移植异体血管内皮祖细胞向大鼠损伤皮肤的趋化

背景：目前关于移植异体内皮祖细胞参与机体缺血组织血管改建的研究正成为热点。 目的：观察移植的同种异体内皮祖细胞向大鼠皮肤损伤区趋化的情况。 方法：以BrdU标记体外培养的大鼠外周血内皮祖细胞,通过尾静脉回输于背部皮肤有切割伤的大鼠(实验组)体内,以正常大鼠为对照,采用免疫荧光染色观察细胞移植后1,3,7,14 d时受体大鼠皮肤损伤区BrdU阳性内皮祖细胞的数量变化情况,苏木精-伊红染色观察受体大鼠脾脏淋巴滤泡数量和体积变化情况。 结果与结论：移植的内皮祖细胞可以向大鼠皮肤损伤区趋化,3,7 d时内皮祖细胞数量最多(P < 0.05),14 d时在损伤区血管内壁中仍可见BrdU阳性细胞。实验组大鼠脾脏淋巴滤泡的数量和体积与对照组相比没有明显差异,证实移植同种异体内皮祖细胞没有引起明显的免疫排斥反应。     

动员血管内皮祖细胞促进真皮支架移植区的血管新生

背景：近年研究发现促红细胞生成素可以动员自体骨髓中的血管内皮祖细胞至外周血,趋化其至创面,促进创面血管新生。 目的：观察促红细胞生成素对血管内皮祖细胞动员效果的时效关系。 方法：不同剂量促红细胞生成素通过腹腔注射7 d动员小鼠血管内皮祖细胞,以注射生理盐水作为对照,采用流式细胞仪定点检测外周血中内皮祖细胞数量以比较动员效果,优选安全有效的促红细胞生成素动员剂量,并观察促红细胞生成素动员内皮祖细胞对脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生的影响。 结果与结论：在开始注射后1,3,5,7,10,14 d等6个时间点内,生理盐水对照组外周血内皮祖细胞无明显变化,促红细胞生成素动员组外周血内皮祖细胞逐渐增加,于7 d达到高峰。高剂量促红细胞生成素动员组内皮祖细胞比例较低剂量组增加明显,促红细胞生成素动员组促进脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生的效果明显强于对照组。结果可见,促红细胞生成素连续7 d腹腔注射能增加外周血内皮祖细胞的数量,在动员后第7天时达到高峰,效果成剂量依赖性,并能促进脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生。     

c-Jun氨基末端激酶基因表达与急性脊髓损伤大鼠神经功能修复状态的关联研究

目的探索急性脊髓损伤后大鼠脊髓组织中c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun amino-terminal kinase,JNK)基因表达与神经功能修复状态的关联。方法取健康成年雄性大鼠50只,随机选取,假手术对照组18只,实验组32只。损伤后1、12、24、72 h行PCR检测,比较大鼠脊髓组织中JNK(JNK1、JNK2、JNK3)表达水平变化;损伤后12、72 h选取L_(4/5)节段脊髓行HE染色、,比较脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织细胞凋亡情况、神经功能变化状态(NSS)。结果 PCR结果显示,髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织中JNK1、JNK2、JNK3的表达,在损伤后1、12、24、72 h除JNK3在相应时点表达水平与假手术组比较水平下降外,其他两项表达与假手术对照组无明显差别。L4/5脊髓HE染色结果提示,与假手术组比较,损伤后12 h损伤的脊髓皮质周边区HE染色阳性细胞显著增多。随着时间推移,染色阳性细胞出现明显减少的趋势,损伤后12 h的染色阳性细胞明显少于72 h。损伤组NSS评分则明显更高,但脊髓损伤组损伤后不同时点比较,NSS评分渐减。结论脊髓损伤后出现JNK3表达下调的情况,可能与神经细胞凋亡以及促进损伤后神经功能的恢复有关联。     

