谐波长转换器比光纤延迟线有效.其次,在突发业务下反馈式光纤延迟线结构（FFA）是一种较为理想的竞争解决结构,但对非突发业务而言,反馈式光纤延迟线和可调谐波长转换器结构（FFTA）在成本上和结构尺寸上比FFA要有效的多.随着平均突发长度的增加,FFTA中的可调谐波长转换器数目也要增加才能获得合理的分组丢失率。但无论是针对突发业务还是非突发业务,FFTA都是一种成本有效的竞争解决结构.     

时隙光分组交换网络中一种新的光缓存优化配置方案

研究了时隙光分组交换网中的光缓存配置方案,针对反馈共享式缓存结构,通过对传统的连续分布式光缓存结构中不同延迟粒度的光缓存丢包的分布情况仿真结果研究,发现在传统的连续分布式光缓存结构中,丢包主要发生在小粒度的光缓存上,为此,提出通过适当增加小粒度的光缓存的方法,达到有效地降低丢包率,仿真结果显示,这种光缓存方案可以明显降低节点的丢包率.     

光突发交换的交换控制策略和光缓存配置

光突发交换是面向下一代互联网的光交换模式.讨论了异步光突发交换系统的交换控制策略以及相应光缓存的优化配置策略.除了传统预约模式的交换策略,还研究了非预约和改进型预约模式,它们的性能评估由计算机仿真给出.结果表明:在条件相当情况下,改进型预约模式具有最低的丢包率.同时光缓存的配置对上述几类交换控制策略的性能都有很大影响,仿真结果指出:光缓存的粒度对系统性能具有重要影响,所讨论的几类交换模式都存在最佳时延粒度,研究结果对光交换矩阵的设计有指导意义.     

光分组交换网络中增益光开关技术研究

针对光分组交换网络中光开关插入损耗导致交换跳数受限的问题,基于半导体光放大器四波混频非线性效应,提出了一种两级级联的增益光开关技术思路,可以有效实现光交换后输出信号的增益补偿及形状再生,提高信号质量.利用OptiSystem仿真平台,优化系统参数,在泵浦光位于信号光中心波长±4nm范围、泵浦光功率在（3~15）dBm区间内,增益光交换输出信号通过增益补偿和形状再生相较于一级交换输出信号可实现增益大于25dB、误码率从10     

基于光纤中交叉相位调制的波长转换器研究

波长转换器在未来的全光网络中将起到重要的作用.通过大量的数值仿真,研究了利用色散位移光纤中的自相位调制效应的波长转换器,首次对各参量,包括输入光信号脉冲的峰值功率,连续波的功率,两束光信号的频率间隔,光纤的色散,光纤的长度以及输入信号的比特率对此波长转换器的性能影响进行了数值研究.结果表明,光纤的色散和输入光信号脉冲的功率在这种波长转换器中起重要作用,而且这种波长转换器可以对高达200Gb/s的信号进行转换.     

光纤延迟线在雷达信号处理中的应用

介绍了光纤延迟线的原理和结构。详细阐述了它在雷达信号处理中的应用,包括频谱分析、雷达目标仿真、相关处理以及相控阵雷达波束的形成与控制。简介了光纤延迟线未来的发展。结果是,在相控阵雷达方面,为提高抗干扰能力、分辨力以及雷达对多目标成像的能力,都要求大的瞬时信号带宽,而光纤延迟线相移器是一个很好的解决方案。     

基于半导体光放大器的交叉增益型波长转换器转换特性的研究

从理论和实验上研究了基于半导体光放大器的交叉增益型波长转换器的转换特性.实验研究了转换特性与信号调制格式、放大器增益的关系.利用大信号分析模型讨论了消光比、平均功率转换效率和交流转换效率等性能与平均抽运功率、探测功率及放大器增益特性之间的关系.结果表明,交流转换效率能综合消光比和平均功率转换效率两种指标,在转换器性能优化中有重要的作用 交叉增益型波长转换器输入动态范围较小,很难实现对信号调制格式透明 放大器的增益是取得最佳转换性能的关键关键词：     

一种反馈FDL结构竞争解决丢包率的研究

对反馈FDL结构的光分组交换竞争解决方案建立了数学模型并进行了理论分析,推导出了在反馈FDL输入分组比输入光纤输入分组具有更高输出优先级时的系统丢包率公式,对系统丢包率与负载、输入光纤端口数和FDL数目的关系进行了数值计算和讨论.结果表明：由于FDL缓存分组的概率与输入分组负载的非线性关系导致了反馈FDL结构在低负载时对丢包率的改善非常明显,对高负载的改善却十分有限.随着FDL数目的增加,对系统丢包率的改善不会趋于一个极限值,这是与使用波长转换器进行竞争解决的不同之处,因此使用反馈FDL结构可以降低波长转换器的丢包率极限.     

分布式光纤Bragg光栅波长校准方法

提出了一种利用标准参考光谱进行波长校准的方法。实验中利用由宽带光源和光纤可调谐滤波器组成的可调谐光源分别扫描了参考光谱和传感光栅的光谱。在参考通道,ITU标准参考模块的输出是具有固定波长的梳状光谱。利用高斯拟合算法计算出由标准参考透射谱峰值输出的对应的驱动电压,通过样条插值函数获得了滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系。计算光栅反射谱峰值对应的驱动电压,利用上面获得的滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系式可以计算出传感光栅的Bragg波长。实验结果表明,在较大的波长范围内实现了对多个传感光栅的波长校准,减小了由滤波器非线性输出造成的测量误差,具有较高的重复性。     

多波长光标记交换中一种新的多波长-时间编码法

首先介绍了多波长光标记分组交换的基本原理,并针对多波长光标记分组交换中的标记头编码法,提出了一种新的多波长-时间编码法,这种编码法充分利用了波长和时间两种自由度,大大增加了编码数量,提高了编码效率.最后,设计了实现这种编码的发射机和接受装置.     