内皮祖细胞修复缺血再灌注大鼠肾损伤

背景：内皮祖细胞在损伤信号的诱导刺激下能被招募到血管损伤局部,分化为成熟内皮细胞,参与血管新生和内皮修复。 目的：验证内皮祖细胞能否促进缺血再灌注大鼠肾损伤的修复。 方法：抽取大鼠外周血,采用密度梯度离心的方法分离、培养内皮祖细胞。22只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组,缺血再灌注组采用右肾摘除左肾蒂夹闭左肾动脉、静脉40 min后松开制备缺血再灌注模型;正常对照组除未给予左肾动静脉夹闭外,余操作同缺血再灌注组模型组;内皮祖细胞组动物同样制备缺血再灌注模型,夹闭40 min后从左肾动脉移植内皮祖细胞(5×109 L-1,共1 mL)至左肾,缺血再灌注组予注射同等剂量的细胞培养液。于术后第1天收获3组大鼠肾脏和血标本。流式细胞仪及细胞免疫荧光鉴定内皮祖细胞表面标志(CD34/血管内皮生长因子受体2);测定血尿素氮和肌酐;行免疫组织化学观察各组CD34表达情况。 结果与结论：与正常对照组比较,缺血再灌注组大鼠的尿素氮、肌酐均明显升高,肾组织CD34表达减少(P < 0.05);给予内皮祖细胞治疗后,缺血再灌注组大鼠的尿素氮、肌酐较治疗前明显下降,肾组织血管内皮细胞标志物CD34的表达较治疗前明显增加(P < 0.05)。结果证实内皮祖细胞移植可促进缺血再灌注大鼠肾脏损伤的修复。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

川芎嗪对自体移植内皮祖细胞修复兔受损腹主动脉内膜的影响

目的通过在体实验研究川芎嗪对内皮祖细胞（EPCs）修复球囊损伤后的兔腹主动脉的影响,探讨更好的损伤性血管修复的方法。方法密度梯度离心法分离兔外周血单个核细胞,以EBM-2培养基培养7d,获得兔外周血内皮祖细胞,应用2．5F球囊导管造成兔腹主动脉去内皮损伤模型。将实验兔分为三组,每组6只,对照组使用生理盐水,EPCs组只使用EPCs,EPCs＋川芎嗪组注射EPCs及川芎嗪,术后14d处死动物,并测量各组内膜损伤血管再生内皮覆盖率和新生内膜增生程度。结果EPCs＋川芎嗪组新生内膜／中膜厚度明显低于EPCs组,新生内膜面积明显高于EPCs组,两组均与对照组相比差异有统计学意义。结论EPCs可促进受损血管内膜修复,川芎嗪具有增强EPCs修复血管内膜的作用。     

构建脊髓慢性压迫损伤模型大鼠巢蛋白的表达规律

背景：既往应用的脊髓损伤动物模型难以达到一种慢性渐进性的压迫效果,与人体慢性脊髓压迫损伤机制有很大的不同。 目的：构建一种新的脊髓慢性压迫性损伤模型大鼠,探究慢性压迫损伤后脊髓损伤区域巢蛋白的表达规律及其意义。  方法：Wistar大鼠40只随机分为实验组30只和对照组10只。实验组大鼠取下胸7、8椎板,植入压迫材料,形成慢性压迫脊髓损伤模型。植入后第1,3,7,14,28天,取压迫处脊髓组织,行病理学检查及巢蛋白免疫组织化学染色,半定量反转录PCR反应测定巢蛋白mRNA的表达,同时测量压迫段椎管直径及缓膨胀材料侵占厚度。 结果与结论：随压迫时间的延长,实验组大鼠椎管侵占率逐渐增加,脊髓组织出现坏死等情况,大鼠BBB评分降低,压迫处脊髓组织中Nestin mRNA及蛋白表达至伤后7 d时达到高峰,而后表达逐渐下降,说明实验成功建立慢性脊髓压迫损伤动物模型,且慢性脊髓压迫损伤大鼠脊髓组织Nestin mRNA及蛋白呈动态变化。     

BMSC修复大鼠脊髓损伤的效果的实验研究

目的 研究骨髓间质干细胞(Bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs)用于修复大鼠脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)的效果. 方法 30只成年SD大鼠按改良Tuszynsl法建立大鼠脊髓完全横断伤模型,损伤水平位于T9,损伤24 h后随机分为对照组、实验组,实验组经尾静脉注射BMSCs,对照组经静脉注射PBS.利用BBB(Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan)评分法进行后肢运动功能评价,并进行斜板实验. 结果 实验组运动功能改善,实验组与对照组的BBB评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组的神经功能恢复较快.其中实验组大鼠在注射BMSCs 后35 d时后肢能支撑身体站立行走.斜板实验结果2组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05). 结论 骨髓间质干细胞移植组大鼠脊髓功能恢复优于对照组,说明骨髓间质干细胞用于修复大鼠SCI作用显著.     

血管内皮生长因子在鼠尾胶原凝胶诱导三维血管新生中的作用研究

背景:血管新生在组织工程研究中已引起了高度重视。血管内皮生长因子在二维平面培养中已证实能促进血管新生。目的:观察血管内皮生长因子在三维血管新生中的作用。方法:取SD大鼠骨髓,分离出内皮祖细胞。待细胞融合至70%～80%时添加鼠尾另一层胶原凝胶建立三维立体模型。实验组采用完全培养液含M199培养液、胎牛血清加血管内皮生长因子及双抗;对照组培养液中不含血管内皮生长因子。培养第1,4,7,20天观察骨髓来源内皮祖细胞的体外培养和扩增情况并进行细胞鉴定。三维立体模型建立后第3,6,9,12天进行形态观察及定性定量分析。结果与结论:实验组内皮祖细胞在三维基质内向胶原基质内生长,24h内即可出现向胶原内的出芽及浸润并逐渐形成分支样结构,对照组细胞生长慢,出芽慢,管状结构细小,向胶原内浸润的深度浅,网状结构稀疏,不完整。实验组新生血管数目显著高于对照组(P0.01)。取第3,6,9,12天的凝胶块检测,可见内皮素1、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶3表达阳性。结果表明,血管内皮生长因子能动员和诱导内皮祖细胞促进血管新生。鼠尾胶原凝胶可以诱导内皮祖细胞表现出血管新生中的迁移、增殖和发芽等步骤。     

电针干预脊髓损伤大鼠受损节段缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的表达

背景:作者发现,中医“痿病”从气血论治理论与脊髓损伤神经修复的关键环节在于改善组织血氧微环境有着惊人的相似,提出假设:电针刺激可通过干预缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子信号转导,改善脊髓血氧微环境从而促进神经再生。目的:探讨电针干预对脊髓损伤大鼠受损节段缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子表达的影响。方法:120只SD雌性大鼠以微型血管夹夹闭脊髓,保持夹闭状态20 s制作脊髓夹伤模型,随机分为3组:即阿是穴电针组、足阳明胃经电针组和空白对照组,每组40只。电针组造模后第3天开始接受每日1次的电针治疗,阿是穴电针组选择2个阿是穴、足阳明胃经电针组选择双侧伏兔、足三里穴,每周5次。于干预后1,2,3,4,5周对大鼠进行BBB评分之后分别取出损伤的脊髓组织标本,行病理组织观察,并采用免疫组织化学染色、实时荧光定量PCR技术及Western blot检测损伤脊髓缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的基因和蛋白表达。实验方案经广西中医药大学第一附属医院动物实验伦理委员会批准(批准号201712001)。结果与结论:①阿是穴电针组及足阳明胃经电针组大鼠的下肢功能评分、缺氧诱导因子1α及血管内皮生长因子基因及蛋白表达明显高于未经电针干预的对照组;②随着干预时间的推移阿是穴电针组及足阳明胃经电针组的神经元数量均明显高于空白对照组;③结果说明,电针干预可以有效改善脊髓损伤大鼠的下肢功能评分、增加神经元的数量、上调缺氧诱导因子1α及血管内皮生长因子的mRNA及蛋白表达,从而有效促进脊髓神经功能的修复。     