An optical multicast packet switching architecture shared with limited-range multi-wavelength converter and full-range wavelength converters

Optical packet switch with multicast capability can inspire a broad range of multipoint to multipoint applications in future optical networks. An optical multicast packet switching architecture, equipped with feedback shared small number of limited-range multi-wavelength converters (LMWCs) and output shared some full-range wavelength converters (FRWCs), is proposed for a wavelength-division multiplexed optical multicast network to improve multicast performance in the paper. The FRWCs are used to overcome the performance degradation in terms of packet loss probability due to only use LMWCs. In the architecture, the two converters are shared by all the multicast packets importing to the optical multicast switch node. A maximum bipartite matching with minimum edges weights strategy was designed to employ fewer wavelength converters and avoid useless degradation of optical signal quality for the architecture to improve the node performance. The simulation results show that the proposed architecture and its wavelength converter scheduling algorithm can reduce the multicast packet loss probability with relatively lesser wavelength conversion cost.     

Hybrid buffering architecture for packet contention resolution of an optical packet switch

Packet contention is a major issue in optical packet switching network and it is not a trivial task to resolve due to lack of optical RAM technology. In order to resolve contention optical buffering approach is used using fiber delay lines (FDLs). Yet there is a heavy packet loss rate due to unavailability of output port and free FDLs. This paper proposes a hybrid buffering architecture using feed-forward and feedback shared FLDs to resolve packet contention resolution of an optical packet switch. Feed-forward FDLs are used as primary buffer and feedback FDLs are implemented as supplementary buffer. Simulation result shows that proposed hybrid buffering switch achieves packet loss rate between 10⁻¹ and 10⁻² at heavy traffic load (ρ = 0.9) for a 32 × 32 switch using different FDL length.     

Modeling Gain Dynamics in EDFAs: Space-Resolved Versus Lumped Models

We present a detailed comparison of dynamic space- and frequency-resolved and lumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) models. The space- and frequency-resolved models are based on an iterative solution of propagation equations for pump, multiple signals, and spectral components of forward and backward propagating amplified spontaneous powers and rate equations for pump, metastable, and ground energy level population densities of erbium ion. In contrast to space-resolved models, the lumped model solves a single ordinary differential equation for time evolution of the length-averaged metastable level population and is therefore substantially less computer time consuming. Both the space, and frequency-resolved and the lumped models give almost identical results when used for an analysis of surviving channel power excursions in concatenated EDFAs fed by multiwavelength signal and add/drop scenarios. For a statistical analysis of output power and signal-tonoise ratio fluctuations in EDFA cascades fed by burst-mode packet traffic, only lumped models can be used.     

A novel scheme of two-dimension time-stacked wavelength-time optical code label for optical packet switching network

A novel scheme of time-stacked optical code label based on optical code division multiple (OCDM) technique for optical packet switching network is proposed, in which two-dimensional wavelength-time OCDM code is used as the optical label. Packet loss rate and system characteristic based on the proposed scheme are studied. Results show that less packet loss rate of proposed scheme can be achieved as compared with that of one-dimension time-stacked optical code label system.     

Suppression of Output Power and NF Excursions in Cascades of Highly Inverted EDFAs with Packet-Switched Traffic

Significant output power excursions in cascades of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) can cause serious problems in wavelength division multilexing (WDM) packet-switched burst-mode networks. Signal power excursions more serious than those induced by channel addition/removal in circuit switched networks can arise when data on the WDM channels is highly variable in nature. Self-similar traffic can be subject to large variation in EDFA gain. In order to prevent unacceptable error bursts, due, for example, to channel power becoming too low to preserve adequate eye opening or exceeding thresholds for optical nonlinearities, the channel power should be maintained constant. In this letter, it is shown that the sizable power and noise figure swings arising in a cascade of EDFAs with WDM burst-mode packet-switched networks with self-similar traffic can be effectively suppressed when highly inverted amplifiers are employed. The analysis is based on the application of a numerical model, which solves the transcendental equation for length averaged metastable level population of an EDFA.     

Gain Characterization of All-Optical Gain-Clamped PDFFA for WDM Networks Using the Feedback Theory

Using feedback theory, we analyze the gain of an all-optical gain-clamped praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier (AOGC PDFFA) for eight-channel multiwavelength operation. We demonstrate by numerical simulation that gain stabilization is achieved when the open-loop gain is higher than the feedback path attenuation. If this condition is fulfilled, the gain stabilizes to a value equal to the feedback path attenuation and is not influenced by the pump power, input signal power, number of channels, doped fiber length, or any other doped fiber parameter. In our setup the AOGC PDFFA noise figure is 0.12 dB lower than the open-loop PDFFA noise figure.     

An optical power-equalized amplifier with a wide dynamic range

An optical power equalization amplifier with a wide dynamic range is proposed and demonstrated with no electronic control. It shows constant and equalized outputs when a power difference between input channels and a total input power are changed. It has more than a 15 dB dynamic range for input signals between −30 dBm and −5 dBm. The structure of this amplifier can be more promising when it is applied to a planar waveguide device.