骨髓间质干细胞修复大鼠脊髓损伤的效果的实验研究

目的研究骨髓间质干细胞（Bone marrow stromal cells，BMSCs）用于修复大鼠脊髓损伤（spinal cord injury，SCI）的效果。方法30只成年SD大鼠按改良Tuszynsl法建立大鼠脊髓完全横断伤模型，损伤水平位于T9，损伤24h后随机分为对照组、实验组，实验组经尾静脉注射BMSCs，对照组经静脉注射PBS。利用BBB（Basso-Beetle-Bresnahan）评分法进行后肢运动功能评价，并进行斜板实验。结果实验组运动功能改善，实验组与对照组的BBB评分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），实验组的神经功能恢复较快。其中实验组大鼠在注射BMSCs后35d时后肢能支撑身体站立行走。斜板实验结果2组相比有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论骨髓间质干细胞移植组大鼠脊髓功能恢复优于对照组，说明骨髓间质干细胞用于修复大鼠SCI作用显著。     

内皮祖细胞移植联合早期运动改善脊髓损伤区血管再生及后肢功能

BACKGROUND: Endothelial progenitor cells are widely used in the treatment of various vascular diseases, and early exercise training contributes to restore motor function after spinal cord injury. However, the therapeutic effects of endothelial progenitor cell transplantation or early exercise training alone are unfavorable. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells combined with early exercise training on blood vessel regeneration and hind limb function in rats after spinal cord injury. METHODS: Eighty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled to establish spinal cord injury models using the modified Allen’s method, and then randomly divided into four groups. Rats were respectively given culture medium via the tail vein, injection of endothelial progenitor cells (3×106) via the tail vein, roller and treadmill trainings for 2 weeks, or injection of endothelial progenitor cells via the tail vein followed by 2 weeks of roller and treadmill trainings in the model, cell transplantation, exercise and combined groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 2 weeks after transplantation, the hindlimb motor function of rats in the combined group was better than that in the cell transplantation group and exercise group, and moreover, the percentage of CM-Dil positive cells, the number of horseradish peroxidase-positive nerve fibers, capillary density and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were also significantly higher in the combined group than the cell transplantation group and exercise group. These findings indicate that early exercise training has a neuroprotective role in spinal cord injury; endothelial progenitor cell transplantation combined with early exercise training can promote regeneration of synapses and blood vessels and improve hindlimb motor function of rats, probably by increasing expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.       

Thrombospondin-1 mimetic peptide ABT-898 affects neovascularization and survival of human endometriotic lesions in a mouse model

Endometriosis is a common cause of pelvic pain and infertility in women, and a common indication for hysterectomy, yet the disease remains poorly diagnosed and ineffectively treated. Because endometriotic lesions require new blood supply for survival, inhibiting angiogenesis could provide a novel therapeutic strategy. ABT-898 mimics the antiangiogenic properties of thrombospondin-1, so we hypothesized that ABT-898 will prevent neovascularization of human endometriotic lesions and that ABT-898 treatment will not affect reproductive outcomes in a mouse model. Endometriosis was induced in BALB/c-Rag2(-/-)Il2rg(-/-) mice by surgical implantation of human endometrial fragments in the peritoneal cavity. Mice received daily injections of ABT-898 for 21 days. Flow cytometry was performed to measure circulating endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood. Cytokines were measured in plasma samples. Half of the ABT-898-treated and control mice were euthanized to assess neovascularization of endometriotic lesions, using CD31(+) immunofluorescence. The remaining mice were mated and euthanized at gestation day 12. Endometriotic lesions increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells 13 days after engraftment, relative to baseline. Endometriotic lesions from ABT-898-treated mice exhibited reduced neovascularization, compared with controls, and lesions had fewer CD31(+) microvessels. Chronic treatment with ABT-898 did not lead to any fetal anomalies or affect litter size at gestation day 12, compared with controls. Our results suggest that ABT-898 inhibits neovascularization of human endometriotic lesions without affecting mouse fecundity.     

丙泊酚干预脊髓损伤模型脊髓水肿及后肢电生理的变化

BACKGROUND: A large number of studies have verified that propofol could effectively reduce secondary nerve injury by improving microenvironment of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of propofol on spinal cord edema and electrophysiology of the hind limb in rats with spinal cord injury. METHODS: Rat models of acute spinal cord injury were established by using the modified Allen method. A total of 40 rat models were randomly divided into spinal cord injury group and propofol group (n=20). Rats in the propofol group were injected with propofol through the caudal vein. The spinal cords of an additional 20 rats were exposed in the sham surgery group. Motor function was evaluated using BBB score and inclined plate test before modeling, 1, 3 days, 1-4 weeks after modeling. Neuronal apoptosis was detected after spinal cord injury using TUNEL assay at 72 hours after modeling. AQP4/9, matrix metalloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expressions were measured using RT-PCR and western blot assay. At 4 weeks after modeling, pathological changes of the spinal cord were observed using immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Neurophysiological recovery was analyzed using motor evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 1-4 weeks after modeling, BBB score and inclined plate test score were higher in the propofol group than in the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.05), but lower than in the sham surgery group (P < 0.05). (2) The number of apoptotic cells was significantly more in the spinal cord injury group than in the propofol group (P < 0.05). No apoptotic cells were found in the sham surgery group. (3) At 72 hours after spinal cord injury, AQP4/9 and matrix metalloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expression was higher in the propofol group than in the sham surgery group (P < 0.05). AQP4/9 and matrix metalloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in the propofol group (P < 0.05). (4) At 4 weeks after modeling, the spinal cord was loose, and the cavity was small. Partial neuronal necrosis could be seen. The degree of nerve fiber density in the propofol group was between the sham surgery group and spinal cord injury group. (5) Motor evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials were obviously recovered, the latency was short, amplitude was increased in the propofol group, which showed significant differences as compared with the sham surgery group and the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.05). Results suggested that propofol can reduce apoptosis in rat neurons after spinal cord injury, reduce spinal cord edema-related gene expression, and improve electrophysiological function and limb motor function.       

督脉电针对早期受损伤的脊髓神经营养素-3表达的影响

目的 观察督脉电针对早期受损伤的脊髓神经营养素-3(NT-3)表达的影响及其细胞定位.方法 成年雌性大鼠分为损伤组和电针加损伤组.全横断损伤两组大鼠的脊髓1d后,开始对电针+损伤组大鼠进行督脉电针,损伤组大鼠不做督脉电针.电针加损伤组在电针后1、3和7d时间点取出脊髓损伤区组织,损伤组也在相应时间点取出损伤区组织,用ELISA方法检测损伤区组织NT-3水平.再取电针后7d大鼠脊髓损伤区及其邻近组织切片做NT-3的免疫荧光组织化学双标染色.结果 电针加损伤组和损伤组的脊髓损伤区组织NT-3表达在时间上基本一致;在前3 d,NT-3水平是下降的,在后3 d,NT-3水平是增高的.但是,与损伤组相比,电针加损伤组的NT-3水平是明显增高(P＜0.05).免疫荧光双标染色结果显示,神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和巨噬细胞都有NT-3的表达.结论 督脉电针可以促进受损伤早期的脊髓组织细胞合成和分泌内源性NT-3,这可能是督脉电针促进急性脊髓损伤修复的适宜微环境因素之一.     

人脐血源性内皮祖细胞血管发生活性及其参与人恶性胶质瘤细胞异种移植瘤血管新生的作用

目的 观察人脐血源性内皮祖细胞(EPC)血管发生能力和在恶性胶质瘤血管新生过程中的作用.方法 应用密度梯度离心法分离新鲜人脐血的单个核细胞,接种于EGM-2培养液中培养获得EPC.取生长到第7～10天的细胞进行CD34和VEGFR-2免疫荧光双标染色.检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)刺激下EPC增殖活性、迁移能力和体外形成小管样结构的能力.采用人恶性胶质瘤细胞系U87在免疫缺陷小鼠进行皮下移植,于接种肿瘤后第7天经尾静脉注射EPC(每只5×103),并于接种肿瘤后第28天取材检测肿瘤微血管和EPC组织分布及定位,采用抗人CD31和抗鼠CD31免疫荧光双标记肿瘤微血管,计算人源性EPC来源的血管占肿瘤血管网的比例.结果 培养的细胞在第7～10天时可见条索样结构,生长并逐渐融合形成铺路石样排列的单层细胞,表达内皮细胞标记物CD34和VEGFR-2.在VEGF刺激下EPC具有较强的增殖活性、迁移能力和体外形成小管样结构的能力.外源性EPC能特异性归巢到异种移植瘤组织并形成新生血管,占肿瘤血管网的(18.68±1.32)%.结论 EPC在体内外具有形成血管能力,并参与异种移植瘤血管新生,提示其在恶性肿瘤血管新生过程中具有重要作用,并可能参与肿瘤微血管构筑表型异质性.     

内皮祖细胞在血管生物学中的特征和作用

输入造血干细胞和体外扩增的内皮祖细胞可以促进缺血后组织内的血管新生,使损伤后的内皮出现内皮化。内皮祖细胞的来源和界定一直存在争议,内皮祖细胞可来源于骨髓,CD133/VEGFR2细胞代表一定数量的内皮祖细胞。然而,越来越多的证据提示这些骨髓来源的细胞(如髓样细胞,侧群细胞和间充质细胞)和非骨髓来源的细胞均可产生EC。内皮祖细胞的动员和其介导的血管新生受到精细的调节。他汀类药物,锻炼或一些抑制因子(如冠状动脉疾病的危险因子)可以调节祖细胞的水平,从而影响血管的修复能力。然而,内皮祖细胞的招募和功能的发挥是多步骤调节的结果,如粘附,信号转导事件包括粘附和迁移(如通过整合素家族)趋化因子(如通过SDF-1/CXCR4)最后分化成EC。本文讨论了调节内皮祖细胞介导的血管新生和血管内皮化的可能机制。     

规律运动增加内皮祖细胞数量和功能改善衰老血管弹性

背景：近来研究发现运动可以增加内皮祖细胞数量和功能,有助于改善内皮功能。但是,运动对是否能通过上调循环内皮祖细胞数量和功能改善衰老血管弹性尚不清楚。 目的：观察规律运动是否通过影响循环内皮祖细胞数量和功能改善衰老所致血管弹性下降。 方法：对10例男性健康青年志愿者和10例健康老年志愿者予以规律运动锻炼3个月,流式细胞仪测定运动前后CD34和KDR双标阳性循环内皮祖细胞水平,乙酰化低密度脂蛋白及凝集素荧光标记方法评估体外培养内皮祖细数量,检测内皮祖细胞的迁移和增殖能力,并测定运动前后脉搏波传导速度的变化。 结果与结论：与健康青年志愿者比较,老年志愿者循环内皮祖细胞数量和功能明显下降,脉搏波传导速度减退。健康志愿者规律运动后循环内皮祖细胞水平较运动前增加,乙酰化低密度脂蛋白及凝集素双阳性内皮祖细胞数量较运动前增加,内皮祖细胞迁移和增殖能力明显增强,脉搏波传导速度下降,老年志愿者变化更为明显。循环内皮祖细胞数量及功能的增加倍数和脉搏波传导速度下降倍数呈明显正相关,多元回归分析显示乙酰化低密度脂蛋白及凝集素双阳性内皮祖细胞及增殖功能的增加倍数是脉搏波传导速度下降倍数的独立预测因素。说明规律运动可通过增加循环内皮祖细胞数量和功能改善衰老所致的血管弹性下降,提示运动调节内皮祖细胞可能是其保护衰老血管损伤的作用机制之一。     

依达拉奉联合神经干细胞移植修复大鼠脊髓损伤

背景：依达拉奉是一种自由基清除药,可以减轻受损神经组织水肿和改善脊髓损伤区微环境。 目的：观察依达拉奉联合神经干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓全横断损伤的修复效果。 方法：成年雌性SD大鼠80只,建立胸9脊髓全横断损伤模型,随机分为4组：对照组不做处理;依达拉奉组脊髓损伤后6 h经尾静脉注射依达拉奉;神经干细胞移植组脊髓损伤后6 h脊髓损伤区域注入神经干细胞悬液;依达拉奉+细胞移植组脊髓损伤后6 h神经干细胞移植的同时尾静脉注射依达拉奉。 结果与结论：造模后8周可观察到PKH-26标记的神经干细胞在体内存活并在脊髓内迁移;细胞移植组和依达拉奉联+细胞移植组可见少量连续性神经纤维通过损伤区。荧光金逆行脊髓追踪显示神经干细胞移植组和依达拉奉+细胞移植组可见被荧光金标记的神经锥体细胞穿越损伤区。PKH-26标记的阳性细胞数及荧光金阳性神经纤维数：依达拉奉+细胞移植组最多,依达拉奉组、神经干细胞移植组次之,对照组最少,各组之间差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);后肢功能运动BBB评分依次为依达拉奉+细胞移植组>神经干细胞移植组>依达拉奉组>对照组。提示依达拉奉能促进神经干细胞在损伤区的存活并向神经细胞分化,依达拉奉联合神经干细胞移植有促进细胞移植修复大鼠脊髓损伤的效果。     

Transplantation of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood promotes functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in Wistar rats

Cell transplantation is a promising experimental treatment for spinal cord injury. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood in promoting functional recovery when transplanted after a contusion spinal cord injury. Female Wistar rats (12 weeks old) were submitted to spinal injury with a MASCIS impactor and divided into 4 groups: control, surgical control, spinal cord injury, and one cell-treated lesion group. Mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood of human male neonates were transplanted in two experiments: a) 1 h after surgery, into the injury site at a concentration of 5 x 10⁶ cells diluted in 10 µL 0.9% NaCl (N = 8-10 per group); b) into the cisterna magna, 9 days after lesion at a concentration of 5 x 10⁶ cells diluted in 150 µL 0.9% NaCl (N = 12-14 per group). The transplanted animals were immunosuppressed with cyclosporin-A (10 mg/kg per day). The BBB scale was used to evaluate motor behavior and the injury site was analyzed with immunofluorescent markers to label human transplanted cells, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and astrocytes. Spinal cord injury rats had 25% loss of cord tissue and cell treatment did not affect lesion extension. Transplanted cells survived in the injured area for 6 weeks after the procedure and both transplanted groups showed better motor recovery than the untreated ones (P < 0.05). The transplantation of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood promoted functional recovery with no evidence of cell differentiation.     

蛛网膜下腔移植磁标骨髓间充质干细胞治疗脊髓损伤

背景：干细胞移植可以重建中枢神经系统的结构和功能,近年来引起了广泛的关注。 目的：探讨超顺磁性氧化铁标记骨髓间充质干细胞对兔脊髓损伤神经功能恢复的作用。 方法：采用密度梯度离心法和贴壁法体外分离培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞。制作兔脊髓损伤模型,并在蛛 网膜下腔置管以备移植。将实验白兔随机分为3组：标记组移植超顺磁性氧化铁标记细胞;未标记组移植未标记细胞;对照组不移植细胞只注射PBS液。 结果与结论：两移植组在细胞移植14 d后运动功能BBB评分高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);但两组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。细胞移植后1,7,14,21,28,35 d,脊髓损伤区域局部组织上出现大量含蓝色铁颗粒的细胞。经蛛网膜下腔移植标记骨髓间充质干细胞可定向迁移到脊髓损伤区域,并能促进脊髓损伤神经功能恢复。